PEDS: EXAM 2 TEST RATED 100% CORRECT

PEDS: EXAM 2 TEST RATED 100% CORRECT 4 key factors responsible for F&E differences in adults and children - ANSWER 1. % and distribution of body water 2. body surface area 3. rate of basal metabolism 4. status of kidney function (very immature in infants, if infant is dehydrated, their urine doesn't change colors, they just don't urinate at all sodium: intracellular or extracellular electrolyte? - ANSWER major extracellular electrolyte potassium: intracellular or extracellular electrolyte? - ANSWER major intracellular electrolyte Respiratory alkalosis signs - ANSWER anxious pain fever Metabolic acidosis signs ESTUDY - ANSWER diarrhea DKA (ketones are acidic) Metabolic alkalosis sings - ANSWER vomiting antacids (decreases pH) NG tube with suction Isotonic dehydration - ANSWER equal loss of sodium and water Hypotonic dehydration - ANSWER low sodium (less than 136) losing sodium faster than water Hypertonic dehydration - ANSWER losing water faster than sodium (sodium higher than 145) What are some causes of dehydration? - ANSWER vomiting ESTUDY diarrhea burns hemorrhage NG suctioning drainage loss NPO status overuse of diuretics or enemas (evident is teens) adrenal insufficiency **pg 136 in ATI Minimal/mild degree of dehydration - ANSWER 3 % loss of body weight asymptomatic 3-5% in infants 3-4% in children Moderate degree of dehydration - ANSWER 3-9% loss of body weight cap refill takes longer