ABG Values questions with 100% correct answers 2023

ABG Values questions with 100% correct answers 2023pH normal range 7.35-7.45 pH acidic Less than 7.35 pH alkalinic Greater than 7.45 PaCO2 normal range 32-48 mmHg PaCO2 alkaline Less than 32 mmHg PaCO2 acidic Greater than 48 mmHg HCO3 normal range 22-26 mmol/L HCO3 acidic Less than 22 mmol/L HCO3 alkalinic Greater than 26 mmol/L PaO2 normal range 80-100 mmHg Respiratory acidosis causes COPD Barbituate or sedative overdose Severe pneumonia Atelectasis Respiratory muscle weakness Mechanical hypoventilation Respiratory acidosis pathophysiology CO2 retention from hypoventilation Compensatory response to HCO3 retention by kidney Respiratory acidosis Lab Findings Plasma pH low HCO3 normal (uncompensated) HCO3 high (compensated) Clinical manifestations of Respiratory Acidosis Drowsiness Disorientation Dizziness Headache Coma Low BP Warm flushed skin Seizures Hypoventilaton Causes of Metabolic Acidosis Diabetic ketoacidosis Lactic acidosis Starvation Severe diarrhea Renal failure GI fistulas Shock Pathophysiology of Metabolic Acidosis Gain of fixed acid, Inability to excrete acid or loss of base. Compensatory response of CO2 excretion by lungs Lab findings of Metabolic Acidosis Plasma pH low PaCO2 normal (uncompensated) PaCO2 high (compensated) HCO3 high Clinical manifestations of Metabolic Acidosis Deep rapid respirations Drowsiness Confusion Headache Coma Low BP Dysrhythmias Warm flushed skin Causes of Respiratory Alkalosis Hyperventilation caused by hypoxia, pulmonary emboli, anxiety, fear, pain, exercise, fever. Stimulated respiratory center caused by septicemia, encephalitis, brain injury, salicylate poisoning. Mechanical hyperventilation. Pathophysiology of Respiratory Alkalosis Plasma pH high PaCO2 low HCO3 normal (uncompensated) HCO3 low (compensated)