Biochemistry
Rapid Revision KROK I
Minna Mamik
@ Medic Mukul
, Minna Mamik Monohydrofoic ->
Tetzahydrof. -DNA
↑
Steatorchea
1) -
Fat instoo (Fat Bile] =
Dihydrofolate
7) Reductase =) helps in DNA Synthesis c Mononudeoti
Synthes
Biliary Tre Requires Bar Follic Acid
->
as cofacto
inhibited Methotrexate
->
by Dag
Bite is secreted ↳inhibits DNASyn. &Bg
liver
by Inhibits
Anti-Cancer
MAF- THE
drug
=>
Bile is stad & 0) Amatidine present =
in Mushroom, Causes
Mushroompoisining
↑
i n Gall
concentzate
(Death (up) Inhibits RNA
polymerase II (inhibits transcription)
->
Bladder
9)Porphyria/Vampire
disease HEME
-
Synthesis
concentzate
stage of De maisicatesphinter te
-
open dag
->
takes place in Mitochondria &
Cytoplasm of liver
Bile ing of oddi
Duodenum URopophyzinogen co-II
Synthase enzyme deficien
->
on
A Maja papillae 4 U-p-co-
->
Pink wine
<opening)
Longitudinal
Folds present 10) Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy - Wheel chair
disease
Bile ductobstruction -
Bile problem =
NO FAT ↳ Absence of Dysteophin & Creatine Kinase 4tmm
↓
Beckers Muscular
O FAT ABSORPTION
N
↓
11) Dystrophy -
Bad
Dystrophin
Becomes 1 Fat Soluble Vitamin Messengel
10 hormones =
Essential (cannot absorb) ba that dus wat Pa
(musttake i it
A, D, E, K 12) Secondary Messengen [Amp] (transpat harmones from
(watchmen) 1-CAMP-Lipase,
-
etc. membrane to nucleur m
2) Galactosemia individual not able to metabolize Galactose 2 cGMD-NitricOxide & Azterial Natudic Fadez
-
-
(AN
A
Genetic Disorder-Galactose I phosphate Uridy Transferase 3-1P3 -
Iositol Tiphosphok (uses Cat
↳ (deficiency) ↳
Typical Galactosemia ee
Angioten Is
cause used
by e.g. Epinehren
O
Classical Galactosemia 7 -
Di
acys glycand in vasoconstride
ves
-> Oil Drop Catart is seen
3) Eructosemia Aldolase
Benzyme deficiency [FAB] B3) DNA Enzymes
=
n
mainly liven, kidney & intestine 1 Helicase
unwinding the 2 strands
->
in -
->
4)
Glycogenesis ->
Synthesis of Glycogen (Branched 2-Topoisomerase -
Super Colling
Basal alle
polysacharide a
storage form in animals)
3-ligase -
Helps in
joining Con dissue
genesis -
farming ↓ ↓
lysis-breakdown
->
Enzyme;Glysogen Synthese 4 - Endonuclease - DNA Repair
Regeneration
Insulin stimulates ↳ Endonuclease
->
glycogenesis, activates deficiency cause Xenoderma
pigmentosa
↳ Glucose
↓ By UV-midiation.
5) Glycogenolysis Breakdown of Glycogen (4) Phospholipase A2-> helps in Azachinoidic Acid
Synthesis
-
From phospholipids through Cox &
goes
->
Enzyme; Glycogen phosphaylase [Gp] 15) Antioxidants Lox
pathway
->
Glucagon stimulates Glycogendysis Vitamins - VitA
AsCE
MC ARDLES Disease
Deficiency
=
of GP in Muscles vit C
↳
types glucogen stage
disease vitE (mostpotent antioxidant)
HER'S Disease
Deficiency
=
of Gp in liver (type 6)
Proteins -
1 Transferrin (transport
iron fel
C42+
6) Gluconeogenesis -
Formation of Glucose from other than Carbo- 2 Guloplasmin staes & transpats
copper from li
hydrate of body
into bloodstream to part
->
enzyme;
Glucose 6 phosphatase (mainly present ↳ deficiency-> Wilson Disease
in liver go-g5y)
VON GIRKE
Disease 3 Albumin-> most Abudant protein Blood
Type Iglucogen stage disease sy.
kidney in
-
->
Absence of Glucose 6 phosphatase ↳ fluid from leaking out of bloodves
prevent
&transpats, hamones, vit & enzymes
4 Glutathione detoxification->
, Enzymes 1
Super Oxide Dismudase Q incase of Wound, Oxidative
Recaboxylation -
Scoenzymes used
we will use H202 ↓
Liberate CO2
2
Hydrogen penoxidase <
(Thiamine
Tpp pyrophosphate) B,
Catalase
Hase, H20+02 >COA
(in skin)
①
3 active fam of Bs
↓ 00
fams bubbles
4 Glutadhione Denoxidase =
>lipoamide (lipoic Acid) -
inhibited
by
of bact.
anemy Sodium Azsenat
3 Glutathione Reductase >NAD Be
+
an >FAD
septic
B2
↳ Examples; alls-I
↓use
16) Blocked
ATP
=>Resting Membrane Potential will disappear Pyzuvate
Dehydrogenese complex (PDC)
Branched chain Kedo
17)
Jaundice Dehydrogenase(BckD
of Alpha keto Glutamate
Hemolytic jaundice -
Breakdown RBC
Dehydrogenase (A-kGDH
Aka prchepadic jaundice
I ·Unconjugated/indirect / Non soluble
Bildwin Enzymes &
Prosthetic Go
t
- Dack stod/Feces & Uzine Mostcommon -> Metals
(morganic ions)
Hepatic jaundice -
UDP Glucozyne Transferase enzyme e.g Tyzosinase
-
Cult
conjugation ↓
in liver
Cunconjugated J.) deficiency convents indirectbillizbin Carbonic anhydrase - Int
into direct bilizubin
Int
Carboxypeptidase -
↳
e.g. Crigle Najlar Lyndrome Tratment Metalloenzymes CAg
phenobabitol
Carbonic
anhydrase
Obstructive
a Mechanical
Jaundice -
AKA
↳ ediology:Cholelidhiasis (FAT in stock) gallbladen
Posthepatic].
stone
Carboxy peptidase
Alcholo
Dehydrogenese
I all
enzymes
/
need en2t
Alkaline
-> Ma
Conjugated/soluble/Direct Billizubin phosphatase
. Ala Dehydrogenase
10) Methylation -
Done
by Methionine (Amino Acid) >Lactate
Dehydeogenase
(Methylatingagentasphetic
and Choline.
( Absence heads liven. >Kinases
I
to
->
Fatty Choline(
>Mutases need
Mgation
19) Carbon Labelled Glucose -
Palmitic Acid CIS
aids
Fabdy
Carbon
compounds
S Enolases
Glucose 6-phosphate
-
~
20) Enzymes -
Allenzymes are
proteins except Ribozymes
2
Apoenzyme -
of enzymes
proteinous part ~Tyzosinase
Cofacta, Coenzymes, prosthetic group Non
-
proteinous <Cytochrome Coxidase (complex(v)
part
Holoenzyme ->
protein Non
+
protein
part Lysyl oxidase all need
~
cuztion
Superoxide dismutase cooper
D
Enzymes &
Coenzymes By By
vitB, -Tpp >L- amino oxidase
D Dehydrogenase -
NAD+, FAD B -
FDP
By NAD
2) Kinases anthine
-
ATP X Oxidase
2
-
toofan
Transketolase (B,) sulfide
~allnedee
3) - Thiamine , Oxidase
BI
Carboxylase Biotin, VitH, ATP
4) -
>Dinitzogenase
5) Decarboxylase
↳ Simple Decarboxylation -
PLP (vitBs)
Histamine & GABA Synthesis
e.g
->
Histadine Histamine
Minna Mamik ,
Rapid Revision KROK I
Minna Mamik
@ Medic Mukul
, Minna Mamik Monohydrofoic ->
Tetzahydrof. -DNA
↑
Steatorchea
1) -
Fat instoo (Fat Bile] =
Dihydrofolate
7) Reductase =) helps in DNA Synthesis c Mononudeoti
Synthes
Biliary Tre Requires Bar Follic Acid
->
as cofacto
inhibited Methotrexate
->
by Dag
Bite is secreted ↳inhibits DNASyn. &Bg
liver
by Inhibits
Anti-Cancer
MAF- THE
drug
=>
Bile is stad & 0) Amatidine present =
in Mushroom, Causes
Mushroompoisining
↑
i n Gall
concentzate
(Death (up) Inhibits RNA
polymerase II (inhibits transcription)
->
Bladder
9)Porphyria/Vampire
disease HEME
-
Synthesis
concentzate
stage of De maisicatesphinter te
-
open dag
->
takes place in Mitochondria &
Cytoplasm of liver
Bile ing of oddi
Duodenum URopophyzinogen co-II
Synthase enzyme deficien
->
on
A Maja papillae 4 U-p-co-
->
Pink wine
<opening)
Longitudinal
Folds present 10) Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy - Wheel chair
disease
Bile ductobstruction -
Bile problem =
NO FAT ↳ Absence of Dysteophin & Creatine Kinase 4tmm
↓
Beckers Muscular
O FAT ABSORPTION
N
↓
11) Dystrophy -
Bad
Dystrophin
Becomes 1 Fat Soluble Vitamin Messengel
10 hormones =
Essential (cannot absorb) ba that dus wat Pa
(musttake i it
A, D, E, K 12) Secondary Messengen [Amp] (transpat harmones from
(watchmen) 1-CAMP-Lipase,
-
etc. membrane to nucleur m
2) Galactosemia individual not able to metabolize Galactose 2 cGMD-NitricOxide & Azterial Natudic Fadez
-
-
(AN
A
Genetic Disorder-Galactose I phosphate Uridy Transferase 3-1P3 -
Iositol Tiphosphok (uses Cat
↳ (deficiency) ↳
Typical Galactosemia ee
Angioten Is
cause used
by e.g. Epinehren
O
Classical Galactosemia 7 -
Di
acys glycand in vasoconstride
ves
-> Oil Drop Catart is seen
3) Eructosemia Aldolase
Benzyme deficiency [FAB] B3) DNA Enzymes
=
n
mainly liven, kidney & intestine 1 Helicase
unwinding the 2 strands
->
in -
->
4)
Glycogenesis ->
Synthesis of Glycogen (Branched 2-Topoisomerase -
Super Colling
Basal alle
polysacharide a
storage form in animals)
3-ligase -
Helps in
joining Con dissue
genesis -
farming ↓ ↓
lysis-breakdown
->
Enzyme;Glysogen Synthese 4 - Endonuclease - DNA Repair
Regeneration
Insulin stimulates ↳ Endonuclease
->
glycogenesis, activates deficiency cause Xenoderma
pigmentosa
↳ Glucose
↓ By UV-midiation.
5) Glycogenolysis Breakdown of Glycogen (4) Phospholipase A2-> helps in Azachinoidic Acid
Synthesis
-
From phospholipids through Cox &
goes
->
Enzyme; Glycogen phosphaylase [Gp] 15) Antioxidants Lox
pathway
->
Glucagon stimulates Glycogendysis Vitamins - VitA
AsCE
MC ARDLES Disease
Deficiency
=
of GP in Muscles vit C
↳
types glucogen stage
disease vitE (mostpotent antioxidant)
HER'S Disease
Deficiency
=
of Gp in liver (type 6)
Proteins -
1 Transferrin (transport
iron fel
C42+
6) Gluconeogenesis -
Formation of Glucose from other than Carbo- 2 Guloplasmin staes & transpats
copper from li
hydrate of body
into bloodstream to part
->
enzyme;
Glucose 6 phosphatase (mainly present ↳ deficiency-> Wilson Disease
in liver go-g5y)
VON GIRKE
Disease 3 Albumin-> most Abudant protein Blood
Type Iglucogen stage disease sy.
kidney in
-
->
Absence of Glucose 6 phosphatase ↳ fluid from leaking out of bloodves
prevent
&transpats, hamones, vit & enzymes
4 Glutathione detoxification->
, Enzymes 1
Super Oxide Dismudase Q incase of Wound, Oxidative
Recaboxylation -
Scoenzymes used
we will use H202 ↓
Liberate CO2
2
Hydrogen penoxidase <
(Thiamine
Tpp pyrophosphate) B,
Catalase
Hase, H20+02 >COA
(in skin)
①
3 active fam of Bs
↓ 00
fams bubbles
4 Glutadhione Denoxidase =
>lipoamide (lipoic Acid) -
inhibited
by
of bact.
anemy Sodium Azsenat
3 Glutathione Reductase >NAD Be
+
an >FAD
septic
B2
↳ Examples; alls-I
↓use
16) Blocked
ATP
=>Resting Membrane Potential will disappear Pyzuvate
Dehydrogenese complex (PDC)
Branched chain Kedo
17)
Jaundice Dehydrogenase(BckD
of Alpha keto Glutamate
Hemolytic jaundice -
Breakdown RBC
Dehydrogenase (A-kGDH
Aka prchepadic jaundice
I ·Unconjugated/indirect / Non soluble
Bildwin Enzymes &
Prosthetic Go
t
- Dack stod/Feces & Uzine Mostcommon -> Metals
(morganic ions)
Hepatic jaundice -
UDP Glucozyne Transferase enzyme e.g Tyzosinase
-
Cult
conjugation ↓
in liver
Cunconjugated J.) deficiency convents indirectbillizbin Carbonic anhydrase - Int
into direct bilizubin
Int
Carboxypeptidase -
↳
e.g. Crigle Najlar Lyndrome Tratment Metalloenzymes CAg
phenobabitol
Carbonic
anhydrase
Obstructive
a Mechanical
Jaundice -
AKA
↳ ediology:Cholelidhiasis (FAT in stock) gallbladen
Posthepatic].
stone
Carboxy peptidase
Alcholo
Dehydrogenese
I all
enzymes
/
need en2t
Alkaline
-> Ma
Conjugated/soluble/Direct Billizubin phosphatase
. Ala Dehydrogenase
10) Methylation -
Done
by Methionine (Amino Acid) >Lactate
Dehydeogenase
(Methylatingagentasphetic
and Choline.
( Absence heads liven. >Kinases
I
to
->
Fatty Choline(
>Mutases need
Mgation
19) Carbon Labelled Glucose -
Palmitic Acid CIS
aids
Fabdy
Carbon
compounds
S Enolases
Glucose 6-phosphate
-
~
20) Enzymes -
Allenzymes are
proteins except Ribozymes
2
Apoenzyme -
of enzymes
proteinous part ~Tyzosinase
Cofacta, Coenzymes, prosthetic group Non
-
proteinous <Cytochrome Coxidase (complex(v)
part
Holoenzyme ->
protein Non
+
protein
part Lysyl oxidase all need
~
cuztion
Superoxide dismutase cooper
D
Enzymes &
Coenzymes By By
vitB, -Tpp >L- amino oxidase
D Dehydrogenase -
NAD+, FAD B -
FDP
By NAD
2) Kinases anthine
-
ATP X Oxidase
2
-
toofan
Transketolase (B,) sulfide
~allnedee
3) - Thiamine , Oxidase
BI
Carboxylase Biotin, VitH, ATP
4) -
>Dinitzogenase
5) Decarboxylase
↳ Simple Decarboxylation -
PLP (vitBs)
Histamine & GABA Synthesis
e.g
->
Histadine Histamine
Minna Mamik ,
