SFO Test Final #3 Questions & Answers

Lay Witness - ANSWER non-expert person called to testify of what they witnessed or heard. Expert Witness - ANSWER person who's deemed an expert in certain areas to testify or interpret facts. Justice of the Peace Court - ANSWER handles lowest crimes. B & C Misdemeanors, infractions, traffic offenses from kids 16-18. Civil under $5k. Issue search/arrest warrants. No need to appeal. Utah Court of Appeals - ANSWER jurisdiction over district & juvenile court that hears appeals. Although can't appeal 1st degree & capital felonies. Utah Supreme Court - ANSWER hears from the Court of Appeals, first & capital cases, statute violation, promulgates rules of evidence and procedure. Jury - ANSWER 6-12 persons who are normally lay persons or peers Felony 1st Degree 5 years-life Felony 2nd Degree 1-15 years Felony 3rd Degree 0-5 years - ANSWER Misdemeanor A 365 days in jail Misdemeanor B 180 days in jail Misdemeanor C 90 days in jail Elements of a crime - ANSWER Corpus Delecti (think detection of finding the elements) Criminal Act Criminal Intent Concurrence - ANSWER Actus Reus Mens Rea timely relationship between intent and the act (think coincidence) Statue of limitations is... - ANSWER like a stopwatch. Starts when crime is committed. Can run out of time unless it's one of the big 16. Rape - 8. Other felonies - 4. Misdemeanors - 2. Infractions - 1. Defensive Tactics 4 - ANSWER Principles Distance, Awareness, Balance, Self-Control Sympathetic Nervous System Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS) - ANSWER ability to fight, flight, freeze, increased adrenal activity (affects heart and respiration, vasoconstriction), tunnel vision, loss of near vision, loss of depth perception, brain stops processing info from other senses. "rest and digest" response, calming of the nerves and return to regular function Amber Alert - ANSWER LE believes abduction occurred, child is in danger, enough descriptive information about child, under 17 years old. Probable Cause - ANSWER specific articulate facts which leads to belief of person committing crime, using 5 senses, training & experience, conclusion. Reasonable Suspicion - ANSWER level of suspicion that would cause a reasonable person under the circumstances to believe that criminal activity has occurred or is occurring. Criminal Burden of Proof - ANSWER Beyond a reasonable doubt Civil Burden of Proof - ANSWER Preponderance of the evidence Confidential Secret Top Secret - ANSWER disclosure of info COULD harm national security. could cause SERIOUS damage to national security exposure of info will DEFINITELY cause national damage Amendments... - ANSWER First Amendment freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press. Second Amendment State militia, keep and bear arms Third Amendment No soldier shall be quartered without consent of the home owner Fourth Amendment Security in house, privacy, persons, houses, papers, effects, and against unreasonable search and seizures. Fifth Amendment right to remain silent, grand jury, double jeopardy. Sixth Amendment right to speedy/public trial with impartial jury, confront witness, right to counsel, right to be informed of charges, power of subpoena Seventh Amendment suits of common law when reaches $20. Eighth Amendment Excessive bail shall not be required, Free from Cruel & Unusual punishment Ninth Amendment The courts will enforce any other fundamental right that is not specifically listed Tenth Amendment Any power not specifically given to the federal gov't shall remain with the states/people Fourteenth Amendment Can't deprive life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness. Applies the amendments to the states Department of Justice - ANSWER FBI, DEA, ATF, US Marshals Department of Homeland Security - ANSWER HSI, USSS, ICE, CPB, USPB, FPS, USCG, FAMs Department of Agriculture - ANSWER Forest Service Department of Interior - ANSWER BLM, NPS Department of Pubic Safety - ANSWER Highway Patrol, SBI, POST Department of Natural Resources - ANSWER State parks, Division of Wildlife Resources (DWR) Circumstantial - ANSWER pieces of a puzzle. Not direct evidence, series of facts Demonstrative - ANSWER photographs, diagrams, maps, models. makes evidence more clear Confession** - ANSWER complete telling of crime, admitting. acknowledgment of commission of all elements of a crime and the individual's involvement in their commission Admission** - ANSWER admitting to partial amount of crime. admitting certain facts but not enough to constitute a confession. Dispatch Center - ANSWER provide handling communication functions to establish a continuity of procedures and maximum degree of safety Procedural law - ANSWER law which prescribes a method of enforcing rights or redressing violations (keeps things moving through the system) Legal Search *Exigent Circumstances - ANSWER emergency conditions, reasonable officer to believe entry was necessary to prevent physical harm to officer or others Radio is a lifeline*** - ANSWER its all that there is between you and assistance Written Reports*** - ANSWER In First Person, active voice, past tense Fusion center - ANSWER primary focal point for information sharing for federal, state, and local governments Serious bodily injury Substantial bodily injury Bodily injury - ANSWER bodily injury that creates or causes serious permanent disfigurement, protracted loss or impairment of function of member/organ, or creates a substantial risk of death bodily injury that creates protracted physical pain, temporary disfigurement, or temporary loss or impairment of function of member or organ physical pain, illness, or impairment of physical condition Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 - ANSWER Walk ups encounters detentions, investigatory stops, terry stops; reasonable suspicion of criminal activity encounters formal arrest with or without warrant; PC that a crime has/is/will be committed ***Do Juveniles have equal constitutional rights as adults? - ANSWER No. Adults have jury, attorney, etc. when minors do not. Can Only Stop CPR When*** - ANSWER 1. regain consciousness, 2. other medical assistance, 3. exhaustion, or 4. unsafe conditions. *** Juvenile "Preliminary Inquiry" - ANSWER After a referral is made to the court, officer meets with minor and parents, determines if its best interest of the public and minor to go forward or not. ***Police detaining a