CBMT Exam Prep Questions and Answers

Behavior Therapy (applied behavior analysis, behavior modification) - Answer- Therapeutic intervention designed to change behavior using techniques of operant and respondent conditioning as well as behavior analysis. Cue - Answer- stimulus, prompt): An event that sets the occasion or a certain event to occur. Discriminative Stimulus - Answer- A cue which results in a response when that response occurs only after its presentation, and not after other cues. Fading - Answer- The gradual removal of explicit prompts or cues in an attempt to maintain the behavior on its own. Generalization - Answer- The transfer of effects to other behaviors, stimuli, conditions or settings. Group contingencies - Answer- Consequences for a group as a whole dependent upon the occurrences of specified behavior in the entire group. Insight Therapy - Answer- An approach to psychotherapy whose objective is awareness of causes or motivations for behavior which, then, leads to control over the behavior and improvement of one's condition. Melodic IntonationTherapy - Answer- Clinical uses of melodies that emphasize intonation in normal speech to develop language skills in aphasic patients and others needing remediation in propositional language. Negative Punishment - Answer- The removal of stimulus, resulting in a decrease in behavior, e.g. stopping the music after the occurrence of inappropriate behavior which rests in a decrease of inappropriate behavior. Orff-Schulwerk - Answer- An approach to music education by Carl Orff that emphasizes creative experience, natural abilities and sounds, the pentatonic scale and obstinate. Paired-associate - Answer- Presentation of one word as the stimulus for the recall of a second word. Positive Reinforcement - Answer- The presentation of a stimulus, resulting in an increase in the behavior it follows, e.g., practicing piano increases when the purchase of a new piano is made contingent upon greater practice time. Psychiatric Musicology - Answer- A music therapy approach which uses music as a metaphor for examining relationships. Psychodynamic Therapy - Answer- A system of psychotherapy based on an individual's unconscious motivation and past experience. Rational Emotive Therapy - Answer- A system of psychotherapy proposed by Albert Ellis which attempts to confront one's rational belief system as a method of solving problems. Reconstructive Therapy - Answer- One type of insight-oriented therapy which examines unconscious and deep set emotions in order to restructure the personality. Reeducative Therapy - Answer- One type of insight-oriented therapy which promotes self growth and adjustment through behavior change. Schedule of Reinforcement - Answer- The behavior requirement for a reinforcing stimulus to be delivered. Schedules may not be fixed or variable, based on interval or ratio criteria. Shaping - Answer- A technique for developing new behaviors by reinforcing successive approximations of the desired behavior. Successive approximations - Answer- Behaviors which gradually resemble the target or terminal objective. Transactional Analysis - Answer- System of psychotherapy proposed by Eric Berne which examines interactions in terms of explicit roles and games as a method of recognizing and understanding the