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Samenvatting reacties en evenwichten 2023

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Dit is een samenvatting van de te leren stof voor het vak reacties en evenwichten voor de opleiding Applied Science. Het document bevat formules waarbij de grootheden en eenheden worden beschreven. Ook zitten er een paar reken voorbeelden in.

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Samenvatting reacties en evenwichten 2023

Tabel 1

0E orde 1E orde 2E orde
Rate law −∆𝐴 −∆𝐴 −∆𝐴
=𝑘 = 𝑘[𝐴] = 𝑘[𝐴]2
∆𝑡 ∆𝑡 ∆𝑡

Integrated [𝐴]𝑡 = −𝑘𝑡 + [𝐴]0 ln[𝐴]𝑡 = −𝑘𝑡 ∗ [𝐴]0 1 1
= 𝑘𝑡 +
rate law [𝐴] [𝐴]0

Linear graph [𝐴] 𝑣𝑠. 𝑡 ln[𝐴] 𝑣𝑠. 𝑡 1
𝑣𝑠. 𝑡
[𝐴]




k −∆𝑦 −∆𝑦 ∆𝑦
𝑘= 𝑘= 𝑘=
∆𝑥 ∆𝑥 ∆𝑥

Half-life [𝐴]𝑡 ln 2 1
𝑡1 = 𝑡1 = 𝑡1 =
2 2𝑘 2 𝑘 2 𝑘[𝐴0 ]


Arrhenius vergelijking

−𝐸𝐴
𝑘 = 𝐴𝑒 𝑅𝑇


k = reactiesnelheidsconstante [J/mol]
A = frequentiefactor
EA = activeringsenergie [J/mol]
R = gasconstante (8,3145 [J/K*mol])
T = temperatuur [K]

Gebruiken van de Arrhenius vergelijking
Tabel 2

T K
… …
… …
… …

Stap 1:
Vanuit tabel 2 → tabel 3 maken




1

, Tabel 3

1 ln 𝑘
𝑇

… …
… …
… …

Stap 2:
1
ln 𝑘 𝑣𝑠. 𝑇 uitzetten in grafiek




Figuur 1

Experiment 1:
−𝐸𝐴 1
ln 𝑘 = ∗ + ln 𝐴
𝑅 𝑇2

Experiment 2:
−𝐸𝐴 1
ln 𝑘 = ∗ + ln 𝐴
𝑅 𝑇1

De formules van experiment 1 en experiment 2 van elkaar aftrekken, dan wordt de formule als volgt:
𝑘2 −𝐸𝐴 1 1
ln = ∗( − )
𝑘1 𝑅 𝑇2 𝑇1

Wanneer je een onbekende wil weten zoals EA of k2, dan geldt:
𝑘
−𝑅 ln 2
𝑘1
𝐸𝐴 =
1 1
(𝑇 − 𝑇 )
2 1

Of
−𝐸𝐴 1 1
𝑘2 = 𝑘1 ∗ 𝑒 𝑅 ∗( − )
𝑇2 𝑇1


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