NCLEX-RN U-WORLD REVIEW WITH CORRECT AND UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

NCLEX-RN U-WORLD REVIEW WITH CORRECT AND UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Allen's test - CORRECT ANSWER This diagnostic test is performed prior to initiating radial cannulation to ensure adequate circulation proximal and distal to the site Agoraphobia - CORRECT ANSWER Defined as the fear or anxiety about being in (or anticipating) certain situations or physical spaces; Ex- being on a train for an extended period of time Delirium - CORRECT ANSWER Defined as an acute onset cognitive dysfunction where consciousness is impaired, memory may be impaired and is reversible; Seen in ICU's Dementia - CORRECT ANSWER Defined as a chronic, gradual condition which causes irreversible and progressive cognitive decline; LOC intact, some memory loss is present and is irreversible Depression - CORRECT ANSWER Defined as a disease with gradual progression, may be episodic & is reversible - Providing a calming environment with minimal stimulation - Private room AWAY from nurses station is key - Use quiet/monotone voice - Use eye contact/gestures carefully - Limit visual clutter - Maintain minimal lighting - Provide child with single object to focus on - CORRECT ANSWER When caring for a child with autism spectrum disorder, what are nursing actions/interactions that should be implemented? Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) - CORRECT ANSWER Patients with this cognitive disorder often exhibit sensory processing problems to sounds, movement, touch, taste and smells Oligohydramnios - CORRECT ANSWER A condition characterized by low amniotic fluid volume Pulmonary hypoplasia & umbilical cord compression - CORRECT ANSWER What are two major complications of oligohydramnios at time of birth? Pulmonary hypoplasia - CORRECT ANSWER A complication of oligohydramnios defined as lack of normal alveolar dissension by aspirated amniotic fluid Umbilical cord compression - CORRECT ANSWER A complication of oligohydramnios which can present as late/variable decelerations; Requires continuous fetal monitoring at birth Polyhydramnios - CORRECT ANSWER Defined as a complication of excessive amniotic fluid volume, putting the mother at risk for post partum hemorrhage Pull the pinna upward & back to straighten the external ear canal - CORRECT ANSWER When administering an otic medication to an adult or child age 3 and older, how should the nurse manipulate the pinna? Instilling cold drops into the ear can cause vestibular reaction, resulting in dizziness/vomiting - CORRECT ANSWER Why should otic medication be warmed to room temperature before administration? ACE inhibitors - CORRECT ANSWER What class of blood pressure medications is category X in pregnancy and are extremely teratogenic? Placental abruption (Placento abrupto) - CORRECT ANSWER Defined as a complication of preeclampsia that occurs when the placenta tears away from the wall of the uterus due to stress, causing significant vaginal bleeding HELLP syndrome: H - Hemolysis EL - Elevated liver enzymes LP - Low platelets - CORRECT ANSWER A complication of pregnancy defined as severe eclampsia; What does this acronym stand for? At least 0.5 mL/kg/hr or approximately 30 mL/hr - CORRECT ANSWER What is normal urine output for an adult? DKA - Diabetic Ketoacidosis - CORRECT ANSWER An endocrine disorder characterized by breakdown of fat for fuel and the resulting byproducts are acidic ketones; Polyuria & kussmaul respirations are present to help blow off extra co2 Palpation - CORRECT ANSWER This disorder of pediatrics presents as an abdominal pass. What nursing intervention is PROHIBITED with this diagnosis? Sickle cell anemia - CORRECT ANSWER This disorder can present as a vasoocclusive crisis leading to ischemia and severe pain; Bilirubin released from the destroyed RBC's leads to jaundice and brownish hue to urine Codeine - CORRECT ANSWER This medication is an opioid drug prescribed to treat mild/moderate pain & is also an antitussive to suppress the cough reflex Allopurinol - CORRECT ANSWER This medication is prescribed to prevent gout attacks characterized by pain/inflammation in the joints due to uric acid deposits; Will need to be taken for the rest of life Allopurinol should be taken with a FULL glass of water & overall fluid intake should be increased when taking this medication - CORRECT ANSWER What is the MOST important teaching topic when educating a patient about administration of allopurinol? Kawasaki Disease (KD) - CORRECT ANSWER This childhood condition is defined as inflammation of arterioles, also known as vasculitis Coronary aneurysms - CORRECT ANSWER For pediatric patients diagnosed with Kawasaki Disease (KD), what are they most at risk for developing? Acute phase - CORRECT ANSWER This phase of Kawasaki Disease is characterized by acute, sudden onset of high fever that does not respond to antibiotics or antipyretics; Strawberry tongue develops Subacute phase - CORRECT ANSWER This phase of Kawasaki Disease is characterized by peeling of skin on hands and feet Convalescent phase - CORRECT ANSWER This phase of Kawasaki Disease begins when the symptoms begin to slowly disappear; Temperature returns to normal IV immunoglobulin (IVIG) and high dose aspirin - CORRECT ANSWER What is the initial treatment of Kawasaki Disease? 46-70 seconds (1.5-2x control) - CORRECT ANSWER What is the therapeutic aPTT value for a client receiving a continuous heparin infusion? Warfarin - Vitamin K Heparin - Protamine sulfate - CORRECT ANSWER What are the reversal agents for warfarin & heparin? Water intoxication resulting in hyponatremia - CORRECT ANSWER This occurs when parents of newborns dilute formula to "stretch" the feeding and save money Irritability, lethargy, hypothermia and seizure activity - CORRECT ANSWER What are some s/s of hyponatremia? "Airing MTV:" - Measles - Tuberculosis - Varicella - CORRECT ANSWER What diseases require airborne precaution in the hospital? A private room with negative airflow pressure - CORRECT ANSWER For patients under airborne isolation precaution, what kind of room placement is required? Intussusception - CORRECT ANSWER Defined as a process in which one part of the intestine prolapses and then telescopes into another part; Very common during infancy - Legs drawn up toward abdomen - Continuous crying due to pain - Grossly bloody "Currant jelly" stools (Mixture of blood and mucus) - CORRECT ANSWER What would the clinical manifestations be for an infant suspected of having intussusception?