NURS 5335CV/LIFE SPAN AND VASCULAR STUDY GUIDE FNP2 - Module 5 Study Guide

CV/LIFE SPAN AND VASCULAR STUDY GUIDE PEDI CAD What are causes of CP in children? Palpitations? ● Chest pain in children ○ Most common = Costochondritis (inflammation in the joint between the breastbone and ribs s/t viral illness or coughing) ○ Asthma ○ stress/anxiety ○ Acid reflux ● Palpitations? ○ Causes  Dehydration  Poor physical conditioning  Startled, frightened or stressed  Cold, allergies, or asthma medication ○ Red flags  anemia  thyroid issues  arrhythmias What is exercise associated collapse? ● Endurance running ● Endurance sports What is long QT syndrome? ● Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a heart rhythm condition that can potentially cause fast, chaotic heartbeats. These rapid heartbeats might trigger a sudden fainting spell or seizure. In some cases, the heart can beat erratically for so long that it causes sudden death. ● You can have a genetic mutation that puts you at risk of being born with congenital long QT syndrome. In addition, certain medications, imbalances of the body's salts and minerals (electrolyte abnormalities), and medical conditions might cause acquired long QT syndrome. What is ASD? VSD? PDA? What are signs and symptoms of each? ● Atrial Septal Defect: hole between the heart’s upper chambers (atria). ● Ventricular Septal Defect: hole between the heart’s lower chambers (ventricles). ● Patent Ductus Arteriosus: unclosed hole in the aorta (open in utero, should close after birth). Atrial Septal Defect, Ventricular Septal Defect, Patent Ductus Arteriosus: ● Acyanotic Lesions: L → R shunting = too much blood through lungs ● Think CHF (right sided failure) and pulmonary edema! ● Repeated respiratory infection ● Failure to thrive ● + Murmur ● Signs and symptoms of CHF ○ Tachypnea ○ Tachycardia ○ Sweating with feeds – Irritable