Oefenvragen taak 1
1. What is immunity and what is its purpose?
2. How is immunity generally indicated for a microbe?
3. What are the two basic mechanisms for acquiring immunity and what is the difference
between them?
4. What are antigens and how does the immune system respond to them?
5. What is the difference between B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes?
6. What is passive immunity and how long does it typically last?
7. What is the most common form of passive immunity and how does it work?
8. What is active immunity and how long does it typically last?
9. What are the two ways to acquire active immunity?
10. How long does immunity typically last after surviving an infectious disease?
11. What is immunologic memory?
12. What happens to memory B cells after exposure to an antigen?
13. What are the factors that influence the immune response to vaccination?
14. Why is it important for a vaccine to be similar to the disease-causing form of the
organism?
15. What is a live attenuated vaccine?
16. What are some potential adverse reactions to live attenuated vaccines?
17. What is an inactivated vaccine?
18. How is a recombinant vaccine produced?
19. What is a toxoid vaccine?
20. Which type of vaccine generally produces the most effective immune response?
21. What are some pros of vaccination?
22. What are some common and rare side-effects of vaccination?
23. What are some arguments against vaccination?
24. Why is it difficult for individuals to see the benefits of vaccination?
25. What are some challenges in developing effective vaccines?
26. What is the relationship between vaccination coverage and childhood mortality?
27. When were the vaccines for diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, poliomyelitis, mumps, and
rubella introduced?
28. What is the evidence that vaccination programs are effective in reducing mortality
among children and young adults?
29. What factors contribute to the quality of mass immunization campaigns?
30. How can tailored information be used to persuade different groups to get vaccinated?
31. What are some campaigns that can be used to protect vulnerable populations?
32. Why is it important for people to feel at risk in order to participate in vaccination
campaigns?
33. How can social media be used by the government to promote vaccination?
34. What is post-campaign evaluation and why is it important?
35. What is the difference between Web 1.0 and Web 2.0? How does Web 2.0 affect risk
perception?
36. How does Web 2.0 impact vaccination decisions?
37. What are the two types of anti-vaccination groups? Who typically forms these groups?
38. What are the three stages of decision making when it comes to vaccination? What is
the key predictor of vaccination intentions?
, 39. Why did the HPV-vaccination uptake decline in Denmark? What role did media and
social media play in this decline?
40. How can public health actors increase the effectiveness of communication about
vaccination through Web 2.0?
41. What can public health websites do to ensure that reliable information about the risks
and benefits of vaccination is easily accessible?
42. Why is it important for people to get vaccinated?
43. What is herd immunity?
44. How does refusing vaccination impact herd immunity?
45. What are the consequences of not achieving herd immunity?
46. Can refusing vaccination lead to outbreaks?
47. What is the potential harm of an outbreak?
48. What are the risks of refusing vaccination for individuals?
49. How can society encourage people to get vaccinated?
50. Are there any circumstances where refusing vaccination is justified?
51. What steps can individuals take to protect themselves and others if they choose not to
get vaccinated?
Oefenvragen taak 2
1. What is the cause of tuberculosis?
2. Which part of the body does tuberculosis mostly affect?
3. How is tuberculosis spread from person to person?
4. What are the risk factors for becoming infected with tuberculosis?
5. What is latent TB?
6. Is latent TB contagious?
7. What is the lifetime risk of falling ill with TB for people infected with TB bacteria?
8. What is active TB?
9. What are the symptoms of active TB?
10. Can TB occur outside the lungs? If yes, how do signs and symptoms vary according
to the organs involved?
11. How can you diagnose active TB?
12. What are the pros and cons of chest X-ray in diagnosing TB?
13. What is the tuberculin skin test (TST) and what are its pros and cons?
14. What is microscopy of sputum smear and what are its pros and cons?
15. What is the interferon-gamma (IGRA) test and what are its pros and cons?
16. What is PCR and how is it used in diagnosing tuberculosis?
17. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the Ziehl-Neelsen staining method for
detecting tuberculosis?
18. How can tuberculosis be treated?
19. Who is at risk of contracting tuberculosis?
20. What is the incidence of tuberculosis?
21. What are the mortality rates of tuberculosis?
22. How can tuberculosis cases be traced back to the source?
23. What is the Ziehl-Neelsen staining method, and what is it used for?
24. What are the advantages of the Ziehl-Neelsen staining method for detecting
tuberculosis?
1. What is immunity and what is its purpose?
2. How is immunity generally indicated for a microbe?
3. What are the two basic mechanisms for acquiring immunity and what is the difference
between them?
4. What are antigens and how does the immune system respond to them?
5. What is the difference between B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes?
6. What is passive immunity and how long does it typically last?
7. What is the most common form of passive immunity and how does it work?
8. What is active immunity and how long does it typically last?
9. What are the two ways to acquire active immunity?
10. How long does immunity typically last after surviving an infectious disease?
11. What is immunologic memory?
12. What happens to memory B cells after exposure to an antigen?
13. What are the factors that influence the immune response to vaccination?
14. Why is it important for a vaccine to be similar to the disease-causing form of the
organism?
15. What is a live attenuated vaccine?
16. What are some potential adverse reactions to live attenuated vaccines?
17. What is an inactivated vaccine?
18. How is a recombinant vaccine produced?
19. What is a toxoid vaccine?
20. Which type of vaccine generally produces the most effective immune response?
21. What are some pros of vaccination?
22. What are some common and rare side-effects of vaccination?
23. What are some arguments against vaccination?
24. Why is it difficult for individuals to see the benefits of vaccination?
25. What are some challenges in developing effective vaccines?
26. What is the relationship between vaccination coverage and childhood mortality?
27. When were the vaccines for diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, poliomyelitis, mumps, and
rubella introduced?
28. What is the evidence that vaccination programs are effective in reducing mortality
among children and young adults?
29. What factors contribute to the quality of mass immunization campaigns?
30. How can tailored information be used to persuade different groups to get vaccinated?
31. What are some campaigns that can be used to protect vulnerable populations?
32. Why is it important for people to feel at risk in order to participate in vaccination
campaigns?
33. How can social media be used by the government to promote vaccination?
34. What is post-campaign evaluation and why is it important?
35. What is the difference between Web 1.0 and Web 2.0? How does Web 2.0 affect risk
perception?
36. How does Web 2.0 impact vaccination decisions?
37. What are the two types of anti-vaccination groups? Who typically forms these groups?
38. What are the three stages of decision making when it comes to vaccination? What is
the key predictor of vaccination intentions?
, 39. Why did the HPV-vaccination uptake decline in Denmark? What role did media and
social media play in this decline?
40. How can public health actors increase the effectiveness of communication about
vaccination through Web 2.0?
41. What can public health websites do to ensure that reliable information about the risks
and benefits of vaccination is easily accessible?
42. Why is it important for people to get vaccinated?
43. What is herd immunity?
44. How does refusing vaccination impact herd immunity?
45. What are the consequences of not achieving herd immunity?
46. Can refusing vaccination lead to outbreaks?
47. What is the potential harm of an outbreak?
48. What are the risks of refusing vaccination for individuals?
49. How can society encourage people to get vaccinated?
50. Are there any circumstances where refusing vaccination is justified?
51. What steps can individuals take to protect themselves and others if they choose not to
get vaccinated?
Oefenvragen taak 2
1. What is the cause of tuberculosis?
2. Which part of the body does tuberculosis mostly affect?
3. How is tuberculosis spread from person to person?
4. What are the risk factors for becoming infected with tuberculosis?
5. What is latent TB?
6. Is latent TB contagious?
7. What is the lifetime risk of falling ill with TB for people infected with TB bacteria?
8. What is active TB?
9. What are the symptoms of active TB?
10. Can TB occur outside the lungs? If yes, how do signs and symptoms vary according
to the organs involved?
11. How can you diagnose active TB?
12. What are the pros and cons of chest X-ray in diagnosing TB?
13. What is the tuberculin skin test (TST) and what are its pros and cons?
14. What is microscopy of sputum smear and what are its pros and cons?
15. What is the interferon-gamma (IGRA) test and what are its pros and cons?
16. What is PCR and how is it used in diagnosing tuberculosis?
17. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the Ziehl-Neelsen staining method for
detecting tuberculosis?
18. How can tuberculosis be treated?
19. Who is at risk of contracting tuberculosis?
20. What is the incidence of tuberculosis?
21. What are the mortality rates of tuberculosis?
22. How can tuberculosis cases be traced back to the source?
23. What is the Ziehl-Neelsen staining method, and what is it used for?
24. What are the advantages of the Ziehl-Neelsen staining method for detecting
tuberculosis?
