Ball: parentocracy is a myth, it David: marketized education Policies to promote Ball and Whitty: note
encourages:
makes it appear that all as a "parentocracy". Shifts how marketisation
marketisation: • Cream-skimming: "Good" sch
parents have the same power from the producers • Business sponsorships of policies such as league be more selective, only recrui
freedom to choose which (teachers/schools) to schools tables and how funding
highest achieving (mainly mid
school to send their child to. consumers (parents). • Schools being allowed to formula reproduces class
class)
Competition raises standards inequality between
Disguising the fact that opt out of local authority • Silt Shifting: "Good" schools c
and gives more choice. control (academies) schools
schooling continues to taking less able pupils who are
reproduce inequality in this • Publishing league tables get poor results and damage t
The myth of Parentocracy and Ofsted reports that League tables and
way makes it appear fair and cream-skimming schools' position on the leagu
parentocracy
inevitable rank schools by exam
Parental Choice - Marketisation caused an performance The reproduction The funding Schools are allocated fund
Gewirtz of class inequality formula formula based on the how
"education market":
pupils they attract:
• Reducing direct control Marketisation
New Labour and reducing • Popular schools get mo
Disconnected-local choosers: WC of the state
inequality (1997-2010) funding so have more q
parents whose choices are restricted • Increasing competition
teacher and better fac
by economic and cultural capital. between schools and
• Increased funding for state education which allows them to b
Found it difficult to understand parental choice
• EMA's (Education Maintenance selective
school admissions. Distance and cost
limited choice as the nearest school
Marketisation: increasing Allowances): payments to low-income • Unpopular schools lose
market forces of students to encourage them to stay in and find it difficult to m
was the most economically viable
consumer choice and education after 16 teaching skills and faci
competition between • The Aim Higher programme: raise their more successful r
Privileged-skilled choosers: mainly professional MC suppliers into areas run by aspirations of those under-
parents who used their economic and cultural capital to the state (education) represented in higher education
Popular schools get better res
gain educational capital for their children. They know and mc pupils thrive; unpopul
how the system works and which school to pick. They However, although introducing EMA's to schools don't attract as many
can also afford to move to better school districts. encroage students to stay in education, Labour also so face more reduced funding
introduced tuition fees which may deter them