Surgical Nursing

List the sites for intramuscular injections (include name the muscles used). -correct answers Ventrogluteal- 0-4mls Vastus lateratis- 5mls dorsogluteal- not used Deltoid- not over 4 mls The 3 principles of pain control are -correct answers 3 principles of chronic pain management Give the client as much control as possible Use a preventative approach, give before pain is bad Titrate to effect, desired effect with as few side effects as possible Intramuscular sites are -correct answers Intramuscular Sites Ventrogluteal site- preferred site- has fewer blood vessels, even fat distribution and remains relaxed even if patient is tense. Location: Right palm over left greater trochlear, index finger over anterior superior iliac spine, middle finger spread dorsally over iliac crest. Injection site is in the middle of triangle created. Vastus lateralis site- preferred site for infants and children. Located in middle two thirds of thigh. Dorsogluteal Deltoid Subcut sites are -correct answers Abdomen, buttocks, front and side of thigh Out and upper arm Dysuria -correct answers painful urination : Enteral Tubing -correct answers Used when the patient is unable to ingest food but is still able to digest and absorb nutrients. Feeding tubes can be inserted through: Nose (nasogastric or nasointestinal) Nasogastric- stomach nasointestinal -jujunum Short term - less than 4 weeks Dyspnoea: -correct answers shortness of breath or uncomfortable awareness of breathing Dysmenorrhoea: -correct answers Pain during menstruation that limits normal activity Nursing Interventions for nutrition -correct answers Nursing Intervention's Help stimulate appetite: minimise odours, oral hygiene, position, manage symptoms i.e. antiemetic, analgesia Adhere to preferences or restrictions Replace % fluid loss via oral, IVT, SCT Assist: meals/drinks, use special aids Provide alternatives/varieties, small versus large Identify or eliminate food intolerance, allergy Ensure adequate intake with activity Monitor weight, food/fluid intake and output (FBC), BGL for diabetes Health promotion with education Enteral Tube Complications -correct answers Aspiration - displacement, regurgitation or lying flat Diarrhoea - change in diet, mal absorption, Constipation- lack of movement or fibre