68W LPC 1 Exam Questions with correct Answers

Individual Sick call slip form. May be used as a means of communication between medical personnel and the patients Commander. - Answer- DD Form 689 Basic form used to document the chronological record of outpatient treatment. - Answer- SF 600 Initial correction procedure for an entry error. - Answer- Single line through information, write "error" and your initials. Access to medical information may be given to? - Answer- The patient, patient care personnel, medical researchers and medical educators. Personnel not involved with the patients care or in medical research will not have access to information unless the following situations apply. - Answer- Access required by court order, needed for hospital accreditation, authorized by the patient. Disclosure of medical information. - Answer- Handled by patient administrator, all requests are done in writing except in emergency situations. Subjective Information - Answer- Age, Sex, Race and first day of last menstrual period, history of illness, OPQRST, past medical, surgical and social history, last oral intake, AMPLE Referral to medical officer - Answer- Refer all red flags Quarters - Answer- Restricted to rest in patients place of domicile, includes freedom to move within their living space, to and from dfac and or medical facilities. May not perform any military duties, usually assigned for 72 hours. Bedrest - Answer- Patient is restricted to their bed with allowances for travel to dining facility and latrine. May not perform any military duties. Commander - Answer- Who has the authority to decide if a soldier should break their profile? Microorganism - Answer- Microscopic living cells found almost everywhere in the environment. Pathogens - Answer- microorganisms that cause disease Colonies - Answer- As bacteria reproduce, they form groups of many millions of individual cells called? Spore forming bacteria - Answer- Are resistant to the environment and can survive extreme conditions of light, drying and many chemicals.. Most difficult to control and destroy. Contagious Disease - Answer- Diseases transmitted to many individuals quickly and easily. Hand Washing - Answer- What is the single most useful and effective means of breaking the chain of infection and stop the spread of disease? Sterile - Answer- Item is free of all microorganisms and spores Sterilization - Answer- Destroys all microorganisms an spores by exposing articles to heat or to chemical disinfectants long enough to kill all microrganimsms and spores, i.e. autoclave (pressure steam _______) Airborne precautions - Answer- Tiny microorganisms from evaporated droplets remain suspended in the air or are carried on dust particles and inhaled. Droplet precautions - Answer- Microorganism are propelled through the air from an infected person who is sneezing, coughing, talking or being suctioned and deposited on the host's eyes, nose or mouth. Contact precautions - Answer- Is the most frequent mode of disease transmission. Direct contact between a susceptible hosts body surface and an infected or colonized person. Drug resistant gastrointestinal, respiratory, skin and wound infections, hepatitis A, herpes simplex virus, and acute diarrhea. - Answer- Diseases of contact transmission include? Neutropenic precautions - Answer- Protection from the outside environment, others people's microorganisms kept away from the patient, for weakened immune response patients, diseases include burns, bone marrow transplants, HIV, chemotherapy or low resistance from another cause. 10-15 seconds up to 2 minute or longer, scrub in circular motion from fingertips to elbows - Answer- Proper hand-washing incubation period - Answer- First phase of infection when pathogen enters the body to the first appearance of the first symptoms of illness. Convalescent Stage - Answer- Final stage of infection when acute symptoms of the infection subside and the person recovers. Virulence - Answer- pathogens strength to cause a disease nosocomial infection - Answer- patients can acquire this infection while in a health care facility Reasons for nosocomial infections - Answer- Many potential reservoirs for growth, IV fluids, foods, biological materials, equipment. indications - Answer- the reason the medication is being administered is guided by the conditions being treated Mechanism of Action - Answer- certain responses expected in the body (how the drug works) physiological dependence - Answer- the body develops a chemical need for a drug psychological dependence - Answer- patient is convinced that they have a need for a drug 68W - Answer- The safe and correct dispensing of medications remains with who? Even when directed by the supervising health care provider. Check with HCP - Answer- If you have any doubts about the suitability of any medication for any patient who would you check with? Patient, Medication, Time, Route, Dose, Documentation - Answer- Six rights of drug administration Repeat order to medical officer and verify medication 3 times (Before, during and after) Removal from storage area, preparing medication, returning to storage - Answer- Right medication procedure to ensure patient is given the correct medicine 20 minutes following injection - Answer- How long should you observe a patient for an allergic reaction after administering medication? Mild and Moderate allergic reactions - Answer- involves a generalized body response that reaches a point and do not continue to get worse. S/S may persist for several hours but are not progressive and do not pose a threat to life. Hives or uticaria - Answer- S/S of mild to moderate allergic reactions. Anaphylaxis - Answer- Refers to hypersensitivity reaction to an antigen. Most severe type of allergic reaction. epinephrine - Answer- Given at 0.3-0.5 mg IM for adult during an analphylaxis reaction, may be repeated every 5 to 10 minutes Diphenhydramine - Answer- Antihistamine (Benadryl) 25-50 mg IM or IV Solu-Medrol - Answer- Corticosteroid given 125 mg IV Normal Saline Bolus - Answer- 500 cc, prescribed by medial officer as needed Observe patient swallowing the medication - Answer- When giving oral medications this is important. Inhaler with spacing device - Answer- Patient unable to coordinate inspiration and activation of the metered dose inhaler. This helps with administration. Dry Powder Inhaler - Answer- have the patient hyper-extend the neck, place lips around mouth of dispenser creating airtight seal, depress canister while taking quick deep breath, instruct patient to hold breath for 10 seconds, exhale slowly through pursed lips, wait 2 minutes between puffs if more than one ordered. Purpose of Intradermal Injections (ID) - Answer- Testing for exposure to diseases, testing sensitivity to allergens or medications. inner forearm - Answer- Preferred site for ID injections Purpose of the Wheal - Answer- indicates that the medication has entered the area between the intradermal tissues. 45 degree angle - Answer- Administer Subcutaneous injection, what is the correct angle of the needle? intramuscular injection - Answer- Used when a large volume of medication is needed for a stronger effect. 10-20 minute absorption rate and long duration (hours to weeks) 90 degree angle - Answer- Angle to hold IM needle when administering Broad and narrow spectrum antibiotic - Answer- Effective against a wide range of microorganisms Narrow spectrum antibiotics - Answer- Effective against only a few organisms Advantages of oral antibiotics - Answer- Oldest method of drug administration, safest, most convenient, most economical, easy to give. Mycoses - Answer- An antifungal medication is a fungicide used to prevent and/or treat funfal infections is known as: Factors of fungal infections - Answer- High humidity and abnormalities relative to the immune system or hormones Prevention episodes of fungal infection - Answer- Keep skin clean and dry, as well as maintain good hygiene. Fungal infections are contagious wash any contaminated surfaces that may have been in contact with infected person. Histamine - Answer- Physically active substance found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as a part of an allergic reaction in humans. Stimulates gastric secretion and causes dilation of capillaries, constriction of bronchial smooth muscle and decreased blood pressure. Antihistamine - Answer- A drug that combats the histamine release during an allergic reaction by blocking the action of the histamine on the tissue. Common side effects of antihistamines - Answer- Mouth dryness and sleepiness Wheezing - Answer- S/S of anaphylaxis Fentanyl contrainidications - Answer- allergy to the medication or components caution to a patient who has already been giving morphine, can increase respiratory depression. 800 micrograms transbuccally - Answer- Dosage and route of Fentanyl 5mg slow IV push over 1-2 minutes - Answer- Initial dose of morphine Acetominophen - Answer- can cause liver damage if given at higher doses for an extended period of time. 0.4 - 2 mg slow IVP over 1-2 minutes may need to be repaeted 3 to 4 times - Answer- Strength and route of administration for Narcan Narcan wears off faster than morhpine - Answer- What is the reason why after administering Narcan the patient may fall back into respiratory depressing? Aspirin (ASA) - Answer- This drug is not indicated for military members in combat Overdose/Toxicity S/S - Answer- High pitch tinnitus, vertigo, hyperthermia, depression, agitation andconfusion followed by stupor and coma. Respiratory depression. Median Cubital Vein - Answer- First choice venipuncture,well supported least apt to roll.