AU PSYC 304 FINAL EXAM (all 3
quizzes)
Consider the following statement, "If negative emotions cause aggression, and if frustration induces
negative emotion, then frustration must cause aggression." Which one of the following ways of knowing
does this statement illustrate? - ANSWER-Logic
Determinism is the doctrine that all events: - ANSWER-Are Caused
The fact that the order in which something occurs is important in establishing a cause and effect
relationship is called: - ANSWER-Temporal Precedence
Consider the following research title: "Cooperation among nursery school children under two types of
instruction." In this study, the independent variable is: - ANSWER-Type of Instruction
At a day care centre, a researcher asks children to list their five favourite toys from most favourite to
least favourite. What level of measurement is represented in this example? - ANSWER-Ordinal
An experiment in which the independent variable really caused the change in the dependent variable is
said to be high in __________ validity. - ANSWER-Internal
Which of the following potential threats to internal validity is a researcher concerned about when she
asks, "Have research participants with extreme scores on the variable of interest been pre-selected for
the study"? - ANSWER-Regression Effect
A between-subjects experiment is one in which each subject: - ANSWER-experiences only one of the
conditions.
Role demands are a source of: - ANSWER-Subject Bias
, What is the main purpose of matching? - ANSWER-to reduce initial differences between the
experimental and control groups on the dependent variable
Do Exercise 1.2: Identify Facts, Laws, and Theory on page 34 of Research Methods. (2 points) - ANSWER-
a.) Identify a statement in the paragraph that refers to theory
"One theory of hunger motivation says that the brain acts as a feedback mechanism, something like a
thermostat, that has a set point, or ideal weight, which our body strives to maintain."
b.) Identify a statement that may be considered a law and explain how it relates to the theory.
"rats that are fed a high-fat diet will reduce their weight after they return to their normal diets"
This statement builds trust in the theory because it acts like proof that the brain (which is the rat's brain)
does try to maintain an ideal weight when the rat's body weight is increased.
c.) Identify one statement of fact. How is the fact explained by the theory?
"he remembered that the weight he had put on over Christmas holidays went away after he returned to
college"
This statement is a fact since Juan knows that it is true. This may be explained by theory as it is an
indication that the brain is able to act as a thermostat to maintain a specific weight. To clarify, when Juan
went home for Christmas, his weight increased above his normal set point in which that was normal to
the body. However, when he returned back to college, Juan's brain worked to bring Juan's weight down
to his original weight. (the weight before Christmas)
Suggest an operational definition for each of the following constructs: (3 points) - ANSWER-Aggression
Aggression can be measured by how many times a participant clenches their fist in a study
Hunger
Hunger can be measured by the amount of times a participant inquires about when food will be
presented in a study during which researchers will not provide lunch until past 12 noon.
Intelligence
Intelligence can be measured using standardized IQ tests
Do Exercise 5.3: Identify Variables, on page 139 of Research Methods. (2 points) - ANSWER-a.) What is
(are) the independent variable(s)?
Psycholegal knowledge
b.) What were the levels (conditions) of the independent variables?
quizzes)
Consider the following statement, "If negative emotions cause aggression, and if frustration induces
negative emotion, then frustration must cause aggression." Which one of the following ways of knowing
does this statement illustrate? - ANSWER-Logic
Determinism is the doctrine that all events: - ANSWER-Are Caused
The fact that the order in which something occurs is important in establishing a cause and effect
relationship is called: - ANSWER-Temporal Precedence
Consider the following research title: "Cooperation among nursery school children under two types of
instruction." In this study, the independent variable is: - ANSWER-Type of Instruction
At a day care centre, a researcher asks children to list their five favourite toys from most favourite to
least favourite. What level of measurement is represented in this example? - ANSWER-Ordinal
An experiment in which the independent variable really caused the change in the dependent variable is
said to be high in __________ validity. - ANSWER-Internal
Which of the following potential threats to internal validity is a researcher concerned about when she
asks, "Have research participants with extreme scores on the variable of interest been pre-selected for
the study"? - ANSWER-Regression Effect
A between-subjects experiment is one in which each subject: - ANSWER-experiences only one of the
conditions.
Role demands are a source of: - ANSWER-Subject Bias
, What is the main purpose of matching? - ANSWER-to reduce initial differences between the
experimental and control groups on the dependent variable
Do Exercise 1.2: Identify Facts, Laws, and Theory on page 34 of Research Methods. (2 points) - ANSWER-
a.) Identify a statement in the paragraph that refers to theory
"One theory of hunger motivation says that the brain acts as a feedback mechanism, something like a
thermostat, that has a set point, or ideal weight, which our body strives to maintain."
b.) Identify a statement that may be considered a law and explain how it relates to the theory.
"rats that are fed a high-fat diet will reduce their weight after they return to their normal diets"
This statement builds trust in the theory because it acts like proof that the brain (which is the rat's brain)
does try to maintain an ideal weight when the rat's body weight is increased.
c.) Identify one statement of fact. How is the fact explained by the theory?
"he remembered that the weight he had put on over Christmas holidays went away after he returned to
college"
This statement is a fact since Juan knows that it is true. This may be explained by theory as it is an
indication that the brain is able to act as a thermostat to maintain a specific weight. To clarify, when Juan
went home for Christmas, his weight increased above his normal set point in which that was normal to
the body. However, when he returned back to college, Juan's brain worked to bring Juan's weight down
to his original weight. (the weight before Christmas)
Suggest an operational definition for each of the following constructs: (3 points) - ANSWER-Aggression
Aggression can be measured by how many times a participant clenches their fist in a study
Hunger
Hunger can be measured by the amount of times a participant inquires about when food will be
presented in a study during which researchers will not provide lunch until past 12 noon.
Intelligence
Intelligence can be measured using standardized IQ tests
Do Exercise 5.3: Identify Variables, on page 139 of Research Methods. (2 points) - ANSWER-a.) What is
(are) the independent variable(s)?
Psycholegal knowledge
b.) What were the levels (conditions) of the independent variables?
