Anesthesia Exam 2| 240 QUESTIONS| WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS| 49 PAGES

What is an injectable anesthetic? correct answer: • Drug administered via parenteral route and produces a state of hypnosis or catalepsy called "anesthetic state" • Can be used for induction and/or maintenance of anesthesia (PIVA- partial IV anesthesia, TIVA- total IV anesthesia) Which injectable anesthetics can only be administered IV? correct answer: propofol, etomidate, barbiturates (thiopental) Which injectable anesthetics can be administered via multiple routes? correct answer: alfaxalone, ketamine, tiletamine/ zolazepam (IV, IM, SQ, intranasal) What are the properties of an ideal injectable anesthetic? correct answer: • Water soluble • Long shelf life • Stable when expose to light • Small volume required for induction • Safe therapeutic ratio (= wide therapeutic index) • Short duration of action • Metabolized to non-toxic metabolites • Absence of histamine release and anaphylaxis • Minimal cardiovascular and respiratory depression • No cumulative effects Which factors determine the anesthetic effect of an injectable anesthetic? correct answer: • Blood flow to the brain (poor CO → delayed effect) • Amount of non-ionized drug (form of the drug that crosses BBB) - Affected by the patient's a