ATI Teas 6 – Science Questions and Answers 2023

ATI Teas 6 – Science Questions and Answers 2023 Cytoskeleton - movement Which of the following pairs correctly matches a cellular organelle with its function? A. Golgi apparatus- protein synthesis B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum- energy production C. Cytoskeleton - movement D. Cell membrane- storage The ribs are lateral to the sternum. Which of the following describes an anatomical relationship between two structures in the human body? A. The mouth is anterior to the nose. B. The ribs are lateral to the sternum. C. The patella is inferior to the tibia. D. Muscles are superficial to skin. Bone marrow Which of these organs is directly involved in synthesis of red blood cells in an adult? A. Liver B. Spleen C. Bone marrow D. Lymph nodes Blood becoming more alkaline At the end of a sprint, a runner breathes hard because the medulla oblongata senses which of the following? A. Low oxygen levels in the blood B. Low carbon dioxide levels in the blood C. Blood becoming more alkaline D. Blood becoming more acidic Reduction in residual volume of the lung Which of the following situations would result in increased oxygen diffusion from alveoli into blood? A. Increase in perfusion and decrease in ventilation B. Increase in oxygen concentration of blood C. Reduction in alveolar surface area D. Reduction in residual volume of the lung A. Walking pneumonia - 5 Mycoplasmic infection B. Cystic Fibrosis - 3 Gene Mutation C. Influenza - 1 Coronavirus D. Tuberculosis - 2 Mycobacterium E. Mycosis - 4 Fungus Match the following respiratory system effects to their most probable cause. A. Walking pneumonia 1. Coronavirus B. Cystic Fibrosis 2. Mycobacterium C. Influenza 3. Gene Mutation D. Tuberculosis 4. Fungus E. Mycosis 5. Mycoplasmic infection Generation of electrical impulses Which of the following describes a property of cardiac cells? A. Generation of electrical impulses B. Production of red blood cells C. Immune protection functions D. Removal of waste products from the body Antibodies Which of the following blood component levels would be expected to increase following vaccination? A. Red blood cells B. Antibodies C. Dissolved gasses D. Leukocytes A. The sinoatrial node is present in the top section of the right atrium. Which of the following statements regarding the circulatory system is correct? A. The sinoatrial node is present in the top section of the right atrium. B. Veins returning to the heart carry deoxygenated blood. C. The heart's "lub-dub" sound is caused by electrical impulse generation. D. The heart's atria have thicker walls than the ventricles. Peristalsis rate increases. Which of the following physiological responses follows eating a large meal? A. Pulse rate increases. B. Peristalsis rate increases. C. Enzyme production decreases. D. Parasympathetic nervous activity decreases. The liver filters digestion products and produces urea as waste. Which of the following describes why liver failure is a critical health emergency? A. The liver produces the majority of digestive enzymes. B. Food is filtered through the liver before digestion takes place. C. The liver helps digested food products to be pumped around the body. D. The liver filters digestion products and produces urea as waste. Salivary amylase Carbohydrate-digesting enzyme produced by salivary glands Pepsinogen Zymogen form of protease produced by the stomach Parietal cells Cells that produce acid in the stomach Pyloric sphincter Valve through which chyme passes from stomach to duodenum Gastrin Hormone produced by stomach that induces stomach secretion. Cholecystokinin Hormone that induces bile and pancreatic juice secertion. Jejunum Second section of small intestine where majority of absorption occurs. Hepatic portal vein Blood vessel that carries nutrients directly from small intestine to liver. Water Substance mainly absorbed from waste in large intestine. Rectum Region of large intestine in which feces is stored before elimination. Heart Beating Which of the following actions is controlled by the autonomic nervous system? A. Walking B. Chewing C. Heart Beating D. Talking Chemical Which of the following processes best describes how a signal travels across a nerve synapse? A. Electrical B. Kinetic C. Potential D. Chemical Protein What is the primary component of muscles? A. Fat B. Protein C. Carbohydrates D. Nucleic Acid Testes Which of the following organs produces sperm? A. Penis B. Testes C. Prostate D. Vas deferens Fallopian tubes Which of the following connects the ovaries and uterus? A. Vagina B. Cervix C. Vas deferens D. Fallopian tubes Ovaries In which of the following organs is estrogen primarily made? A. Testicles B. Uterus C. Scrotum D. Ovaries Epidermis Which of the following is the outermost layer of the skin? A. Dermis B. Sudoriferous C. Sebaceous D. Epidermis Blood Which of the following is not excreted through the integumentary system? A. Alcohol B. Minerals C. Blood D. Urea Blood vessel constriction Which of the following mechanisms is used when the body becomes too cold? A. Blood vessel dilation B. Sweating C. Blood vessel constriction D. Vitamin D production Chemical Which of the following describes the signal employed by the endocrine system? A. Electrical B. Chemical C. Physical D. Audio-visual Lung Which of the following is not a gland in the endocrine system? A. Pineal B. Hypothalamus C. Lung D. Ovary The gland synthesizes the hormone, which is released into the blood. The hormone then attaches to a receptor in or on the target gland or tissue to initiate a response. Describe how a gland sends a message: Kidney Which of the following organs function as part of the genitourinary system to maintain blood pressure? A. Heart B. Kidney C. Urinary bladder D. Ureter Urethra Which of the following parts of the genitourinary system also transports sperm? A. Kidney B. Ureter C. Urinary Bladder D. Urethra Kidney Which of the following organs filters blood and creates urine? A. Heart B. Urinary bladder C. Lungs D. Kidney Natural killer cells Which of the following are innate immune system cells that attack host cells harboring an intracellular pathogen? A. Natural killer cells B. Cytotoxic T-cells C. Plasma Cells D. Dendritic cells Cytokine-mediated inflammation Which of the following is a nonspecific immune response? A. Antibody secretion by plasma cells B. Cytokine secretion by T-cells C. Antigen recognition by B-cells D. Cytokine-mediated inflammation A. Innate:Leukocytes, Monocytes, Dendric cells, NK cells, Complement, Inflammation, Phagocytosis, Toll-like receptors, Interferons, PAMPs, Antimicrobial proteins, Physical barriers, Chemical secretions, Lysoyme B. Adaptive Immune System: Lymphocytes, B-cells, Cytotoxic T-cells, Plasma cells, Memory cells, Antibodies, Helper T-Cells Which terms are innate or adaptive immune system components. A. Leukocytes, Monocytes, Dendric cells, NK cells, Complement, Inflammation, Phagocytosis, Toll-like receptors, Interferons, PAMPs, Antimicrobial proteins, Physical barriers, Chemical secretions, Lysoyme B. Lymphocytes, B-cells, Cytotoxic T-cells, Plasma cells, Memory cells, Antibodies, Helper T-Cells Osteoclasts Which of the following cells is involved in mineral resorption from bone? A. Osteoclasts B. Osteoblasts C. Canaliculi D. Osteon Humerus and scapula Which of the following bones articulate at a synovial joint? A. Skull bones B. Radius and ulna C. Bones of the pubis D. Humerus and scapula Fats Breakdown of which of the following begins in the small intestine? A Protein B Fats C Fiber D Carbohydrates Adaptation Which of the following terms describes the increase in alleles that permits a species to survive and reproduce better in an environment from generation to generation? A DNA B Genetic drift C Mutation D Adaptation Sympathetic Which of the following nervous systems directs the body's fight-or-fight response? A Peripheral B Central C Parasympathetic D Sympathetic Numerical information Which of the following is used in quantitative investigations? A Sensory information B Numerical information C Phenomenological research D Ethnographic research high specific heat and high heat of vaporization Water undergoes relatively minor temperature and phase changes compared to other substances due to both its A low specific heat and low heat of vaporization. B low specific heat and high heat of vaporization. C high specific heat and low heat of vaporization. D high specific heat and high heat of vaporization C4H8 Which of the following is an example of hydrocarbons containing double bonds? A C2H6 B C4H8 C C6H10 D C8H12 Hypothesis, data, analysis Which of the following represents the correct order of the scientific process? A Hypothesis, data, analysis B Hypothesis, analysis, data C Data, hypothesis, analysis D Data, analysis, hypothesis Cardiovascular Which of the following organ systems supplies the body's cells with oxygen and nutrients? A Cardiovascular B Digestive C Nervous D Immune