Chapter 7: Microbiology (TEST BANK)
Questions & Answers
A bacterial genome is typically
A) a single linear piece of DNA.
B) multiple linear pieces of DNA.
C) a linear RNA molecule.
D) a single circular DNA molecule.
E) multiple circular DNA molecules. - ANSWER-D) a single circular DNA molecule.
Which of the following is found at the 5' end of a DNA strand?
A) a phosphate group
B) a hydrogen bond
C) a hydroxyl group
D) histones
E) a methyl group - ANSWER-A) a phosphate group
The bacterial chromosome is
A) usually found in the cytoplasm.
B) found in a nucleoid.
C) found in a nucleus.
D) both circular and found in a nucleoid.
E) both circular and found in a nucleus. - ANSWER-D) both circular and found in a nucleoid.
Which of the following types of plasmids allows a bacterial cell to kill its competitors?
A) virulence plasmids
B) fertility plasmids
,C) bacteriocin plasmids
D) resistance plasmids
E) cryptic plasmids - ANSWER-C) bacteriocin plasmids
Which of the following is found in both archaeal and eukaryotic genomes?
A) chromatin fibers
B) histones
C) heterochromatin
D) euchromatin
E) nuclear envelope - ANSWER-B) histones
Which of the following statements is true of bacterial plasmids?
A) They are always found in the nucleoid.
B) They can replicate autonomously.
C) They carry genes for essential metabolic functions.
D) They are small circular DNA molecules.
E) They are small circular DNA molecules that can replicate autonomously. - ANSWER-E) They are small
circular DNA molecules that can replicate autonomously.
The process indicated by the arrow in Figure 7.1 represents
A) lagging strand synthesis.
B) leading strand synthesis.
C) transcription.
D) translation.
E) recombination. - ANSWER-A) lagging strand synthesis.
Which of the following statements concerning transcription in bacteria is FALSE?
A) It occurs in the nucleoid region.
B) Sigma factors are parts of RNA polymerase that recognize promoter regions.
, C) Different RNA polymerases are required for synthesis of mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA.
D) Termination is either self-induced or due to the presence of Rho protein.
E) There are a variety of sigma factors that affect transcription. - ANSWER-C) Different RNA polymerases
are required for synthesis of mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA.
Which of the following is involved in translation?
A) rRNA only
B) tRNA only
C) mRNA only
D) both mRNA and tRNA
E) mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA are all involved. - ANSWER-E) mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA are all involved.
Which of the following is a characteristic shared by DNA and RNA polymerases?
A) efficiency of proofreading
B) type of nucleotides used
C) direction of polymerization
D) speed
E) dependence on helicase - ANSWER-C) direction of polymerization
Typical eukaryotic genomes are composed of ________ chromosomes.
A) multiple linear
B) multiple circular
C) a single circular
D) a single linear
E) both linear and circular - ANSWER-A) multiple linear
DNA is composed of four nucleotides, A, C, G and T. Each codon is composed of three nucleotides. The
number of possible codons is
A) 16.
Questions & Answers
A bacterial genome is typically
A) a single linear piece of DNA.
B) multiple linear pieces of DNA.
C) a linear RNA molecule.
D) a single circular DNA molecule.
E) multiple circular DNA molecules. - ANSWER-D) a single circular DNA molecule.
Which of the following is found at the 5' end of a DNA strand?
A) a phosphate group
B) a hydrogen bond
C) a hydroxyl group
D) histones
E) a methyl group - ANSWER-A) a phosphate group
The bacterial chromosome is
A) usually found in the cytoplasm.
B) found in a nucleoid.
C) found in a nucleus.
D) both circular and found in a nucleoid.
E) both circular and found in a nucleus. - ANSWER-D) both circular and found in a nucleoid.
Which of the following types of plasmids allows a bacterial cell to kill its competitors?
A) virulence plasmids
B) fertility plasmids
,C) bacteriocin plasmids
D) resistance plasmids
E) cryptic plasmids - ANSWER-C) bacteriocin plasmids
Which of the following is found in both archaeal and eukaryotic genomes?
A) chromatin fibers
B) histones
C) heterochromatin
D) euchromatin
E) nuclear envelope - ANSWER-B) histones
Which of the following statements is true of bacterial plasmids?
A) They are always found in the nucleoid.
B) They can replicate autonomously.
C) They carry genes for essential metabolic functions.
D) They are small circular DNA molecules.
E) They are small circular DNA molecules that can replicate autonomously. - ANSWER-E) They are small
circular DNA molecules that can replicate autonomously.
The process indicated by the arrow in Figure 7.1 represents
A) lagging strand synthesis.
B) leading strand synthesis.
C) transcription.
D) translation.
E) recombination. - ANSWER-A) lagging strand synthesis.
Which of the following statements concerning transcription in bacteria is FALSE?
A) It occurs in the nucleoid region.
B) Sigma factors are parts of RNA polymerase that recognize promoter regions.
, C) Different RNA polymerases are required for synthesis of mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA.
D) Termination is either self-induced or due to the presence of Rho protein.
E) There are a variety of sigma factors that affect transcription. - ANSWER-C) Different RNA polymerases
are required for synthesis of mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA.
Which of the following is involved in translation?
A) rRNA only
B) tRNA only
C) mRNA only
D) both mRNA and tRNA
E) mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA are all involved. - ANSWER-E) mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA are all involved.
Which of the following is a characteristic shared by DNA and RNA polymerases?
A) efficiency of proofreading
B) type of nucleotides used
C) direction of polymerization
D) speed
E) dependence on helicase - ANSWER-C) direction of polymerization
Typical eukaryotic genomes are composed of ________ chromosomes.
A) multiple linear
B) multiple circular
C) a single circular
D) a single linear
E) both linear and circular - ANSWER-A) multiple linear
DNA is composed of four nucleotides, A, C, G and T. Each codon is composed of three nucleotides. The
number of possible codons is
A) 16.
