NERC SOS quiz questions and answers 2022/2023 with
complete solution
If a Balancing Authority does not comply with the Control Performance Standard,
the Balancing Authority is not permitted to provide which of the following for any
other Balancing Authority entities?
Regulation of other services related to control performance
1. It is the obligation of each Balancing Authority to fulfill its commitment to the
Interconnection and not ________ the other balancing Authorities in the
Interconnection
Burden
A Balancing Authority is performing Overlap Regulation Service for another
Balancing Authority. Which of the following statements applies to the Balancing
Authority providing this service?
The Balancing Authority's Frequency Bias Setting shall be modified to reflect the
combined Frequency Bias Setting of both Balancing Areas.
Balancing Authority A is currently reading a system frequency of 59.95 Hz. Its Net
Actual Interchange is +100 MW and its Net Scheduled Interchange is +200 MW. If
Balancing Authority A's frequency bias setting is 100 MW/0.1 Hz, Balancing
Authority A's AGC is pulsing its generators to do what?
Increase MW output
Which of the following is a Real-time measurement of a Balancing Authority's
control performance
BAAL
Each Balancing Authority shall monitor which of the following against two
standards: CPS1 and BAAL?
Control performance
In the calculating of CPS1, which of the below conditions would contribute to ta
favorable score?
Negative ACE when frequency is high,
positive ACE when frequency is low.
If the frequency bias setting is a higher value than the frequency response of a
Balancing Authority and a frequency decline is caused by a sudden loss of
generation is an external balancing area, what will be the result?
A- The ACE will be a negative value and AGC will increase generation
Which statement best describes the CPS1 requirement?
The Responsible Entity shall operate such that its CPS1 is greater than or equal to
100% for the preceding 12 month period.
To be in compliance with the BAL-001 requirements, a Balancing Authority must
have which of the following?
CPS1 greater than or equal to 100% and ACE does not exceed the BAAL more than 30
consecutive minutes
,Actual System Frequency (FA) is 60.03 Hz, a Balancing Authority is under-
generating slightly to prepare for an upcoming interchange transaction. What is
the Balancing Authority doing?
The BA is helping the Interconnection Frequency.
You are a Balancing Authority Operator. A neighboring Balancing Authority in the
Interconnection suddenly had a 500 MW generator to trip off line by generator
differential. What part of the ACE equation,
ACE = (NIA-NIS) - 10B (FA-FS) - IME, allows you and other Balancing Authorities
in the Interconnection to contribute to the stabilization of the Interconnection
frequency error?
10B (FA-FS)
In your Interconnection, a generator tripped that was large enough to reduce the
frequency from 60.000 Hz to 59.940 Hz. Your Balancing Authority's Frequency
Bias is 200 MW/0.1 Hz. How many MW would your system initially contribute to
frequency support?
120 MW
Which of the following would be a use of the IME portion of the ACE equation?
Represent flow of a tie line with an out of service meter.
What happens to the Balancing Authority ACE Limit (BAAL) when frequency
moves farther away from scheduled frequency?
The limit gets more restrictive.
How is the Frequency Response Obligation (FRO) of a Frequency Response
Sharing Group determined?
By adding the individual FRO's of each member.
A Balancing Authority has an ACE reading of -100MWs and frequency is 60.12 Hz.
Is the BA exceeding the BAAL?
No
A Balancing Authority that is a member of a Generation Reserve Sharing Group is
the Responsible Entity only in periods during which the Balancing Authority is
not in active status under the applicable agreement or the governing rules for the
Generation Reserve Sharing Group.
False
The minimum compliance for NERC DCS is
100% for all reportable disturbances.
A generator tripped in your Interconnection that was large enough to cause
frequency to drop to 59.950 Hz. Your Balancing Authority's Frequency Bias is 120
MW/0.1 Hz. How many MWs would your system initially contribute to frequency
support?
60 MWs
A Balancing Authority has a normal load of around 8500 MW. Its most severe
single contingency is a 700-MW coal-fired steam unit. At 0810 the ACE value was
at -55 MW when a 600-MW generator in the Balancing Authority's northern area
tripped off line as the result of a generator differential. This resulted in a large
negative ACE for the Balancing Authority. What value must the ACE return to and
in what time frame to avoid a DCS violation?
-55 MW ACE in 15 minutes
,How is the Frequency Response Measure (FRM) of a Balancing Authority
determined?
It is the median of the BA's frequency response for the frequency deviation events
identified by NERC for the previous year.
The Contingency Reserve Restoration period is ________.
ninety minutes
When does the Contingency Reserve Restoration Period begin?
At the end of the Disturbance Recovery Period.
A Balancing Authority has a normal load of around 8500 MW. Its most severe
single contingency is a 700-MW coal-fired steam unit. At 0810 the ACE value was
at -55 MW when a 600-MW generator in the Balancing Authority's northern area
tripped off line as the result of a generator differential. This resulted in a large
negative ACE for the Balancing Authority. What value must the ACE return to and
in what time frame to avoid a DCS violation?
-55 MW ACE in 15 minutes
A Balancing Authority's largest single contingency is a unit rated at 1,000 MW.
Which of the following disturbances would constitute a reportable disturbance for
DCS evaluation based on the NERC DCS criteria?
The loss of a 950 MW generating unit at 100%.
If a Reserve Sharing Group member has experienced a Reportable Disturbance
condition but does not call for reserve activation from other members, the entire
group shall still be considered to be in a disturbance condition.
False
Which of the following is a potential source of Contingency Reserve?
1. Offline generation that takes 10 minutes to start at full output.
2. Online generation at 100% capacity
3. Controllable load resources.
4. Voltage reductions.
1 and 3
The minimum compliance for NERC DCS is _____________?
100% for all reportable disturbances.
How is the Frequency Response Measure (FRM) of a Balancing Authority
determined?
It is the median of the BA's frequency response for the frequency deviation events
identified by NERC for the previous year.
In order to achieve sufficient Frequency Response, the Frequency Response
Measure (FRM) of a Balancing Authority or Frequency Response Sharing Group
must be:
Equal to or more negative than the Frequency Response Obligation (FRO)
A Balancing Authority is performing Overlap Regulation Service for another
Balancing Authority. Which of the following statements applies to the Balancing
Authority providing this service?
The Balancing Authority's Frequency Bias Setting shall be modified to reflect the
combined Frequency Bias Setting of both Balancing Areas.
Balancing Authority A is currently reading a system frequency of 59.95 Hz. Its Net
Actual Interchange is +100 MW and its Net Scheduled Interchange is +200 MW. If
, Balancing Authority A's frequency bias setting is 100 MW/0.1 Hz, Balancing
Authority A's AGC is pulsing its generators to do what?
Increase MW output
In order to achieve sufficient Frequency Response, the Frequency Response
Measure (FRM) of a Balancing Authority or Frequency Response Sharing Group
must be:
Equal to or more negative than the Frequency Response Obligation (FRO)
If the frequency bias setting is a higher value than the frequency response of a
Balancing Authority and a frequency decline is caused by a sudden loss of
generation is an external balancing area, what will be the result?
The ACE will be a negative value and AGC will increase generation
What is the primary purpose of governor dead band?
It prevents governors from operating when slight variations occur in the system's
frequency.
How is the Frequency Response Obligation (FRO) of a Frequency Response
Sharing Group determined?
By adding the individual FRO's of each member.
A portion of a Balancing Authority's EMS has gone down and the EMS can no
longer calculate ACE. According to NERC, how long can a Balancing Authority
operate without the ability to calculate ACE before notifying its Reliability
Coordinator?
30 minutes
What type of service is a method of providing regulation in which the providing
Balancing Authority incorporates all of the other Balancing Authorities tie lines,
frequency response, and schedules into its own AGC/ACE equation?
Overlap regulation service
According to NERC, by the end of the business day following the actual
operation, two adjacent Balancing Authorities must agree upon what values with
regard to inadvertent interchange?
1.) The hourly values of Net Interchange Schedule
2.) The hourly values of each Interchange Transaction
3.) The hourly integrated megawatt-hour values of individual interconnecting tie
lines
4.) The hourly integrated megawatt-hour values of Net Actual Interchange
1 and 4 only
Inadvertent power flow is a natural occurrence in an Interconnection. Which
characteristic would minimize inadvertent power flow?
Correct interchange schedules and meters that are maintained and kept accurate
NERC requires that each Balancing Authority perform tie line flow error checks
using MWh meters associated with each tie line every ______ to determine the
accuracy of its control equipment.
hour
Automatic Generation Control uses the ACE equation to...
minimize Inadvertent Interchange among Balancing Authority areas
provide frequency support for the Interconnection
complete solution
If a Balancing Authority does not comply with the Control Performance Standard,
the Balancing Authority is not permitted to provide which of the following for any
other Balancing Authority entities?
Regulation of other services related to control performance
1. It is the obligation of each Balancing Authority to fulfill its commitment to the
Interconnection and not ________ the other balancing Authorities in the
Interconnection
Burden
A Balancing Authority is performing Overlap Regulation Service for another
Balancing Authority. Which of the following statements applies to the Balancing
Authority providing this service?
The Balancing Authority's Frequency Bias Setting shall be modified to reflect the
combined Frequency Bias Setting of both Balancing Areas.
Balancing Authority A is currently reading a system frequency of 59.95 Hz. Its Net
Actual Interchange is +100 MW and its Net Scheduled Interchange is +200 MW. If
Balancing Authority A's frequency bias setting is 100 MW/0.1 Hz, Balancing
Authority A's AGC is pulsing its generators to do what?
Increase MW output
Which of the following is a Real-time measurement of a Balancing Authority's
control performance
BAAL
Each Balancing Authority shall monitor which of the following against two
standards: CPS1 and BAAL?
Control performance
In the calculating of CPS1, which of the below conditions would contribute to ta
favorable score?
Negative ACE when frequency is high,
positive ACE when frequency is low.
If the frequency bias setting is a higher value than the frequency response of a
Balancing Authority and a frequency decline is caused by a sudden loss of
generation is an external balancing area, what will be the result?
A- The ACE will be a negative value and AGC will increase generation
Which statement best describes the CPS1 requirement?
The Responsible Entity shall operate such that its CPS1 is greater than or equal to
100% for the preceding 12 month period.
To be in compliance with the BAL-001 requirements, a Balancing Authority must
have which of the following?
CPS1 greater than or equal to 100% and ACE does not exceed the BAAL more than 30
consecutive minutes
,Actual System Frequency (FA) is 60.03 Hz, a Balancing Authority is under-
generating slightly to prepare for an upcoming interchange transaction. What is
the Balancing Authority doing?
The BA is helping the Interconnection Frequency.
You are a Balancing Authority Operator. A neighboring Balancing Authority in the
Interconnection suddenly had a 500 MW generator to trip off line by generator
differential. What part of the ACE equation,
ACE = (NIA-NIS) - 10B (FA-FS) - IME, allows you and other Balancing Authorities
in the Interconnection to contribute to the stabilization of the Interconnection
frequency error?
10B (FA-FS)
In your Interconnection, a generator tripped that was large enough to reduce the
frequency from 60.000 Hz to 59.940 Hz. Your Balancing Authority's Frequency
Bias is 200 MW/0.1 Hz. How many MW would your system initially contribute to
frequency support?
120 MW
Which of the following would be a use of the IME portion of the ACE equation?
Represent flow of a tie line with an out of service meter.
What happens to the Balancing Authority ACE Limit (BAAL) when frequency
moves farther away from scheduled frequency?
The limit gets more restrictive.
How is the Frequency Response Obligation (FRO) of a Frequency Response
Sharing Group determined?
By adding the individual FRO's of each member.
A Balancing Authority has an ACE reading of -100MWs and frequency is 60.12 Hz.
Is the BA exceeding the BAAL?
No
A Balancing Authority that is a member of a Generation Reserve Sharing Group is
the Responsible Entity only in periods during which the Balancing Authority is
not in active status under the applicable agreement or the governing rules for the
Generation Reserve Sharing Group.
False
The minimum compliance for NERC DCS is
100% for all reportable disturbances.
A generator tripped in your Interconnection that was large enough to cause
frequency to drop to 59.950 Hz. Your Balancing Authority's Frequency Bias is 120
MW/0.1 Hz. How many MWs would your system initially contribute to frequency
support?
60 MWs
A Balancing Authority has a normal load of around 8500 MW. Its most severe
single contingency is a 700-MW coal-fired steam unit. At 0810 the ACE value was
at -55 MW when a 600-MW generator in the Balancing Authority's northern area
tripped off line as the result of a generator differential. This resulted in a large
negative ACE for the Balancing Authority. What value must the ACE return to and
in what time frame to avoid a DCS violation?
-55 MW ACE in 15 minutes
,How is the Frequency Response Measure (FRM) of a Balancing Authority
determined?
It is the median of the BA's frequency response for the frequency deviation events
identified by NERC for the previous year.
The Contingency Reserve Restoration period is ________.
ninety minutes
When does the Contingency Reserve Restoration Period begin?
At the end of the Disturbance Recovery Period.
A Balancing Authority has a normal load of around 8500 MW. Its most severe
single contingency is a 700-MW coal-fired steam unit. At 0810 the ACE value was
at -55 MW when a 600-MW generator in the Balancing Authority's northern area
tripped off line as the result of a generator differential. This resulted in a large
negative ACE for the Balancing Authority. What value must the ACE return to and
in what time frame to avoid a DCS violation?
-55 MW ACE in 15 minutes
A Balancing Authority's largest single contingency is a unit rated at 1,000 MW.
Which of the following disturbances would constitute a reportable disturbance for
DCS evaluation based on the NERC DCS criteria?
The loss of a 950 MW generating unit at 100%.
If a Reserve Sharing Group member has experienced a Reportable Disturbance
condition but does not call for reserve activation from other members, the entire
group shall still be considered to be in a disturbance condition.
False
Which of the following is a potential source of Contingency Reserve?
1. Offline generation that takes 10 minutes to start at full output.
2. Online generation at 100% capacity
3. Controllable load resources.
4. Voltage reductions.
1 and 3
The minimum compliance for NERC DCS is _____________?
100% for all reportable disturbances.
How is the Frequency Response Measure (FRM) of a Balancing Authority
determined?
It is the median of the BA's frequency response for the frequency deviation events
identified by NERC for the previous year.
In order to achieve sufficient Frequency Response, the Frequency Response
Measure (FRM) of a Balancing Authority or Frequency Response Sharing Group
must be:
Equal to or more negative than the Frequency Response Obligation (FRO)
A Balancing Authority is performing Overlap Regulation Service for another
Balancing Authority. Which of the following statements applies to the Balancing
Authority providing this service?
The Balancing Authority's Frequency Bias Setting shall be modified to reflect the
combined Frequency Bias Setting of both Balancing Areas.
Balancing Authority A is currently reading a system frequency of 59.95 Hz. Its Net
Actual Interchange is +100 MW and its Net Scheduled Interchange is +200 MW. If
, Balancing Authority A's frequency bias setting is 100 MW/0.1 Hz, Balancing
Authority A's AGC is pulsing its generators to do what?
Increase MW output
In order to achieve sufficient Frequency Response, the Frequency Response
Measure (FRM) of a Balancing Authority or Frequency Response Sharing Group
must be:
Equal to or more negative than the Frequency Response Obligation (FRO)
If the frequency bias setting is a higher value than the frequency response of a
Balancing Authority and a frequency decline is caused by a sudden loss of
generation is an external balancing area, what will be the result?
The ACE will be a negative value and AGC will increase generation
What is the primary purpose of governor dead band?
It prevents governors from operating when slight variations occur in the system's
frequency.
How is the Frequency Response Obligation (FRO) of a Frequency Response
Sharing Group determined?
By adding the individual FRO's of each member.
A portion of a Balancing Authority's EMS has gone down and the EMS can no
longer calculate ACE. According to NERC, how long can a Balancing Authority
operate without the ability to calculate ACE before notifying its Reliability
Coordinator?
30 minutes
What type of service is a method of providing regulation in which the providing
Balancing Authority incorporates all of the other Balancing Authorities tie lines,
frequency response, and schedules into its own AGC/ACE equation?
Overlap regulation service
According to NERC, by the end of the business day following the actual
operation, two adjacent Balancing Authorities must agree upon what values with
regard to inadvertent interchange?
1.) The hourly values of Net Interchange Schedule
2.) The hourly values of each Interchange Transaction
3.) The hourly integrated megawatt-hour values of individual interconnecting tie
lines
4.) The hourly integrated megawatt-hour values of Net Actual Interchange
1 and 4 only
Inadvertent power flow is a natural occurrence in an Interconnection. Which
characteristic would minimize inadvertent power flow?
Correct interchange schedules and meters that are maintained and kept accurate
NERC requires that each Balancing Authority perform tie line flow error checks
using MWh meters associated with each tie line every ______ to determine the
accuracy of its control equipment.
hour
Automatic Generation Control uses the ACE equation to...
minimize Inadvertent Interchange among Balancing Authority areas
provide frequency support for the Interconnection
