Unit 4 crime and punishment
AC3.1
AC 3.1: Explain the role of
agencies in achieving social
control
QUESTION
Role:
Aims and objectives
Funding
Philosophy
Working practices
• Types of criminality
-
•
/ Types of offenders
•
/ Reach (local or national)
Agencies:
Government sponsored agencies
• Police
I
• CPS
/
•
- Judiciary
•
/ Prisons
•
I Probation
Charities and pressure groups
ANSWER
, Explain the role of
the police in social
control
QUESTION
The aim of the police is to enforce social control to reduce crime and maintain law and order.
They do this by working alongside communities to reinforce social norms and values in
communities, therefore reducing crime through internal social control.
They also enforce social control by using their statutory powers of arrest, search and
questioning, these are contained in the Police and Criminal Evidence Act (PACE) 1984. These
powers allow them to use violent/non violent coercion and act as an individual/general
deterrence reducing both forms of external social control, therefore reducing crime.
The police have 43 forces covering the entirety of England and Wales and several special
forces like the British Transport Police. This allows the police to reposed quickly to emergency
calls all over the country and provide a policing service to the community (patrols). In addition
to their visible presence, police use crime control techniques like CCTV to monitor criminal
activity. This increases individual and general deterrence and acts as a form of external social
control as people are more scared to commit crime due to greater fear of getting caught.
ANSWER
, Police aims and
objectives
QUESTION
The aim of the police is to reduce crime and maintain law and order.
• This involves the protection of life and property, preservation of the peace,
and prevention and detection of criminal offences.
• They do this by working alongside communities and having the statutory
powers of: arrest, detention, search, interview.
• Their powers are substantially contained in the Police and Criminal Evidence
Act (PACE) 1984.
ANSWER
, Police funding
QUESTION
Funding:
In England and Wales, the main source of income for the 43 geographic police forces is
central government grant made available through the annual Home Office Police Grant
Report. Some of their income is also raised through council tax.
Their main source of income is a central government grant and council tax.
Police can also charge for some of their special services.
Therefore if funding were to fall police would be less effective in enforcing social control.
This is because there’s less officers present on streets etc which decreases general and
individual deterrence. Also less crimes would be solved and less arrests would be made
so the protection of the public reduces. Since offenders would be more likely to get
away with crime more crime is committed.
ANSWER
AC3.1
AC 3.1: Explain the role of
agencies in achieving social
control
QUESTION
Role:
Aims and objectives
Funding
Philosophy
Working practices
• Types of criminality
-
•
/ Types of offenders
•
/ Reach (local or national)
Agencies:
Government sponsored agencies
• Police
I
• CPS
/
•
- Judiciary
•
/ Prisons
•
I Probation
Charities and pressure groups
ANSWER
, Explain the role of
the police in social
control
QUESTION
The aim of the police is to enforce social control to reduce crime and maintain law and order.
They do this by working alongside communities to reinforce social norms and values in
communities, therefore reducing crime through internal social control.
They also enforce social control by using their statutory powers of arrest, search and
questioning, these are contained in the Police and Criminal Evidence Act (PACE) 1984. These
powers allow them to use violent/non violent coercion and act as an individual/general
deterrence reducing both forms of external social control, therefore reducing crime.
The police have 43 forces covering the entirety of England and Wales and several special
forces like the British Transport Police. This allows the police to reposed quickly to emergency
calls all over the country and provide a policing service to the community (patrols). In addition
to their visible presence, police use crime control techniques like CCTV to monitor criminal
activity. This increases individual and general deterrence and acts as a form of external social
control as people are more scared to commit crime due to greater fear of getting caught.
ANSWER
, Police aims and
objectives
QUESTION
The aim of the police is to reduce crime and maintain law and order.
• This involves the protection of life and property, preservation of the peace,
and prevention and detection of criminal offences.
• They do this by working alongside communities and having the statutory
powers of: arrest, detention, search, interview.
• Their powers are substantially contained in the Police and Criminal Evidence
Act (PACE) 1984.
ANSWER
, Police funding
QUESTION
Funding:
In England and Wales, the main source of income for the 43 geographic police forces is
central government grant made available through the annual Home Office Police Grant
Report. Some of their income is also raised through council tax.
Their main source of income is a central government grant and council tax.
Police can also charge for some of their special services.
Therefore if funding were to fall police would be less effective in enforcing social control.
This is because there’s less officers present on streets etc which decreases general and
individual deterrence. Also less crimes would be solved and less arrests would be made
so the protection of the public reduces. Since offenders would be more likely to get
away with crime more crime is committed.
ANSWER
