PORTAGE LEARNING CHEM 210 - MODULE 8 EXAM.

PORTAGE LEARNING CHEM 210 - MODULE 8 EXAM. Portage Learning Chem 210 - Module 8 exam. True or False: The majority of reactions of the urea cycle occur in the cytosol. TRUE True or False: NADH yields 1.5 ATP molecules after donating electrons and hydrogen atoms to the electron transfer chain (ETC). FALSE True or False: GTP is invested in the urea cycle. FALSE True or False: There are six complexes associated with the ETC. FALSE True or False: In the production of ATP via ATP synthase, the H+ ions move from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space. FALSE The urea cycle involves reactions (only those in the cyclic portion of the process). 1 2 Question 1 3 / 3 pts Question 2 3 / 3 pts Question 3 3 / 3 pts Question 4 3 / 3 pts Question 5 3 / 3 pts Question 6 3 / 3 pts Question 9 3 / 3 pts 3 4 5 4 Which amino acids are involved in the urea cycle? A. Ornithine B. Aspartate C. Threonine D. Both A and B E. Both A and C D.BOTH A AND B Fumarate is converted to for it to reenter the mitochondrion. Ornithine Citrulline Malate Fumarase Ammonia MALATE Urea is useful for excreting nitrogen from cells due to its: A. Ability to form London forces B. High density of nitrogen atoms C. Large size D. Low melting point E. Both B and C Question 7 3 / 3 pts Question 8 3 / 3 pts B. HIGH DENSITY OF NITROGEN ATOMS is both a component of the urea cycle and the citric acid cycle. Malate Acetyl-CoA Citrate Fumarate None of the above FUMARATE Deamination of an amino acid results in a carbon skeleton and in the production of . A. NH2 B. NH Question 10 3 / 3 pts Question 11 3 / 3 pts C. NO2 D. NH3 E. NH4+ E. NH4+ The following chemical species is . Ammonium Fumarate Arginine Argininosuccinate Urea UREA FADH2 donates electrons and H+ to complex . I II Question 12 3 / 3 pts Question 13 3 / 3 pts III IV V II Which of the ETC complexes do pump H+ ions? Complex I Complex III Complex IV All of the above None of the above ALL OF THE ABOVE What protein shuttles electrons from Complex III to Complex IV? NADH dehydrogenase Cytochrome C Fumarase Cytochrome B None of the above CoQ In what portion of the mitochondrion does the CAC take place? Matrix Intermembrane space Question 14 3 / 3 pts Question 15 3 / 3 pts Question 17 3 / 3 pts Inner membrane Outer membrane Both B and C MATRIX At which complex does the following reaction take place? O2 + 4e- + 4H+ → → 2H2O Complex I Complex II Complex III Complex IV Both A and B COMPLEX IV During the electron transport chain, protons are pumped from in the mitochondria. From the intermembrane space to the cytosol From the intermembrane space to the matrix From the matrix to the intermembrane space From outside of the cell to the cytosol From outside of the cell to the matrix Question 18 3 / 3 pts Question 19 3 / 3 pts FROM THE MATRIX TO THE INTERMEMBRANE SPACE Energy released is utilized for the synthesis of ATP. As protons flow through ATP synthase and back into the mitochondrial matrix In the digestion of proteins In the degradation of carbohydrates In the formation of ATP None of the above AS PROTONS FLOW THROUGH ATP SYNTHASE AND BACK INTO THE MITOCHONDRIAL MATRIX The H+ ions flow through what part of the ATP synthase? A. FO B. F1 C. F2 D. Stator E. Both A and C A. FO An individual with the MERRF disease, tend to have symptoms of . Question 20 3 / 3 pts Question 21 3 / 3 pts Question 22 3 / 3 pts Muscle weakness Elevated Blood pressure Swollen feet Red eyes None of the above MUSCLE WEAKNESS ATP synthase is located in the of mitochondria. A. Inner membrane B. Intermembrane space C. Outer membrane D. Both A and B E. Both B and C A.INNER MEMBRANE What process results in ATP formation? A. H2O in ATP synthase B. GTP is produced first C. Heat applied to ATP synthase D. Rotation of ATP synthase E. None of the above D. ROTATION OF ATP SYNTHASE Question 23 3 / 3 pts Question 24 3 / 3 pts Which of the following is not a part of ATP synthase? A. F B. FO C. F1 D. F2 E. Both A and D E.BOTH AND D (Fill in the blanks) Use the word bank to fill in the following blanks. In the word bank, each word or words is separated by semicolons. Words can be used more than once, and not all words will be used. Word bank: ADP and Pi; ATP; GTP; oxidative; reductive; citric acid cycle; electron transport chain; three; eight; ten The (A) produces NADH and FADH2 which can then be used to produce (B) . Oxidative phosphorylation is the synthesis of (C) from (D) , using energy generated by the oxidative reactions during the (E) . Question 25 3 / 3 pts Question 26 4 / 5 pts A) citric acid cycle B) ATP C) ATP D) ADP and Pi E) electron transport chain According to the chemiosmotic theory, how is the ETC connected to ATP production? Explain in at least four complete sentences. The chemical reactions of the ETC provide energy to pump H+ ions from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space. The reactions also provide electrons and H+ to convert oxygen into water. The net result is that the H+ gradients permit a flow H+ to rotation ATP synthase, producing ATP. nt is formed more clearly (be specific that the ETC transport creates a gradient). Consider the importance of the mitochondria in energy production. A. What structural features of mitochondria support ATP formation? And Question 27 7 / 10 pts Question 28 10 / 10 pts B. Where are the complexes of the ETC located in Mitochondria? This organelle is the central hub of energy production in the cell and has a complicated structure, including two membranes. The mitochondrion has an outer membrane and an inner membrane. The outer membrane is a bilayer with porin proteins that permit ions and molecules to cross into the intermembrane space. The intermembrane space is the solution between the outer and inner membranes. The inner membrane is a highly selective bilayer permitting only select ions and molecules to cross. The selectivity is crucial for maintaining specific concentrations of H+, ATP, and other species in the mitochondrial matrix. The inner membrane also contains the electron transport chain's protein complexes, which accepts the electrons from the coenzymes. The matrix is the innermost space of mitochondrion, where the citric acid cycle occurs along portions of fatty acid oxidation and the urea cycle. Once the NADH and FADH2 are produced by the citric acid cycle, they are in proximity to the electron transport chain, so that donation of electrons and hydrogen ions is efficient.