CPCE Exam Questions with Complete Solutions

CPCE Exam Questions with Complete Solutions Erik Erikson's 8 stages of development - ANSWER trust vs mistrust, autonomy vs shame, initiative vs guilt, industry vs inferiority, identity vs diffusion, intimacy vs isolation, generativity vs self-absorption, integrity vs despair Freud's Psychoanalytic and Psychosexual Development Theory - ANSWER Two basic drives sex and aggression, 5 stages: oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital Oral Stage - ANSWER birth to 18 months Anal Stage - ANSWER 2 to 3 years Phallic Stage - ANSWER 3 to 5 years Latency Stage - ANSWER 6 years to puberty Genital Stage - ANSWER puberty to adulthood Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development - ANSWER schemas of assimilation, accommodation, and equilibration; stages sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development - ANSWER preconventional morality, conventional morality, post conventional morality Electra Complex - ANSWER same an oedipus complex but for girls, occurs during the phallic stage John Bowlby - ANSWER bonding with an adult before 3 years is vital, if not will cause abnormal behavior Harry Harlow - ANSWER worked with monkeys on attachment and believe it was innate, isolation lead to autistic abnormal behavior Konrad Lorenz - ANSWER imprinting ducks will follow the first moving object the see Critical Periods (Lorenz) - ANSWER certain behaviors must be learned at specific stages or they will not be learned at all Genotype - ANSWER genetic makeup of an organism Phenotype - ANSWER physical or biochemical characteristics determined by genetics and the environment Tabula Rasa - ANSWER John Locke, a child is born with an unformed mind that develops through experience, blank slate Plasticity - ANSWER the smooth transition from one stage of development to the next Human Development - ANSWER learning, cognitive, psychoanalytic, humanistic Levinson's The Seasons of a Man's Life - ANSWER book about study of adult males, life into 4 periods; preadulthood to 17 years, early adulthood starting at 17 to 22, middle adulthood starting at 40 to 45, older adult starting at 60 to 65, midlife crisis Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - ANSWER person must first satisfy basic needs (food/shelter) before higher needs (love/security) Gesell's Maturationist Theory - ANSWER development is a biological process independent from environmental influences Behaviorism Theory of Learning - ANSWER learning is a change of behavior caused by consequences of behaviors, Watson, Skinner, Thorndike Law of Effect (Thorndike) - ANSWER a behavior followed by a reward is is strengthened and more likely repeated Rogers - ANSWER person centered, people are eventually good, move toward self-actualization Berne - ANSWER transactional analysis, each person has 3 ego states, parent, adult, child