LMSW EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2023 VERSION A GRADE EXAM

LMSW EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2023 VERSION A GRADE EXAM AASPIRINS - Answer A: acknowledge & assess S: start where the client is P: protect Life (preventing danger to self and others) I: informed Consent R: rule out medical conditions, send to Dr. if medical I: intoxication (don't treat if intoxicated) N: non-judgmental S: support self-determination For "Best"/"Worst" or "MOST reasonable" questions AREAFI - Answer What to do "FIRST" or "NEXT": A: Acknowledge/Assess feelings R: Refer E: Educate A: Advocate F: Facilitate I: Intervene Levels of cognition - Answer knowledge (teaching facts, theories, etc) comprehension application analysis synthesis (creating something new) evaluation (judging quality) Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Answer Physiological Safety Love/belonging Esteem Self-actualization Types of groups - Answer Shared problem, Counseling, Activity self help, natural group, closed group, open group, structured, reference, crisis Individual self-actualization occurs through... - Answer - release of feelings that block social performance - support from others - orientation to reality and check out own reality with others - reappraisal of self Bowenian Family Therapy - Answer change through understanding multigenerational dynamics -driven to achieve balance of internal and external differentiation Logotherapy - Answer change through finding meaning in life, understanding purpose Problem solving therapy (aka Task Centered) - Answer change through supporting client to take actions to address problems; client defined problems -Short term -Good for lower functioning, schizophrenia, homeless Dialectical Behavior theory - Answer Aims to change behavioral, emotional, and thinking patterns associated with dysfunction -teaches mindfulness, suicidal behavior, emotional regulation, interpersonal effectiveness • Good for Borderline Personality Disorder Narrative therapy - Answer Change occurs by externalizing problem and creating a new narrative or story, which emphasizes the client's competencies and strengths. -Problem separate of client, externalize the problem Feminist Therapy - Answer Change through recognizing disempowering social forces and empowering client. -Good for eating disorders. Emotional Triangulation - Answer Network of relationship between 3 people. Stable until anxiety starts between dyad, then 3rd party is used to reduce anxiety. structual family therapy - Answer SW engages family in restructuring; boundaries are determined with Interpersonal, boundaries w/ outside world, hierarchal organization of the family Interpersonal family structure - Answer Family is defined. Promoted differentiation and autonomy Boundaries of the outside world (Structural family therapy) - Answer Defines family. Must be permeable enough to maintain well functioning open system hierarchal organization (Structural family therapy) - Answer in all families and cultures. Maintained generationally; parent-child roles, rights, obligations, etc. Strategic Family Therapy - Answer - Pretend technique -1st order changes (superficial behavior changes) -2nd order changes (systematic interaction patterns) -Family homeostasis (preserve family organization and communication) -Relabeling (change label attached to problem or person) -Paradoxical directive (prescribe symptomatic behavior so client realize it can be controlled) Suprasystem (systems theory) - Answer An entity that is served by a number of component systems organized in interacting relationships Throughput (system theory term) - Answer Energy that is integrated into the system so it can be used by the system to accomplish its goals Subsystem (systems theory) - Answer A major component of a system made up of 2+ independent components that interact in order to attain their own purpose(s) and the purpose(s) of the system in which they are embedded SOAP format (Assessment) - Answer Subjective: How are they doing since last visit Objective: Vitals, physical exam, lab results Assessment: Tasks S & O into short assessment Plan: Done after assessment; treatment plan Mental Status Exam (MSE) - Answer Appearance Orientation (Time place events) Speech (Slurred, pressed, slow) Affect/Mood Impulsivity (Potential of harm) Judgement/Insight (Predict consequences) Thought process (reality, thinking style) Intellectual function/memory Suicide Assessment (Danger to self) - Answer - Hx of attempt/family hx - Lives alone, no social support - Psych disorders (depression, anxiety) - Substance use/abuse - Media & peer exposure - Losses - Firearms or lethal weapons Suicide Protective Factors - Answer - Social support, family connectedness - Coping skills -Access to clinical care/Treatment - Religion & participation in religious activities - Limited access to lethal methods Risk Assessment (Suicide/Violence) - Answer - Frequency, intensity & duration of suicidal or violent thoughts - Access to available methods - Availability/inability to control suicidal/violent thoughts - Ability to not act on thoughts - Factors making client feel better/worse -Consequences of actions - Deterrents to action - Using drugs/alcohol - Measures client uses to remain safe Community Strength & Challenges - Answer People, Partnerships, Facilities, Organizations, Policies, Regulations, Culture Delusions - Answer false beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders Endogenous depression - Answer chemical imbalances in the brain rather than as a reaction to life events Exogenous depression - Answer depression caused by external events or psychosocial stressors Folie a deux - Answer shared delusion Postmorbid - Answer subsequent to the onset of an illness Premorbid - Answer before the onset of major symptoms Psychotic - Answer experiencing delusions or hallucinations contraindicated - Answer not recommended under these circumstances AntiAnxiety & Panic Disorder - Answer Ativan, Buspar, Klonopin, Valium, Xanax ADHD/ADD Stimulants - Answer Adderall, Concerta, Dexedrine, Ritalin Antidepressants (SSRIs) - Answer Celexa Lexapro Luvox Paxil Prozac Zoloft Antidepressants (Tricyclics) - Answer Anafranil Asendin Elavil Norpramin Pamelor Aventyl Surmontil Trofranil Vivactil Antidepressants (MAOI) - Answer Nardil Parnate *Avoid alcohol & aged foods Antidepressants (Others) - Answer Effexor Desyrel Remeron Serzone Wellbutrin Mood stabilizers (Anti-Manic/Bipolar) - Answer Depakote Lamictal Lithium Abilify Antipsychotics (Schizoprenia & Mania) - Answer Haldol Clozaril- need blood work done Thorazine Seroquel Risperdal Zyprexa Tardive dyskinesia (TD) - Answer Abnormal, involuntary movement of tongue, jaw, lips, & face; twitching and snakelike movement of extremities as a result of a high dose of antipsychotics over time Assessment of Violence (Danger to others) - Answer -Youth under 13 y/o who commit crimes & escalating violence -Aggression, associated w/ drugs, alcohol & risky behavior -Delinquent peers & gangs Assessment of violence (protective factors) - Answer Programs, individual risk & environment Target social context of change Access to clinical care Support system Coping skills Restrict access to lethal weapons Social Work Values - Answer 1. service 2. social justice 3. dignity and worth of the person 4. importance of human relationships 5. integrity 6. competence Ethical Problem Solving - Answer -Identify ethical standards being compromised -Determine if there is an ethical dilemma -Weigh issues in light of SW values & ethics -Suggest modifications -Implement modifications -Monitor for new dilemmas Payment (SW Ethics) - Answer Fees are fair, reasonable & commiserate w/ service. Bartering accepted only when it is acceptable in the local community Lack of Decision Making (SW Ethics) - Answer Act of behalf of client and safe guard against ill interest Referrals (SW Ethics) - Answer Refer for specialized knowledge Termination (SW Ethics) - Answer When services & relationships are no longer required or of interest Commitment to clients (SW Ethics) - Answer Promote wellbeing in client's interest; larger society or legal obligations may supersede loyalty to client Self-determination (SW Ethics) - Answer Respect and promote the right of clients and assist clients to identify goals and clarity informed consent (SW Ethics) - Answer An ethical principle that clients are told enough to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate; state purpose of service, risks, limits, costs, alternatives, right to refuse or withdraw consent, time frame of consent Cultural Awareness - Answer Understand culture and its function in human behavior and society Conflict of Interest (SW Ethics) - Answer Avoid interfering w/ exercising professional discretion and impartial judgement. No dual/multiple relationships Privacy and Confidentiality (SW Ethics) - Answer the responsibility we have to protect the privacy of patients and maintain the confidentiality of their medical information. Need consent for information release Access to Records (SW Ethics) - Answer Provide reasonable access to records Sexual relationships & physical contact (SW Ethics) - Answer None under any circumstances Short Term Intervention - Answer Psychodynamic Crisis intervention Cognitive behavioral therapy case management - Answer -Assessment -Planning -Linking -Monitoring -Advocacy Evaluation (research) - Answer -Quantitative info -Improvements -Symptom progress -Qualitative info Conflict resolution - Answer 1. Recognize existing potential conflict 2. Assess conflict 3. Select strategy 4. Intervention Intervention escalation - Answer -Decrease contact -Decrease time between sessions -Decrease formality of sessions -Limit scope fo issued that can be discussed -Use 3rd party mediator Social Work Process - Answer 1. Engaging 2. Assessing 3. Planning 4. Intervening 5. Evaluating 6. Terminating *Enhances mental emotional and action capabilities Qualitative measurement - Answer info that is not numerical (Open ended surveys, unstructured interviews, observations) Quantitative measurement - Answer collecting data involving numbers that can be statistically manipulated (number of clients, survey w/ a Likert scale) Task Centered Practice - Answer -quickly engage clients in problem-solving process&to maximize their responsibility for treatment outcomes -focus on here and now - client must be able to identify a precise psychosocial problem/solution confined to specific change in behavior or change of circumstances - client must being willing to work on problem establish relationship quickly - termination begins almost immediately upon onset of treatment Crisis intervention - Answer - relieve the impact of stress with emotional and social resources -return a clients to a previous level of functioning -help strengthen mechanisms during the crisis period -develop adapting coping strategies -4-6 weeks; directive, high level activity/involvement -local worker sets specific goals and task in order to increase a clients sense of mastery and control. Phases of Intervention - Answer -Engagement -Assessment (Strengths and needs) -Planning/Design intervention -Intervention -Evaluation -Termination Stages of Change Model - Answer -precontemplation -contemplation -preparation -action -maintenance -relapse Change strategies - Answer -modify systems (one on one or larger system) -modify individual thoughts (change interpretation & statements) -modify actions (behavior modification) -advocacy (secure change) -Mediator (negotiates) -modify feedback (alter reinforcement) Motivation Techniques - Answer -identify problem or risk -explain why change is important -advocating change -identify barriers -best course of action -setting goals -taking steps to change -preventing relapse *empathy increases motivation & lowers resistance Universalism (SW Values) - Answer One acceptable norm or standard for everyone dichotomous thinking - Answer "either or" thinking; different are inferior, wrong or bad Roles in Problem Solving - Answer consultant advocate case manager catalyst broker mediator facilitator instructor mobilizer recourse allocator Social role theory - Answer Role ambiguity (no clear role) Role complementarity (carried out as expected; Parent-child role) Role discomplementarity (roles conflict or expectations differ) Role reversal (2+ individuals switch roles) Role conflict (Incompatible/conflicting expectations) Transferece - Answer Client feelings redirected; unconscious, reveal unresolved conflicts Counter Transference - Answer redirection of SW feelings to client; emotional entanglement Community Intervention - Answer -Problem recognition/ Problem definition (seek focus and identify cause of problem) -Information gathering -Goal setting -Operation (implement activities on goal) -Evaluation -Community continues activities Empathy - Answer Understanding involves being non-judgmental, accepting and genuine *positive relationships are an important tool of helping Empathetic communication - Answer -communication style; rapport with clients -starts where a client is and stays attuned -increases the level at which clients explore themselves and their problems -responds to nonverbal communication -decreases defensiveness and engages client in processing and testing new info -defuses anger that represents obstacles to progress --encourages more rational discussion and sets the stage for problem solving problem solving process - Answer E.A.P. A. Being engaged (Engaged) B. Assessing client situation in order to select appropriate goals & means of attaining (Assessment) C. Planning how to employ means (Planning) *Resistance-- clarify the process and specify what will happen and discuss ambivalence Types of interactions - Answer Verbal-- natural Non-verbal-- Gestures, facial expression, eye movement *Humans act in terms of their feelings, attitudes, and understanding; must be taken into account and explore if the helping process is to result in change Group Development - Answer Forming- Pre-affiliation, trust building Storming- power and control Norming- Intimacy; utilize self in group Performing- Differentiation and acceptance of others Termination- Separation and independence Factors affecting groups - Answer -Size -homogeneity -participation -interdependence -member stability Groups help to - Answer Instill hope Universality Altruism Interpersonal learning Self understanding and insight Service (SW Ethics) - Answer Primary goal of SW. Help people in need to address social problems Social justice (SW Ethics) - Answer Challenge injustice Dignity and worth (SW Ethics) - Answer Respect inherent dignity and worth of others Human Relationships (SW Ethics) - Answer Social workers recognize the central importance of human relationships Integrity (SW Ethics) - Answer Behave in trustworthy manner Competence (SW Ethics) - Answer Practice within areas of competence and develop and enhance professional expertise ` group polarization - Answer group decision making when discussion strengthen a dominant point of view and result in a shift to more extreme position than any of the members would adopt on their own Preconscious - Answer contains material just beneath the surface of awareness that can easily be retrieved conscious - Answer contains all the information that a client is paying attention to at any given time unconscious - Answer a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories; information processing of which we are unaware. Id (Freud) - Answer innate biological instinct and urges; self serving, irrational, and totally unconscious; survival, sex, aggression Ego (Freud) - Answer manages the conflict between Id and real world; awareness of impulses has to be delayed in order to accomodate the demands of the real world Ego-systonic - Answer behaviors "insync" with ego (no guilt) Ego dystonic - Answer behaviors "dis-insync" with ego (guilt) Superego - Answer the moral component of personality that incorporates social standards about what represents right and wrong Oral stage - Answer Birth-12 months; sucking, biting, chewing. Fixation: excessive smoking, over eating, dependence on others Anal stage - Answer 2-3 y/o; bowel movement & toilet training Fixation: overly controlling, easily angered Phallic stage - Answer 3-5y/o; genital source of pleasure Fixation: guilt or anxiety about sex Latency stage - Answer 5y/o- Puberty; sexuality is latent, dormant No fixation Genital stage - Answer Begins at puberty; genitals and sexual urges; no fixation Individual psychology (Adler) - Answer Adler's view that people are motivated by purposes and goals and that perfection, not pleasure, sexual urges or aggression Compensation (Adler) - Answer attempt to shed normal feelings of inferiority Inferiority (Adler) - Answer Overcompensation; try to cover up their sense of inferiority by focusing on outward signs of superiority such as status, wealth and power Self psychology - Answer Defines the self as the central organizing and motivating force in personality. Self psychology needs - Answer Self Psychology, Kohut Mirroring: validates the child's sense of perfect self Idealization: child borrows strength from others & identifies w/ someone more capable Twinship: Child needs an alter ego for a sense of belonging Ego psychology - Answer focuses on the rational, conscious process of the ego. based on assessment of client as presented in the present; goal to maintain and enhance ego's control and management of stress and its effects Psychosocial - Answer Erikson; Describing the relation of the individual's emotional needs to the social environment Trust vs. Mistrust - Answer Birth-1yr; learn the ability to trust others based on the consistency of caregiver, or inability to trust & sense of fear w/ the world Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Answer 1-3 years; assert independence, making choices, build confidence; or feel inadequate, overly dependent, lack self esteem Initiative vs. Guilt - Answer 3-6 years; assert themselves frequently, plan activities, make up games, sense of initiative and ability to lead; or develop sense of guilt, remain a follower, lack self-initiative Industry vs. Inferiority - Answer 6-12 years; develop pride, complete tasks, achievements, feel industrious & confidence; or feel restricted, inferior, doubtful identity vs. role confusion - Answer adolescence; look at future of career, relationships, families, housing, explore possibilities; or hindered, confused about role in the world Intimacy vs. Isolation - Answer young adulthood; leading toward long term commitments w/ others and family, commitment, safety, care in relationships; or avoid intimacy, isolation, loneliness and depression Generativity vs. Stagnation - Answer middle adulthood; individuals establish careers, settle down within relationships and begin families; or becomes stagnant and feel unproductive Ego Integrity vs. Despair - Answer late adulthood; contemplate accomplishments and sense of integrity; or feel unproductive and failing to accomplish life goals, dissatisfied with life and develop despair object relations theory - Answer Mahler; theory. life long relationship skills are strongly rooted in attachments w/ parents Behavioral theory - Answer Theory; Use of reinforcement methods to change learners' behaviors classical conditioning - Answer Learning results from pairing previously neutral (conditioned) stimulus w/ an unconditioned (involuntary) stimulus so conditioned stimulus elicits the response Classical Conditioning (Pavlov) - Answer Uncond. Stimulus--- Uncond. response Uncond. Stimulus +Cond. Stimulus-- Uncond response Cond. stimulus--- Cond. response Operant Conditioning (Skinner) - Answer stimuli precedes behaviors , followed by consequence Antecedent-- response/behavior-- Consequence positive reinforcement - Answer Increases behaviors by presenting positive reinforcers (Ex. Praises, tokens) negative reinforcement - Answer behavior increases w/ negative (aversive) stimulus removed (Ex. remove shock) positive punishment - Answer Stimulus addition of something unpleasant to decrease behavior (ex. hitting, shocking) negative punishment - Answer removal of desirable stimulus following a behavior for the purpose of decreasing or eliminating that behavior (ex. removing something positive such as dessert) cognitive therapy - Answer Piaget; learning to modify dysfunctional thought patterns -Good for anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder sensorimotor stage - Answer 0-2yrs; stage retains image of objects, intentional actions, imitative, symbol meaning begins at end of stage preoperational stage - Answer 2-7yrs; stage magical thinking, night terrors, thinking is concrete, acquire words and symbols, comprehend past, present, future Concrete Operation stage - Answer 7-11yrs; abstract thought, play games w/ rules, cause and effect relationship, independent thinking, thinking is reversible, rules of logic developing formal operational stage - Answer 11-maturity; stage of high level abstraction, planning future, hypothetical thinking, assumes adult roles and responsibilities Kohlberg's stages of moral development - Answer Moral development parallels cognitive development; basis of ethical behavior preconventional morality - Answer Before age 9, obeys authority and fears punishment; Acts acceptably in child's best interest, conforms to rules to receive rewards (Kolhberg) Conventional morality - Answer Early adolescence; acts to gain approval of others, stereotypical norms of morality; Obeys laws and fulfills obligations and duties to maintain social system (Kolhberg) post-conventional morality - Answer Adult; Genuine interest in the welfare of others, individual rights and morally right; Guided by individual principles based on broad, universal and ethical principles (Kolhberg) Behaviorist Learning Theory - Answer Skinner, Pavlov; learning theory viewed through change in behavior and the stimuli in the external environment in order to bring desired change Cognitive learning theory - Answer Piaget; learning theory viewed through internal mental process (insight, info processing, memory, perception)and the locus of learning is internal cognitive structures Humanistic learning theory - Answer Maslow; learning theory is viewed as a person's activities aimed at reaching the full potential, locus of learning is meeting cognitive and other needs, develop whole person Social learning theory - Answer Bandura - learning is obtained between people and their environment (interactions and observations) community organizing - Answer focused on harnessing the collective power of communities to tackle issues of shared concern Sources of power - Answer legitimate, reward, coercive, expert, referent, informational Person in Environment - Answer Client centered; understand clients experiencing difficulties with their roles, self-perceptions, and expectations/ interactions with others and in the context of their environment; Risk factors for alcohol and drug abuse - Answer Family Social Psychiatric Behavioral Biopsychosocial model - Answer model incorporates hereditary, emotional, psychological problems, social influence and environmental problems; Measures biology, psychology, social aspects of a person Stages of treatment (substance abuse) - Answer Stabilization Rehabilitation Maintenance Treatment approaches - Answer Medication assisted Psychosocial/psychological Behavioral therapies Self-help groups (AA, NA) Communication (code of ethics) - Answer SW should only solicit information essential for providing services