AP Physics 1 Unit 4 Progress Check A and B Answered 2023.
AP Physics 1 Unit 4 Progress Check A and B Answered 2023. AP Physics 1 Unit 4 Progress Check A_ Answered 2023. A block of mass M on an inclined surface is attached to a spring of negligible mass, as shown. The other end of the spring is attached to a wall, and there is negligible friction between the block and the incline. The block is pulled to a position such that the spring is stretched from its equilibrium position. The block is then released from rest. Which of the following systems can be classified as a closed system? The total mechanical energy of a system as a function of time is shown in the graph. Which of the following statements is true regarding the system? A planet orbits a star along an elliptical path from point X to point Y, as shown in the figure. In which of the following systems does the total mechanical energy of the system remain constant? A 5 kg object near Earth's surface is released from rest such that it falls a distance of 10 m. After the object falls 10 m, it has a speed of 12 m/s. Which of the following correctly identifies whether the object-Earth system is open or closed and describes the net external force? A toy car has an initial acceleration of 2m/s2 across a horizontal surface after it is released from rest. After the car travels for a time t=5 seconds, the speed of the car is 25m/s. Is the system consisting of only the car an open system or a closed system, and why? A student performs an experiment in which a ball travels in a perfect circle. The ball is attached to a string and travels in the horizontal, circular path, as shown in Figure 1. At time t0, the ball has a speed ν0. During the time interval of 0s to 2s, the force of tension in the string is recorded and graphed, as shown in Figure 2. Is the system consisting of the ball, string, and student an open system or closed system, and why? A student must determine the effect of friction on the mechanical energy of a small block as it slides up a ramp. The block is launched with an initial speed v0 from point A along a horizontal surface of negligible friction. It then slides up a ramp, where friction is not negligible, that is inclined at angle θ with respect to the horizontal, as shown in the figure. The student measures the maximum vertical height h attained by the block while on the ramp, labeled as point B in the figure. At point B, the block comes to rest. The student performs three trials with the ramp at different angles, launching the block at the same initial speed v0 for each trial. The results from the trials are displayed in the table. How should the student use the data collected and the known quantities from the experiment to determine the total mechanical energy of the block-ramp-Earth system for all trials in the experiment? A student must determine the effect of friction on the mechanical energy of a small block as it slides up a ramp. The block is launched with an initial speed v0 from point A along a horizontal surface of negligible friction. It then slides up a ramp, where friction is not negligible, that is inclined at angle θ with respect to the horizontal, as shown in the figure. The student measures the maximum vertical height h attained by the block while on the ramp, labeled as point B in the figure. At point B, the block comes to rest. The student performs three trials with the ramp at different angles, launching the block at the same initial speed v0 for each trial. The results from the trials are displayed in the table. Consider the trial with the 45° ramp. Suppose the block is launched up the ramp such that it comes to rest at point B and then travels down the ramp. Which of the following best describes the block's kinetic energy KA when it reaches point A at the bottom of the ramp in comparison to the initial kinetic energy K0 before it travels up the ramp? - A student must determine the effect of friction on the mechanical energy of a small block as it slides up a ramp. The block is launched with an initial speed v0 from point A along a horizontal surface of negligible friction. It then slides up a ramp, where friction is not negligible, that is inclined at angle θ with respect to the horizontal, as shown in the figure. The student measures the maximum vertical height h attained by the block while on the ramp, labeled as point B in the figure. At point B, the block comes to rest. The student performs three trials with the ramp at different angles, launching the block at the same initial speed v0 for each trial. The results from the trials are displayed in the table. Consider the trial in which the ramp is at a 20° angle with the horizontal. The surface of the ramp has been replaced with a surface in which frictional forces are considered to be negligible. If the mass of the block is doubled and the initial launch speed is doubled, how could the student predict the new vertical of the block at point B? A block on a rough, horizontal surface is attached to a horizontal spring of negligible mass. The other end of the spring is attached to a wall. The spring is compressed such that the block is located at position X. When the block-spring system is released, the block travels to the right through position Y and continues to travel to the right through position Z. Free body diagrams for the block at positions X, Y, and Z are shown in the figure. At which position does the block have the greatest kinetic energy? - A 5 kg block moves with a constant speed of 10 ms to the right on a smooth surface where frictional forces are considered to be negligible. It passes through a 2.0 m rough section of the surface where friction is not negligible, and the coefficient of kinetic friction between the block and the rough section μk is 0.2. What is the change in the kinetic energy of the block as it passes through the rough section? A rock of mass M is thrown from the edge of a cliff of height h with an initial velocity v0 at an angle θ with the horizontal, as shown in the figure. Point P is the highest point in the rock's trajectory, and point Q is level with the initial position of the rock. All frictional forces are considered to be negligible. Which of the following could correctly describe the total energy of the rock-Earth system at points P and Q? A ball of mass M is attached to a string of negligible mass that has a length R. The ball moves clockwise in a vertical circle, as shown above. Which of the following is true about the ball-string-Earth system as the ball moves from point 1 to point 2? A small block of mass M=0.10 kg is released from rest at point 1 at a height H=1.8 m above the bottom of a track, as shown in the diagram. It slides down the track and around the inside of a loop of radius R=0.6 m. The speed of the block is 2.5 m/s at point 3. Which of the following claims about the situation is correct? Objects X and Y are connected by a string of negligible mass and suspended vertically over a pulley of negligible mass, creating an Atwood's machine, as shown in the figure. The objects are initially at rest, and the mass of object Y is greater than the mass of object X. As object Y falls, how does the kinetic energy of the center of mass of the two-object system change? Justify your selection. All frictional forces are considered to be negligible. A small object of mass M is shot horizontally from a spring launcher that is attached to a table. All frictional forces are considered to be negligible. The ball strikes the ground a distance D from the base of the table, as shown in the figure. A second object of mass M2 is launched from the same launcher such that the spring is compressed the same distance as in the original scenario. The distance from the base of the table that the object lands is - AP Physics 1 Unit 4 Progress Check B One end of a vertical spring is attached to the ground with the other end above the ground such that the spring is at its equilibrium position. The spring has negligible mass and a spring constant k0 , as shown in Figure 1. When an object of mass m0 is released from rest above the spring, the object falls and then makes contact with the top of the spring with a speed v0 , as shown in Figure 2. The spring then compresses such that the object reaches a position x0 below the spring's equilibrium position, as shown in Figure 3, where the object comes to rest. The object is then directed upward by the spring until it is no longer in contact with the spring. The object then continues upward. The object-spring-Earth system has zero gravitational potential energy at the instant shown in Figure 2. All frictional forces are considered to be negligible. When the object is located at the position shown in Figure 3, which of the following equations correctly indicates the total mechanical energy of the object-spring-Earth system? After the object reaches the position in Figure 3, the spring pushes the object upward until the object is no longer in contact with the spring. A graph of the force exerted by the spring on the object as a function of the position of the object is shown. How much work does the spring do on the object as it pushes the object upward until the object is no longer in contact with the spring? Which of the following describes the total mechanical energy of the object-Earth system during the time in which the object is in the air and the time in which the object is in contact with the spring? Assume all frictional forces are considered to be negligible. - A roller coaster track at a park includes a loop of radius R. A cart of mass M is located at the peak of the track, which has a height of 4R. The cart is subsequently released from rest such that it can slide down the track and go around the loop, as shown in the figure above. All frictional forces are considered to be negligible. Which of the following expressions for the cart's initial and final kinetic energy KE and the cart-Earth system's initial and final gravitational potential energy Ug could be used to determine the speed vf of the cart when it reaches the top of the loop? A block of mass 3kg on a horizontal surface travels at 6m/s toward the free end of a horizontal spring of negligible mass and spring constant k=200N/m , as shown in the figure. The other end of the spring is attached to a wall, and there is negligible friction between the block and the horizontal surface. The block comes into contact with the free end of the spring such that the block remains fixed to the spring as the spring is compressed. A graph of the kinetic energy of the block as a function of the distance the spring is compressed is shown that was collected from experimental data. Which of the following data tables could best represent the spring potential energy of the block-spring system as a function of the distance that the spring is compressed? A student uses a motion detector to record the speed of a 2kg object as a function of time as it travels across a horizontal surface of negligible friction. Data from the experiment are shown in the graph. In addition to the known mass, how can a student use the graph to determine the work done on the object from 0s to 5s ? A student must determine the work done on an object when an external force is exerted on it after it travels a specific distance. An external force F is exerted on an object at position x = 0 by a string as the object moves a distance D across a horizontal surface for a time tf . The force changes such that it decreases as the object moves. Which procedure could be used to determine the work done on the object by the external force? An experiment is conducted such that an applied force is exerted on an object as it travels across a horizontal surface with a constant speed. A graph of the net force exerted on the object as a function of the object's distance traveled is shown. Which of the following claims is correct regarding the work done on the object by the applied force from one data point to the next data point? A block of mass M is placed on a semicircular track and released from rest at point P, which is at vertical height H1 above the track's lowest point. The surfaces of the track and block are considered to be rough such that a coefficient of friction exists between the track and the block. The block slides to a vertical height H2 on the other side of the track. How does H2 compare to H1? A block of mass M slides with speed v0 at the bottom of a ramp of negligible friction that has a height H, as shown. How do the total mechanical energy of the block alone and the total mechanical energy of the block-Earth system change when the block slides up the ramp to point P? A planet orbits a star along an elliptical path, as shown in the figure. Consider the system consisting of the planet and the star. How do the magnitude of the force exerted on the planet by the star and the total mechanical energy of the system change as the planet moves from point X to point Y? A cart of mass M travels from point A at height h1 above the ground to point B on a track that is at a height h2, as shown in the figure. The speed of the cart at point A is nearly zero, and the frictional forces between the wheels, cart, and track are considered to be negligible. Which of the following graphs could represent the potential energy of the cart-Earth system at point A and point B? Select two answers. A block is initially sliding along a surface of negligible friction with a speed v0. A constant force F0 is then exerted on the block. Which of the following figures represents the situations in which the kinetic energy of the block will initially decrease? Select two answers. A block of mass M is held at rest on an inclined ramp that makes an angle θ with the horizontal, as shown in Figure 1. When released, the block slides down the incline and comes into contact with an uncompressed spring with spring constant k0 . The block slides an additional distance x0 before it compresses the spring a maximum distance, as shown in Figure 2. A student wants to use the law of conservation of energy to analyze the energies associated with the block-ramp-spring-Earth system. Which of the following equations should the student use to analyze the specific forms of energy in the system from the instant the block is released to the instant that the spring is at its maximum compression? Select two answers. A student must perform an experiment to determine the work done by a spring as it launches a block across a horizontal surface. The spring is initially compressed and the block is initially held at rest. After the spring is uncompressed, the block is no longer in contact with the spring. The spring constant is unknown, and the student may not use the mass or weight of the block in the experiment for any calculation. Which of the following measuring tools, when used together, can be used to determine the work done by the spring on the block? Select two answers. A student performs an experiment in which an applied force is exerted on a 4kg object that is initially at rest. In the experiment, the applied force is exerted on the object until the object has moved a known distance. A motion detector measures the speed of the object after it has traveled the distance under consideration for a given trial. The table contains the data that were collected for three trials of the experiment. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the data? Select two answers.
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Lanier Technical College
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AP Physics
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ap physics 1 unit 4 progress check a
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ap physics 1 unit 4 progress check b
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a block of mass m on an inclined surface is attached to a spring of negligible mass
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as shown the other end of the spring is
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