Pharmacotherapeutics for nurse practitioner prescribers latest (2022/2023) already passed

Pharmacotherapeutics for nurse practitioner prescribers latest (2022/2023) already passed Adrenergic Agonist (act on) Sympathetic nervous system Adrenergic Antagonist (act by) blocking adrenergic receptors OR indirectly by decreasing norepi release w/ sympathetic nervous system terminals Adrenergic Agonist (act by) direct receptor binding to organs or tissues promoting the release or norepi or mimicking the action of norepi or epi. Alpha Adrenergic Agonists (cause) Vasoconstriction of arterioles, which leads to increased BP, pupil dilatation, and relaxation of gut Alpha 1 receptor medications (are used to treat) hypotension, nasal congestion, and cause pupillary dilatation for eye exams Alpha 2 receptor medications (are used to treat) hypertension Beta adrenergic agonists (cause) cardiac acceleration and increased contractility, vasodilation of the arterioles and bronchial and uterine relaxation Beta 1 receptor meds (are used for) cardiac arrest, heart failure, and shock Beta 2 receptor meds (are used for) asthma and premature labor contractions Alpha 1 antagonists (include) (two types) non-selective and selective types Selective Alpha 1 Antagonists (action) block the effects of catecholamines at the post-synaptic alpha 1 receptors in vascular SMOOTH muscle and in the smooth muscle of the bladder neck, and the prostate. Selective Alpha 1 Antagonists (treat) HTN, BPH, Raynaud's Dz, and Migraines. Beta Blockers (Beta Adrenergic Antagonists) Treat.. HTN, cardiac disorders (angina, CHF, post MI dysrhythmias, dysrhythmias without MI, migraine HA prophylaxis. Beta Blockers (Beta Adrenergic Antagonists) (act by) occupying beta-receptor sites and competitively preventing occupancy of these sites by catecholamines and other beta agonists Combined A and B adrenergic antagonists Alpha blockade predominates, less likely to sig. reduce HR or Card. Output The Alph block also balances tendency of B Blockers to produce vasoconstriction Cholinergic Agonists (sometimes called) Muscarinic Agents Cholinergic Agonists (are used to) to promote or mimic the action of acetylcholine Receptors for Cholinergic agents are located in eyes, heart, blood vessels, lungs, GI tract, bladder, sweat glands Cholinesterase inhibitors (type of muscarinic agonist) (treats) Myasthenia Gravis and Altzhimers DZ Cholinergic Blockers (AKA) Muscarinic antagonists or anticholinergic agents Cholinergic Blockers (used to treat) Motion sickness, bladder spasms, and related Statins (basic type of drug) Anti-cholesterol (HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors Fibrates (examples: Gemfibrizol/Fenofibrate) (Lopid/Tricor) inhibit cholesterol synthesis and decrease triglyceride synthesis, generally not used in initial monotherapy Bile Acid Sequestrants (ex. colestyramine, colestid) promotes increase in bile acid excretion. can be used in patients with active liver disease (not metabolized by the liver) Niacin (Example: Niaspin, Slo-Niacin) inhibits free fatty acid releaser from adipose tissue, also inhibits cAMP accumulation and the synthesis of VLDL and LDL .. OFTEN USED as adjunct with statin or bile acid sequestrant Ezetimibe (Zetia) Selectively inhibits the intestinal absorption of chol and related phytosterols. New med.. Limited long term outcome data- usually paired with a statin