CPR and First Aid Questions and answers, 100% proven pass rate, Graded A+ 2022

CPR and First Aid Questions and answers, 100% proven pass rate, Graded A+ 2022 Document Content and Description Below CPR and First Aid Questions and answers, 100% proven pass rate, Graded A+ 2022 how to recognize an emergency - look for unusual noises, sights, odors, appearances and behaviors example: sc reams, breaking glass, crashing metal safety - do not risk your own _________________ in orer to rescue or provide first aid to another person Good Samaritan Laws - state laws that help protect healthcare professionals and ordinary citizens from liability while giving emergency care to accident victims. You are protected if you are certified and obtain consent, act in good faith, are not paid, use reasonable skill and care, are not negligent (careless), and do not abandon the person how to open an Airway - tilt head, lift chin signs of life - movement or breathing ABCs - Airway, Breathing, and Circulation (blood flowing through the body) How to check Breathing - look for movement of the chest, listen and feel for air movement by placing your ear and then your cheek at the mouth and nose of the victim how to check Circulation - place your index and middle fingers into the groove of the neck next to the voice box to feel the carotid artery pulse index finger - the finger next to the thumb; also called pointer finger voice box - larynx Rescue Breathing - an emergency technique in which a rescuer gives air to someone who is not breathing. To perform this, a person blows air into a victim's lungs to give him/her oxygen how to give rescue breaths to an adult - 1. tilt head, lift chin, pinch the nose shut 2. take a breath and make a complete seal over the person's mouth 3. blow in to make chest clearly rise (1 second) 4. Begin CPR/administer AED if breaths go in OR assume unconscious choking if breaths do NOT go in Steps to check an injured child or infant - 1. check scene, then check child 2. obtain consent from parent/guardian if present 3. Tap on shoulder and shout, "Are you okay?" 4. No response, call 911 or if alone, give 2 minutes of care then call 911 5. Open airway, check for signs of life for no more than 10 seconds 6. give 2 rescue breaths if not breathing 7. If breaths go in, check for pulse and severe bleeding. If breaths do NOT go in, begin rescue breathing. No pulse, begin CPR/AED 8. If breathing, place in recovery position and monitor ABCs recovery position - a side-lying position used to maintain a clear airway in unconscious patients without injuries who are breathing adequately Rescue Breathing for Child/Infant (Age 1-12) - 1. give 1 rescue breath (for about 1 second) every 3 seconds, pinch nose shut, make seal over child's mouth and nose (infant), blow in to make chest clearly rise 2. After 2 minutes, recheck signs of life and pulse for no more than 10 signs 3. If pulse, but no breathing, continue. If NO pulse, begin CPR/Administer AED unconscious choking/ no breaths go in - tilt head farther back, give 2 rescue breaths, if chest does not rise, give 30 chest compressions; look for an object and remove it if seen; try 2 rescue breaths; continue these steps if breath does NOT go in. If breaths DO go in, check for signs of life and give care. conscious choking - victim can't cough, speak, cry or breath 1. check scene, check person 2. Have someone call 911 3. obtain consent 4. lean person forward, give 5 back blows with heel of your hand 5. give 5 quick, upward abdominal thrusts (or chest thrusts for infants, pregnant or obese people) 6. continue back blows and abdominal thrusts until object is forced out, the person can breathe or cough forcefully, OR the person becomes unconscious two - number of fingers used in chest compressions for infant abdominal thrusts - the act of applying pressure to a choking person's stomach to force an object out of the throat choking when you are alone - 1. self-administer abdominal thrusts 2. place your fist above your navel (belly button) 3. cover your fist with your hand and thrust upward and inward 4. lean over the back of a chair, table or other firm object and quickly press your abdomen upward and inward Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) - life saving technique that combines rescue breathing and chest compressions compressions - techniques that allow the rescuer to artificially pump the heart, delivering blood to the body and bringing oxygen to the lungs heart attack - when an area of the heart muscle suffers damage and loses function due to lack of oxygen. The heart stops beating cardiac arrest - when the heart stops beating due to stroke, severe injuries, electrical shock, drug overdose, chest trauma, drowning or suffocation. Leads to unconsciousness, no pulse, no signs of circulation signs of circulation - consciousness, a pulse, pink nail beds, warm skin If a person does not have these, they are in cardiac arrest Adult CPR - 1. give 30 chest compressions and 2 rescue breaths 2. continue until scene becomes unsafe, you see a sign of life, AED is ready to use, you are too exhausted, or another trained responder arrives and takes over Adult CPR skills >12 years old - hand position: 2 hands in center of chest compression depth: 1 1/2 - 2 inches cycle: 30 compressions, 2 breaths rate: 30 compressions in 18 seconds or 100 per minute Child CPR skills (1-12 years old) - hand position: 1 or 2 hands in center of chest compression: 1-1 1/2 inches cycle: 30 compressions, 2 breaths rate: 30 compressions in 18 seconds Infant CPR skills <1 year old - hand position: 2 or 3 fingers on lower half of chest, one finger width below nipple line compression depth: 1/2 - 1 inch cycle: 30 compressions, 2 breaths rate: 30 compressions in 18 seconds Automatic External Defibrillators (AEDs) - portable defibrillators that are available in many public areas. The machine first determines if the victim needs a shock. If shock is needed, the machine talks the rescuer through administering the procedure defibrillation - shocking the heart back into beating again by delivering an electric current to the heart which will, in turn, return the heart to a regular rhythm survival rate with AED - 30% or higher, according to the American Red Cross, if used within minutes after cardiac arrest wound - a break or tear in the soft tissue of the body open wound - wound that breaks the surface of the skin closed wound - wound that does not break the surface of the skin internal bleeding - bleeding within the body that results from closed wounds such as bruises external bleeding - bleeding at the body surface that results from open wounds, such as cuts contusions - simplest closed wound, also known as a bruise. They are caused when the body is subjected to a force abrasions - most common type of open wound which is characterized by skin that has been rubbed or scraped away lacerations - a cut with either jagged or smooth edges, usually from a sharp object. Can also result when a blunt force splits the skin avulsions - injury in which a portion of the skin and sometimes other soft tissue is partially or completely torn away puncture - when skin is pierced with a pointed object caring for minor wounds - 1. wash hands, put on disposable gloves if available 2. place sterile or clean cloth on wound and apply direct pressure 3. Rinse wound with water and gently wash 4. Seek medical help if you can't remove dirt or debris from the wound. Apply antibacterial ointment 5. Cover wound with sterile dressing and bandage. Change dressing at least once a day, keeping wound clean and dry. Seek medical help if wound becomes infected--tender, swollen and red caring for serious wounds with severe bleeding - 1. seek medical help immediately, protect yourself from blood by wearing disposable gloves 2. lay victim down, elevate feet and legs. Place in half-seated position if a head wound 3. find the wound by following the blood. Uncover wound if under clothing 4 place dressing over wound and apply direct pressure 5. raise wound above level of heart and continue to apply direct pressure if arm or leg is wounded 6. apply pressure at pressure point if bleeding continues 7. release pressure point and secure with bandage when bleeding stops. Do not remove dressings pressure points - areas where arteries lie over a bone signs of internal bleeding - bleeding from ears, nose, mouth or eyes, coughing up blood, bruises near skin surface internal bleeding procedure - 1. lay person down, raise legs 8-12 inches (unless head injury--of so, put in reclining position) 2. lay vomiting person on left side 3. cover victim with warmth, seek medical help immediately shock - a condition in which some body organs are not getting enough oxygenated blood. It may occur when heart is not pumping properly, a considerable amount of blood is lost from the body hemorrhaging, dehydration or a systemic infection, or when the nervous system is damaged by injury or drugs symptoms of shock - anxious, restless, lethargic (slow-moving), unconscious, pale and cold skin, nauseous or vomiting, increased pulse and respiration rates, bluish tinge to skin, thirsty, dilated (enlarged) pupils treating shock - 1. check ABCs and treat for injuries 2. lay victim on back 3. raise legs 8-12 inches 4. cover with blankets, coats 5. call for medical assistance 6. do not give victim anything to eat or drink burn - an injury to the skin and other tissues caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, or radiation. The degree refers to the depth of tissue damage first degree burns - burns that affect only the outer layer of the skin and look pink. Take 3-6 days to heal. No scars. second degree burns - burns that go into the inner skin layer and are red, swollen, and blistered. Take less than 3 weeks to heal. Scars possible. third degree burns - burns that go through all skin layers as well as tissue beneath the skin. Burns appear white, tan or charred black. Skin graft must be performed to heal. Some scarring. Take months to heal. treating first degree burns - apply cool water until pain stops, apply mois