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Cambridge Coursebook 9 - Summary/Notes

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These notes are made from a group of friends. Based from Cambridge checkpoint year 9 coursebook & workbook, Biology. The note is created from Docs and not edited. Please don't mind the illustration in this note. Hope it helps, I am going to sell it in low price since I don't know if it might help you or not.

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Workbook questions and answers will be given at the end of the notes!
The textbook questions and answers are something you don’t need to worry about : )

🦋 🦋
Why? I already added them in the notes!! xD
...

BY BUTTERFLY AND CHRISTINE SPINEL
(butterfly gave up after the decomposer part)




.

,🦋—--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
🫧PHOTOSYNTHESIS



● Process of plants making their own food
● Raw materials reactants are :
- Carbon dioxide (from air)
- Water (from soil)
- Glucose (main product)
- Oxygen (By product)
● WORD EQUATION




● Energy transfer of photosynthesis -> light energy to glucose,
chemical energy
● STORING CARBOHYDRATES
- Glucose is not directly stored in plants, because difficult to
be stored inside a cell at it is soluble in water
- Due to this, plants break down glucose into starch by
enzymes; starch is made of thousands of glucose
molecules linked together in a long chain

, - Starch molecules are too big to dissolve in water inside the

🫧
chloroplasts in a plant cell
TESTING LEAF FOR STARCH
● The solution is iodine solution to test for starch, benedict’s is for
testing sugar
● Step 1, boil some water in a beaker, put a leaf into it, to make
the cell membranes around the leaf break down
● Turn off your Bunsen Burner
● Collect some ethanol in a test tube, put a leaf into it to remove
the green color or pigment which is chlorophyll of the leaf
● Dip the leaf into the water to soften it
● Add iodine solution to the leaf, if the leaf contains starch, it’ll turn
blue black

🫧MINERAL SALTS FOR PLANTS
● Nitrate
- Functions :
Make proteins
Protein to make new cells
Make chlorophyll
- Deficiency
Can’t make enough new cells to grow well
Leaves will become yellow instead of green
Without chlorophyll, it cannot absorb energy from light of
the sun, so it is unable to photosynthesise -> cannot make
glucose or starch. It will not be able to get energy from the
substances for growth or to make new cells.
● Magnesium
- Functions :
To make chlorophyll
Helps plants to make chlorophyll

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