Contents
CHAPTER 1 .............................................................................................................. 2
Rights..................................................................................................................... 2
Courts ........................................................................................................................ 3
CHAPTER 2 .............................................................................................................. 4
CHAPTER 3 .............................................................................................................. 6
Chapter 4 - Breach of Contract ................................................................................ 19
Chapter 5 – Law of Agency ..................................................................................... 27
Chapter 6 – The Principle ........................................................................................ 29
Chapter 7 – The Agent ............................................................................................ 30
Chapter 8 – Law of Purchase and sale .................................................................... 32
Chapter 9 – Duties of the seller ............................................................................... 35
Chapter 10 – Duties of buyer ................................................................................... 42
Chapter 11 – Letting and Hiring ............................................................................... 43
National Credit act ................................................................................................... 46
Glossary .................................................................................................................. 47
,CHAPTER 1
Rights
Four categories for legal rights:
1. Real right
a. The right to a corporeal thing
b. The right to being effective against the world (ownership of property)
2. Personal right
a. Right that entitles one person to claim performance (doing) of some act
b. Or Delivery of something from another which is created by a contract or
wrongful act
3. Intellectual property right
a. The right of a person to creations of his/her mind or intellect (copyright,
trademark)
4. Personality right
a. The right of a person to aspects of his/her personality (dignity, bodily
integrity, honour, good name)
,Courts
Magistrates’ Courts
May not inquire into or rule on the constitutionality of any legislation or
conduct of President. An Act of Parliament decides its jurisdiction
Divided into regional and district courts
District courts in criminal cases have jurisdiction over all crimes except
o Treason, murder and rape
o And can impose a sentence of no more than 3 years imprisonment
o And a fine of no more than R120,000
o They can hear civil cases where the value of the claim is no more than
R200000
Regional courts in criminal cases, have jurisdiction over all crimes except
o Treason
o And can impose a sentence of no more than 15 years imprisonment
and a fine of no more than R600000.[1]
o They can hear civil cases where the value of the claim is no more than
R400000
,CHAPTER 2
What is a contract?
Lawful agreement
Between legal subjects
Having legal capacity
Which is physically possible
May or may not require formalities
Made with the serious intention of creating rights and duties
Transfer of rights and duties:
Cession – we ceed rights
o E.g. A owes R500 to B in terms of a loan from B to A, B decides to
donate R500 to X. B (cedent) can cede his right to claim R500 from A
to X (cessionary)
o Valid when this is true:
No consent of the debtor needed
No formalities required
No Prohibition of cession unless:
It is of a personal nature
Legislation prohibits or limits it
Agreement prohibiting cession
General rule, only cede the complete right
Cannot transfer more than you claim
Delegation (creditors consent) – we delegate duties
o E.g. A (debtor) owes R500 to B (creditor) in terms of loan made from
B to A. A may delegate his duty to pay to X who must now pay the
R500. But creditor must be in the know. Tripartite agreement.
Assignments – simultaneous delegation of duties and cession of rights.
Tripartite agreement
, Cession Delegation Assignment
Ceeding of rights Delegation of simultaneous
Personal rights duties delegation of
transferred from Creditor must duties and cession
one contract to consent of rights
another. Cedent, As duties are
cessionary transferred, tri-
Debtor need not partite agreement
consent to or know (everyone needs
the right to knowledge of the
concession transfer)
CHAPTER 1 .............................................................................................................. 2
Rights..................................................................................................................... 2
Courts ........................................................................................................................ 3
CHAPTER 2 .............................................................................................................. 4
CHAPTER 3 .............................................................................................................. 6
Chapter 4 - Breach of Contract ................................................................................ 19
Chapter 5 – Law of Agency ..................................................................................... 27
Chapter 6 – The Principle ........................................................................................ 29
Chapter 7 – The Agent ............................................................................................ 30
Chapter 8 – Law of Purchase and sale .................................................................... 32
Chapter 9 – Duties of the seller ............................................................................... 35
Chapter 10 – Duties of buyer ................................................................................... 42
Chapter 11 – Letting and Hiring ............................................................................... 43
National Credit act ................................................................................................... 46
Glossary .................................................................................................................. 47
,CHAPTER 1
Rights
Four categories for legal rights:
1. Real right
a. The right to a corporeal thing
b. The right to being effective against the world (ownership of property)
2. Personal right
a. Right that entitles one person to claim performance (doing) of some act
b. Or Delivery of something from another which is created by a contract or
wrongful act
3. Intellectual property right
a. The right of a person to creations of his/her mind or intellect (copyright,
trademark)
4. Personality right
a. The right of a person to aspects of his/her personality (dignity, bodily
integrity, honour, good name)
,Courts
Magistrates’ Courts
May not inquire into or rule on the constitutionality of any legislation or
conduct of President. An Act of Parliament decides its jurisdiction
Divided into regional and district courts
District courts in criminal cases have jurisdiction over all crimes except
o Treason, murder and rape
o And can impose a sentence of no more than 3 years imprisonment
o And a fine of no more than R120,000
o They can hear civil cases where the value of the claim is no more than
R200000
Regional courts in criminal cases, have jurisdiction over all crimes except
o Treason
o And can impose a sentence of no more than 15 years imprisonment
and a fine of no more than R600000.[1]
o They can hear civil cases where the value of the claim is no more than
R400000
,CHAPTER 2
What is a contract?
Lawful agreement
Between legal subjects
Having legal capacity
Which is physically possible
May or may not require formalities
Made with the serious intention of creating rights and duties
Transfer of rights and duties:
Cession – we ceed rights
o E.g. A owes R500 to B in terms of a loan from B to A, B decides to
donate R500 to X. B (cedent) can cede his right to claim R500 from A
to X (cessionary)
o Valid when this is true:
No consent of the debtor needed
No formalities required
No Prohibition of cession unless:
It is of a personal nature
Legislation prohibits or limits it
Agreement prohibiting cession
General rule, only cede the complete right
Cannot transfer more than you claim
Delegation (creditors consent) – we delegate duties
o E.g. A (debtor) owes R500 to B (creditor) in terms of loan made from
B to A. A may delegate his duty to pay to X who must now pay the
R500. But creditor must be in the know. Tripartite agreement.
Assignments – simultaneous delegation of duties and cession of rights.
Tripartite agreement
, Cession Delegation Assignment
Ceeding of rights Delegation of simultaneous
Personal rights duties delegation of
transferred from Creditor must duties and cession
one contract to consent of rights
another. Cedent, As duties are
cessionary transferred, tri-
Debtor need not partite agreement
consent to or know (everyone needs
the right to knowledge of the
concession transfer)
