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Samenvatting Kennistoets 4: Anatomie en Fysiologie (leerjaar 1, kwartiel 4)

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In dit document staan alle leerdoelen van kennistoets 4: Anatomie en Fysiologie uitgewerkt. Hierbij is gebruik gemaakt van de behandelde colleges en Powerpoints. Daarnaast is er literatuur gebruikt ter ondersteuning. Ik heb zelf een 8 gehaald voor deze toets!

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,Inhoudsopgave
Anatomie schoudergordel ............................................................................................................... 3

Anatomie schoudergewricht......................................................................................................... 11

Anatomie elleboog .......................................................................................................................... 17

Anatomie onderarm-pols-hand .................................................................................................. 25

Ademhaling I ..................................................................................................................................... 35

Ademhaling II .................................................................................................................................... 52

Bloedsomloop I ................................................................................................................................. 55

Bloedsomloop II ................................................................................................................................ 63

Spijsvertering .................................................................................................................................... 67

Inleiding inspanningsfysiologie ................................................................................................... 74

Veroudering II ................................................................................................................................... 83

,Anatomie schoudergordel
Osteologie

• Sternum
• Clavicula
• Scapula
• Humerus




Het sternum
• Manubrium sterni
- Incisura jugularis sternoclaviculaire gewrichten
- Incisura clavicularis sternocostale gewrichten


• Angulus sterni


• Corpus sterni
- Incisurae costales


• Processus xiphoideus




De clavicula




Facies articularis sternalis – aanhechting sternum

Extremitas sternalis – uiteinde clavicula naar sternum toe

Facies articularis acromialis – gewrichtsvlak met het acromion

Extremitas acromialis – uiteinde clavicula dat naar het acromion toewijst

Corpus claviculae – grootste middelste gedeelte

, De scapula

ventraal lateraal dorsaal




Fossa
subscapularis
- concaaf




Er zitten een aantal randen aan:
- Margo medialis
- Margo lateralis
- Margo superior (moeilijk te palperen)


Aan laterale zijde zit het cavitas glenoidalis, de kom van het schoudergewricht. Daar boven vind je de
processus coracoideus (steekt naar voren toe aan ventrale zijde, kun je palperen). Op het linker plaatje
zie je aan de dorsale zijde nog net het acromion tevoorschijn komen. Het acromion is het uiteinde van
de spina scapula (rechter plaatje).


Er zijn ook hoeken aanwezig:
- Angulus superior
- Angulus inferior


Bij het middelste plaatje kijk je als het ware in de gewrichtskom (cavitas glenoidalis).



Processus coracoideus
(‘bek van een kraai)

Fossa supraspinatus

Boven de cavitas glenoidalis zit nog
een tuberculum supraglenoidalis –
zit aanhechtingsplaats voor lange kop
van musculus biceps
Processus coracoideus
Onder de cavitas glenoidalis zit het
tuberculum infraglenoidalis –
aanhechtingsplaats triceps brachii

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