ATI CHILD CARE QUESTION AND ANSWERS VERIFIED BY EXPERT TUTOR

ATI CHILD CARE QUESTION AND ANSWERS VERIFIED BY EXPERT TUTOR  ATI CHILD CARE QUESTION AND ANSWERS 1 A child diagnosed with asthma begins corticosteroid treatments. The nurse explains to the parents that the purpose of corticosteroid treatment is to produce which therapeutic effect? Dilation of bronchial airways Decrease bronchospasms Prevention of infection Anti-inflammatory effect 2 Which is the recommended treatment for moderate to severe lead poisoning? IV fluids Antiemetics Heavy metal antagonist Antibiotics 3 Which treatment is a nursing priority when providing care for an infant diagnosed with bacterial meningitis? Initiate cardiorespiratory monitoring. Initiate intravenous fluids. Observe respiratory isolation. Administer antibiotic therapy. 4 The dosage of a pediatric medication is 120mg/kg/day to be give t.i.d. The patient weighs 12 pounds. What is the correct dose for the nurse to administer? 120 mg 480 mg 218 mg 651 mg 5 In a child diagnosed with Tetralogy of Fallot, which of the following is a compensatory mechanism to decrease venous return to the heart? Squatting Clubbing Shortness of breath Polycythemia 6 A 1-year-old receives routine health maintenance care at the pediatric clinic. The child receives an MMR immunization. The mother asks the nurse, "When will my child get the next dose of MMR vaccine?" Which is the correct response by the nurse? In six months with the next DPT No further vaccination needed With the Hepatitis B series After the child is 10 years of age 7 Which is a major difference in the clinical manifestation of adolescents with anorexia nervosa compared to bulimia? Binge eating Purging Body image distortion Decreased self esteem 8 Which is the most common factor associated with non-organic failure to thrive? A cool, drafty area for sleeping Disturbance of mother/child relationship Lack of interest in the surroundings Financial hardship causing poor nutritional care 9 An adolescent recovering from substance abuse is diagnosed with hepatitis B. Which nursing instruction should be included when planning the client's care? Increase exercise. Avoid sharing needles. Limit fluid intake. Eat a diet high in fat. 10 Changes in the growth and development of the preschooler are characterized by: Preschoolers' gait resembles that of an adult. Rapid physical growth and a persistent curiosity. Major changes in weight, height and head circumference. A slowing of physical growth and expansion of social contacts. A slow improvement in motor ability. 11 A teacher asks the school nurse to assess the behavior of a child with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which situation best facilitates an effective nurse/child interaction? Playground during recess In the classroom at the end of the day Nurse's office before school Physical education class 12 The health care provider orders 60% oxygen to be administered with a partial rebreather mask and bag reservoir. Which error regarding the oxygen delivery system requires correction? The mask covers the nose and mouth The reservoir bag collapses during inspiration 13 A toddler is admitted to the hospital for treatment of acute gastroenteritis and dehydration. The mother states that she must go home to make arrangements for the care of her other children. To reduce the child's separation anxiety, which nursing intervention is most appropriate? Place the child in the crib with toys. Rock the child in a rocking chair. Turn on an age-appropriate video. Take the child to the nurse's station. 14 Which technique is most appropriate when assessing the circulation of a child's leg in traction? Determine if the child can wiggle the toes. Palpate the dorsalis pedis artery. Assess for pain sensation in the lower extremity. Perform range of motion in the lower extremity. 15 Initially, which solid food is generally recommended for an infant's diet? Infant rice cereal Strained vegetables Strained fruits Infant meats 16 A boy diagnosed with hemophilia falls while roller-blading and injures his knee. The nurse is most likely to assess which physical finding? Hemarthrosis Thrombocytopenia Petechiae 17 A toddler is admitted to the emergency department following a febrile seizure. Which information does the nurse provide to the family regarding febrile seizures? There is no relationship to seizure disorders. There must be a familial tendency toward seizures. The child most likely has a neurological defect or brain tumor. The child is likely to develop a seizure disorder as he grows. 18 The nurse assesses Koplik spots on the lingual and buccal mucosa of a 4-year-old. Which disease is likely to appear within the next two to three days? coughing with dyspnea on inspiration. Rubeola (measles) Mumps (epidemic parotitis) Varicella (chickenpox) Pertussis (whooping cough) 19 Which is the most appropriate pain scale to use for a Spanish speaking 5-year-old child who communicates very little in English? Poker Chip Tool Eland Color Tool FACES Pain Rating Scale Word Graphic Rating Scale 20 If a child with Type I diabetes mellitus takes regular insulin at 0800, which time during the day should the parents be taught to expect the peak action of regular insulin? 0830 1100 1300 21 The nurse evaluates the effectiveness of care for the school-aged child with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). Which clinical outcome does the nurse expect the child to demonstrate after nursing care interventions are implemented? The symptoms will subside with use of antibiotics. The child is able to move with minimal or no discomfort. The child limits his own physical activity to prevent pain. The family copes with the child's manipulative behaviors. 22 The nurse providing care to the child with pediculosis capitus (head lice) educates the family about the condition, transmission, and treatment. Which condition is necessary for survival of the louse on the host? Blood Warmth Moisture Mucous 23 An adolescent with Type I diabetes mellitus asks her mother for permission to go with friends to get pizza and ice cream. Which response by the adolescent's mother indicates that previous nursing instruction has been effective? "It is important for you to spend time with friends but you cannot eat what they are eating." "Your friends need to learn that there are certain foods that you cannot have. They will understand that you can't go with them." "You must stay away from those foods. It is easier for you to avoid the situation. You can go with your friends another time." "It is important for you to spend time with your friends. I will help you select your food and determine your next insulin dose." 24 When obtaining a health history, which significant event may precede a diagnosis of rheumatic fever? Exposure to chickenpox Recent severe sore throat Presence of a heart murmur Vomiting and diarrhea 25 Which intervention is most appropriate when providing nursing care for the child diagnosed with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy? Limit physical activity. Increase caloric intake. Assist the family to cope. Administer steroids. 26 An adolescent comes to the clinic with a fever, sore throat, and fatigue. Physical assessment findings reveal enlargement of the spleen and lymph nodes. Mononucleosis is diagnosed. Which is the nurse's priority in planning the care for the child at home? Avoid vigorous athletics. Limit visitors. Maintain adequate fluids. Obtain plenty of rest. 27 The presence of which classic cell provides data for the definitive diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease? Reed-Sternberg cell Sickle shaped red blood cell Epstein Barr cell 28 Which is the most common complication of acetaminophen toxicity in the toddler? Respiratory distress Fluid overload Renal failure Hepatic damage 29 During the acute phase of glomerulonephritis in a child, which intervention is the most appropriate? Observe protective isolation procedures. Encourage increased potassium intake. Encourage bedrest with appropriate diversional activity. Assess the child for signs of neurologic complications. 30 An 18-year-old female diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) comes to the rheumatology clinic for a follow-up visit. The nurse assesses the client's skin and reviews the client's BUN and creatinine levels. Which is the rationale for the nurse's actions? A "butterfly rash" and kidney damage are common characteristics of the disease. The client is prone to dry, scaly skin and dehydration related to kidney dysfunction. The generalized rash may lead to a secondary infection affecting the kidneys. The disease process is complicated by urinary frequency and a papular rash. 31 At an unscheduled clinic appointment, the mother of a 9-month-old states that she is concerned about her baby's small size and frequent crying. The mother has limited support systems and poor role modeling for parenthood from her own childhood. Which initial physical assessment data is most important for the nurse to obtain at this time? Height and weight Sucking reflex 32 Which information regarding suspected episodes of child abuse should the nurse include in the documentation? Summative statements Exact quotes regarding the events Generalized description of events Statements related to causative factors 33 A toddler is diagnosed with impetigo and the nurse gives the toddler's mother instructions about skin care. Which statement by the mother indicates a need for further education? "Impetigo can be spread from one body surface to another." "Toddlers are susceptible from the bacteria on their own skin." "The crusted areas should be allowed to fall off without treatment." "The lesions need to be cleaned three to four times daily." 34 The nurse provides nutritional education for the mother of a toddler. Which information in the toddler's health history indicates a problem regarding nutrition? The toddler: likes to play with the food and dishes. imitates the eating habits of an older sibling. drinks 42 ounces of cow's milk per day. 35 During the mental health examination of a troubled teen, the nurse assesses for the risk of violence. Which nursing response is most appropriate? "Do you feel like hurting yourself or anyone else?" "Have you responded to stress with aggressive behavior in the past?" "Have you ever had a problem with impulse control?" "Tell me how your family deals with anger." 36 A physician orders gentamicin (Garamycin) one drop OS four times daily for a 3-year-old child. Which method of medication administration is most appropriate? Pull the right lower eyelid down, instill drops, and then repeat with the other eye. Pull the left lower eyelid down, forming a cradle, and instill the drops. Pull the left pinna down and back to instill the drops. Pull the right pinna upward and back and instill the drops. 37 A school-age client receives a blood transfusion. The nurse assesses shortness of breath, bulging neck veins, and a moist cough. These findings are indicative of which complication? An allergic reaction Fluid overload An air embolism A hemolytic reaction 38 The nurse plans the preoperative care of the infant with pyloric stenosis. In feeding the infant, which measure should be implemented until surgery? Increase the frequency of the feedings. Burp the infant between feedings. Feed the infant with a Breck feeder. Let the infant rest after the feeding. 39 When providing instructions to a day care provider about the transmission of chickenpox, which statement by the day-care worker reflects a need for further education about the infectious phase of this disease? "Chickenpox is spread through the respiratory tract." "Chickenpox is transmitted by direct contact." "When the rash first appears, we should watch for seizures." "Children that have seeping pox should remain at home." 40 Digoxin (Lanoxin) is used in the treatment of a client diagnosed with a congenital heart defect. Which is the mechanism of action? Dilates the coronary arteries Improves contractility of the heart Reduces venous return to the heart Decreases systemic overload 41 The nurse provides care for the child diagnosed with glomerulonephritis and collects a urine sample for urinalysis. Which urine color suggests the presence of red blood cells? Smoky Cloudy Bright orange Dark yellow 42 A 2-month-old baby is diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. Which statement most accurately defines this disorder? Dominant disorder in which an enzyme deficiency leads to fatty deposits on the liver Dominant disorder in which secretions produced in the lungs plug the airway and induce respiratory distress Recessive disorder in which structural changes occur in the heart muscle Recessive disorder in which abnormal amounts of secretions are produced by the exocrine glands 43 Initial treatment for unilateral (talipes equinus) clubfoot includes which intervention? Passive range of motion exercises to the ankle and toes four times daily Application of a cast to the affected foot as soon as diagnosis is made The use of a spica cast until the newborn is ready for surgery 44 A 10-year-old is seen in the allergy clinic. The child describes itchy, watery eyes and nasal congestion after spending time outdoors. The skin is noted to be dry and scaly in patches on the back of the arms. Skin testing is ordered. Which measure by the nurse promotes the accuracy of the testing? Assessing past medical history for skin testing that was previously positive Assessing the lung fields for wheezing and nasal mucosa for irritation Reviewing medications over the past five days for antihistamine use Using the child's abdomen instead of upper forearm for skin testing 45 A school-age child falls from a bicycle and sustains head trauma. Upon arrival to the emergency department, the nurse identifies signs indicating increased intracranial pressure. Which sign should the nurse document? Rapid response of the pupils to light Narrowed pulse pressure Decrease in body temperature Mounting agitation 46 According to Erikson's theory of child development, the normal school-aged child masters which psychosocial stage for development of healthy personality? Autonomy versus shame and doubt Identity versus role diffusion Initiative versus guilt Industry versus inferiority 47 A preschool child is brought to the primary-care clinic because of anal itching at night. The child is diagnosed with pinworm infestation and mebendazole (Vermox) is prescribed. Which instruction to the family is most important regarding follow-up care? All sheets must be washed in hot water. Contact with other children should be avoided for 7-10 days. Daily tub bathing is recommended during infestation. The entire family must be treated with Vermox. 48 A nurse assesses the growth and development of a 3-month-old. Which activity is undeveloped at this age? Holds a rattle and places it in the mouth Attempts to roll over Picks up a small object using finger and thumb Smiles in response to mother's voice 49 Which diagnostic procedure is used to ascertain if a female client has gonorrhea? Take a blood specimen. Obtain a vaginal culture. Test the urine for pus. Determine the last menstrual period. 50 The nurse assesses the development of a 3-year-old child at a routine clinic visit. The nurse should expect the mastery of which developmental task? Identifying five body parts Copying a square Tying shoelaces Hopping on one foot 51 The nurse providing nutritional instruction to parents of a child diagnosed with cystic fibrosis recommends which type of diet? High calorie Low fat High fiber Vegetarian 52 Which nursing assessment indicates bleeding in the postoperative phase after a tonsillectomy? Frequent swallowing Complaints of throat pain Increased pulse rate Dark brown blood in the emesis 53 The school nurse provides an educational program for a group of preadolescents regarding the use of birth control pills. Which is the mechanism of action for oral contraceptives? Kill sperm Inhibit ovulation Cause sperm dysfunction Prevent ovum implantation 54 The mother of a school-aged child diagnosed with a terminal illness asks the nurse, “How should I explain this to my child?” Which nursing instruction is most appropriate? Show photographs of the children in the latter phase of the disease. Give a description of the disease process and contributing causes. Explain the illness honestly at an age-appropriate level. 55 The nurse prepares to administer an intramuscular injection to a 4-year-old child. Which site is most appropriate? Ventrogluteal Vastus lateralis Dorsogluteal Deltoid 56 Which is the peak age for the occurrence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)? Incorrect: Two to four weeks of age is early for most cases of SIDS. Unexplained death at this Prior to four weeks Two to six months Six to ten months After ten months 57 An adolescent seeks health care at a free clinic and states she is sexually active and concerned about AIDS. Which nursing instruction regarding transmission of sexually transmitted diseases is most appropriate? “It is essential that you wear a diaphragm to prevent cross infection with your partner.” “If your partner has no symptoms of sexually transmitted disease then you do not need to worry.” “A condom is the best protection, except for abstinence, to prevent sexually transmitted disease.” “A spermicidal is used to prevent the spread of sexually transmitted disease in both partners.” 58 An adolescent girl is diagnosed with scoliosis and her mother is reluctant to pursue treatment. The nurse educates the mother that untreated scoliosis may ultimately have which outcome? Correct itself over time Affect heart and lung performance 59 When assessing the heart rate for infants and small children, which pulse point should the nurse use? Apical Carotid Brachial Radial 60 A hospitalized 18-month-old is diagnosed with gastroenteritis. When providing discharge teaching for the child's parents, which food should the nurse suggest be reintroduced last? Bananas Pudding Applesauce Rice 61 A child with Type I diabetes mellitus experiences polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia, and has a history of diabetic ketoacidosis. The family should be instructed that ketones can appear in the urine when the blood glucose reaches which level? 120 mg/dl 250 mg/dl 180 mg/dl 150 mg/dl 62 A hospitalized preschool child is recovering from surgery and is in the playroom. Which behavior should the nurse expect to observe? Throwing a ball into the air and catching it Playing with a toy beside other children 63 A 4-week-old infant with an atrial septal defect (ASD) is monitored for signs of congestive heart failure (CHF) prior to surgery. The nurse measures intake and output to determine the fluid status of the child. Which is the best method to obtain an approximation of the volume of urine output? Record the weight of the wet diaper directly on the graphic flow sheet. After urination, weigh the wet diaper and divide by the birthweight. Weigh the diaper before and after urination and subtract the difference. Weigh the infant before and after urination and record the volume. 64 A 12-week-old infant requires the insertion of a ventricular peritoneal (VP) shunt for the treatment of hydrocephalus. Which is the most serious complication of VP shunts? Shunt migration Obstruction of the shunt Mechanical malfunction Shunt infection 65 A mother brings her toddler into the clinic because of fussiness, fever, and pulling of the right ear. The mother states that the symptoms are the same as when the child had a previous ear infection. Which is the most appropriate nursing response? "It is good that you are concerned because frequent ear infections may lead to deafness." "It is probable that the previous ear infection did not completely resolve." "Otitis media is an infection in the outer ear canal and is common in early childhood." "Children are more prone to hear infections due to the shorter, straighter ear canal." 66 An 11-year-old receives an allergy shot during a clinic visit. Which symptom indicates the early stage of anaphylactic shock? A blood pressure reading of 100/60 A sense of impending doom 67 When initiating a plan of care for the child with leukemia, the nurse informs the family to anticipate which diagnostic test? Red blood cell count Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Bone marrow aspiration Blood gas analysis 68 The administration of aspirin has been discouraged in pediatric use because of the association of which condition? Erb palsy Hodgkin's disease Kaposi sarcoma Reye's syndrome 69 A child diagnosed with sickle cell disease experiences an acute, vasoocclusive crisis. Which nursing intervention is the priority? Maintain hydration. Prevent infection. Provide analgesia. Administer oxygen. 70 The nurse provides discharge instructions to the parent of a child who has a newly applied cast to the leg. Which statement by the parent indicates the need for further nursing instruction? "I need to check the toes for temperature and color." 71 Which is the main difference between the male and female anatomy related to urinary tract infections? The male urethra is straighter, allowing more rapid elimination of pathogens. The female urethra is shorter so the pathogens can enter the bladder more quickly. The male urethra is lined with mucous membranes to trap microorganisms. The female urethra is larger in diameter, allowing for the rapid entrance of pathogens. 72 A teenage boy commits suicide. Which is the main cause of suicide? An act of defiance A psychotic act Destructive aggression turned inward A form of manipulation 73 Which signs indicate IV infiltration in a child? Fever, chills, and pain Erythema, edema, and streaking at the vein site Limited ability to move the extremity Backflow of blood at the IV site and in the IV tubing 74 Following the surgical repair of a toddler's cleft palate, which method of administering fluid is most appropriate in the post-operative recovery period? Sippy cup 75 The nurse planning the care for a child that has partial and full thickness burns understands that an early complication with extensive burns is hypovolemic shock. high-output renal failure.