PHILIP KOTLER, GARY ARMSTRONG, PRINCIPLES OF MARKETING, 17TH EDITION TEST BANK ALL CHAPTERS.

Chapter 5 Consumer Markets and Buyer Behavior 1) Individuals and households that buy or acquire goods and services for personal consumption make up the . A) consumer market B) market offering C) market mix D) subculture E) social class Answer: A Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.1: Define the consumer market and construct a simple model of consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 2) Marketing stimuli include which of the following? A) economic stimuli B) price stimuli C) technological stimuli D) social stimuli E) culturalstimuli Answer: B AACSB: Analytical thinking Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.1: Define the consumer market and construct a simple model of consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 3) Which of the following is one of the other stimuli present in a buyer's environment apart from a marketing stimuli? A) product stimuli B) cultural stimuli C) price stimuli D) place stimuli E) promotion stimuli Answer: B AACSB: Analytical thinking Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.1: Define the consumer market and construct a simple model of consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 2 4) According to the model of buyer behavior, which of the following is one of the two primary parts of a "buyer's black box"? A) technological stimuli B) buyer's decision process C) buyer's spending habits D) social stimuli E) promotion stimuli Answer: B Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.1: Define the consumer market and construct a simple model of consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 5) Marketing stimuli consist of the four Ps. Which of the following is NOT one of these? A) product B) packaging C) price D) promotion E) place Answer: B Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.1: Define the consumer market and construct a simple model of consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 6) In the model of buyer behavior, which of the following is NOT a major type of force or event in the buyer's environment? A) economic B) technological C) social D) political E) cultural Answer: D AACSB: Analytical thinking Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.1: Define the consumer market and construct a simple model of consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 7) The starting point of understanding how consumers respond to various marketing efforts is called the stimulus-response model of buyer behavior. Answer: TRUE Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.1: Define the consumer market and construct a simple model of consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 8) What role do the four Ps play in consumer behavior? 3 Answer: The four Ps are the marketing stimuli that affect buyer behavior: marketers use product, price, place, and promotion to attract the targeted consumers. Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.1: Define the consumer market and construct a simple model of consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 9) is the most basic determinant of a person's wants and behavior. A) Culture B) Brand personality C) Cognitive dissonance D) Motive E) Attitude Answer: A Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 10) Each culture contains smaller , or groups of people with shared value systems based on common life experiences and situations. A) cultural universals B) reference groups C) subcultures D) monocultures E) social networks Answer: C Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 11) Which consumer group tends to show more brand loyalty and make shopping a family event, with children having a big say in the purchase decision? A) Hispanic Americans B) African Americans C) Arab Americans D) working class consumers E) middle class consumers Answer: A AACSB: Diverse and multicultural work environments Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 4 12) consumers are one of the fastest-growing U.S. population subsegments and are expected to surge to nearly one third of the total U.S. population by 2060. A) African American B) Hispanic American C) Asian American D) Baby Boomer E) Millennial Answer: B AACSB: Diverse and multicultural work environments Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 13) Hispanic Americans tend to be deeply family oriented and make shopping a family affair. Older consumers are brand loyal, while younger Hispanics have shown increasing price sensitivity and willingness to choose store brands. Hispanic Americans make up a . A) subculture B) social class C) social network D) life-cycle stage E) lifestyle Answer: A AACSB: Analytical thinking Skill: Application Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Challenging 14) Although more price-conscious than other population segments, consumers tend to be strongly motivated by quality and selection, and give importance to brands. A) lower upper B) African American C) Asian American D) Filipino E) working class Answer: B AACSB: Diverse and multicultural work environments Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 5 15) consumers are the most affluent U.S. demographic segment and are expected to have an annual buying power approaching $1 billion by 2017. A) Hispanic American B) African American C) Asian American D) Baby boomers E) Generation X Answer: C AACSB: Diverse and multicultural work environments Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Moderate 16) Many companies use ethnically specific themes in their mainstream marketing strategy because marketers have realized that insights gleaned from ethnic consumers can influence their broader markets. This type of marketing is known as marketing. A) cross-cultural B) buzz C) social network D) word-of-mouth E) life-style Answer: A AACSB: Diverse and multicultural work environments Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Moderate 17) are society's relatively permanent and ordered divisions whose members share similar values, interests, and behaviors. A) Social classes B) Societal norms C) Reference groups D) Universal cultures E) Social networks Answer: A AACSB: Diverse and multicultural work environments Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 6 18) Which of the following statements is true of cultural factors that influence consumer behavior? A) Cultural influences on buying behavior are identical across countries. B) Social classes show distinct product and brand preferences in areas such as clothing and travel. C) Subcultures include nationalities and racial groups, but exclude religions. D) Subcultures are groups within which each individual has a unique and distinct value system. E) Hispanic Americans and African Americans are examples of racially-segregated groups and not subcultures. Answer: B AACSB: Diverse and multicultural work environments Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Moderate 19) Which of the following statements is true of social classes? A) Social classes are society's temporary divisions. B) Members of a social class have unique and distinct values, interests, and behaviors. C) People within a social class tend to exhibit similar buying behavior. D) Income is the single factor that determines social class. E) Social classes universally exhibit identical product and brand preferences. Answer: C AACSB: Diverse and multicultural work environments Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Moderate 20) Which of the following statements is true regarding social classes in the United States? A) Social class is determined by income alone. B) Lines between social classes in the United States are fixed and rigid. C) Social classes show distinct product preferences in clothing and automobiles. D) Wealth is more critical than education level in measuring social class. E) People are relegated to a permanent social class in the United States. Answer: C AACSB: Diverse and multicultural work environments Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Moderate 7 21) Family is one of the factors that influence consumer behavior. A) regional B) social C) personal D) psychological E) business Answer: B Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 22) are groups to which an individual wishes to belong, as when a young basketball player hopes to play someday for the Los Angeles Lakers. A) Membership groups B) Aspirational groups C) Leading adopters D) Subcultures E) Reference groups Answer: B AACSB: Diverse and multicultural work environments Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 23) A shoe manufacturing company uses ads featuring the members of a country music band with the hope that the band's fans will see them wearing the company's shoes and hence purchase the same brand of shoes. The shoe company believes that the band portrays the image of a to the band's fans. A) membership group B) reference group C) status symbol D) subculture E) lifestyle Answer: B AACSB: Analytical thinking Skill: Application Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Challenging 8 24) Rachel loves fashion and is always seen wearing the trendiest fashion outfits. She actively shares her knowledge with a wide group of friends and colleagues about where to shop for the latest fashion at great deals. Most of her friends and colleagues follow her fashion tips. Rachel portrays the image of a(n) . A) surrogate consumer B) lagging adopter C) opinion leader D) brand personality E) social networker Answer: C AACSB: Analytical thinking Skill: Application Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Challenging 25) are people within a reference group who, because of special skills, knowledge, personality, or other characteristics, exert influence on others. A) Opinion leaders B) Innovators C) Surrogate consumers D) Stealth marketers E) Lagging adopters Answer: A Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 26) Opinion leaders are also referred to as . A) influentials B) lower uppers C) innovators D) lagging adopters E) surrogate consumers Answer: A Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 9 27) are ambassadors who share their passion for a company's products with large circles of friends and acquaintances in return for insider knowledge and other rewards. A) Leading adopters B) Brand evangelists C) Surrogate consumers D) Market mavens E) Innovators Answer: B AACSB: Analytical thinking Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 28) Companies that use brand ambassadors are most likely involved in marketing. A) ambush B) spam C) buzz D) viral E) database Answer: C Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 29) Facebook and Second Life are both examples of . A) brand alliances B) opinion leaders C) social networks D) early adopters E) market mavens Answer: C AACSB: Information technology Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 30) Which of the following is characteristic of online social networks? A) use of one-way communication techniques B) negligible adoption rates C) guaranteed positive results D) easy methods to measure results E) user-controlled content Answer: E AACSB: Information technology Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Moderate 10 31) What is the most important consumer buying organization in society? A) family B) social class C) membership group D) subculture E) reference group Answer: A AACSB: Analytical thinking Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 32) A consists of the activities an individual is expected to perform according to the people around him/her. A) motive B) role C) lifestyle D) life cycle E) perception Answer: B Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 33) A buyer's decisions are influenced by such as the buyer's age and life-cycle stage, occupation, economic situation, lifestyle, personality, and self-concept. A) personal characteristics B) stereotypes C) perceptions D) attitudes E) psychographics Answer: A AACSB: Analytical thinking Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 11 34) Consumer information provider Nielsen uses a life-stage segmentation system that places U.S. households into one of 66 different life-stage groups. According to Nielsen's groups, which of the following refers to the group consisting of hip, single twenty-somethings who are politically liberal, listen to alternative music, and enjoy lively nightlife? A) Striving Singles B) Young Achievers C) Bohemian Mix D) Young Influentials E) Young Digerati Answer: B AACSB: Information technology Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 35) is a person's pattern of living as expressed in his/her psychographics, and it includes the individual's activities, interests, and opinions. A) Personality B) Culture C) Lifestyle D) Motive E) Social class Answer: C Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 36) In the context of the AIO dimensions for measuring consumers' lifestyles, "A" stands for . A) activities B) achievements C) admirations D) attitudes E) associations Answer: A Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 12 37) The latest trend in the United States involves rediscovering the benefits of home-cooked food and the use of organic ingredients. People are choosing to spend hours in the kitchen using only the freshest ingredients to cook healthy and nutritious meals. This change in is one of the reasons for the increasing demand for organic ingredients. A) self-concept B) subculture C) lifestyle D) personality E) life-cycle Answer: C AACSB: Analytical thinking Skill: Application Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Challenging 38) refers to the unique psychological characteristics that distinguish an individual or group. A) Attitude B) Belief C) Perception D) Personality E) Self-awareness Answer: D Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 39) Which of the following terms refers to a specific mix of human traits that may be attributed to a particular brand? A) brand perception B) brand identity C) brand personality D) brand concept E) brand equity Answer: C AACSB: Analytical thinking Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 13 40) Shoez Inc., a manufacturer of shoes, has recently launched a brand of sturdy shoes ideal for hiking and other outdoor activities. Which of the following brand personalities could be best associated with the new brand? A) sincerity B) excitement C) sophistication D) competence E) ruggedness Answer: E AACSB: Application of knowledge Skill: Application Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Moderate 41) Many marketers use the self-concept premise that people's possessions contribute to and reflect their identities—that is, "we are what we consume." According to this premise, consumers . A) buy products to support their self-image B) rarely identify with brand personalities C) are affected by opinion leaders D) compare product brands E) conduct primary research Answer: A AACSB: Application of knowledge Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Moderate 42) Harley-Davidson promotes its motorcycles with images of independence, freedom, and power. Harley-Davidson has created a . A) motive B) life-cycle stage C) self-concept D) brand personality E) self-actualization need Answer: D AACSB: Analytical thinking Skill: Application Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Challenging 14 43) A marketer of women's hair care products targeting Chinese customers created an advertising message that told women their hair could be worn any way they wanted as opposed to wearing it straight. The message suggested the women did not need to conform to the mainstream media definition of beauty. It is most accurate to say that this ad was based on an understanding of customers' . A) social class B) life-cycle stage C) self-concept D) status E) role Answer: C AACSB: Analytical thinking Skill: Application Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Challenging 44) A person's buying choices are influenced by four major psychological factors. Which of the following is NOT one of these factors? A) motivation B) perception C) association D) learning E) beliefs Answer: C Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 45) A is a need that is sufficiently pressing to direct a person to seek satisfaction. A) stimulus B) perception C) culture D) motive E) tradition Answer: D Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 15 46) According to Freud, a person's buying decisions are primarily affected by . A) family influences B) societal expectations C) brand images D) cultural norms E) subconscious motives Answer: E Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 47) refers to qualitative research designed to probe consumers' hidden, subconscious motivations. A) Perception analysis B) Subliminal analysis C) Motivation research D) Need recognition E) Market segmentation Answer: C Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 48) A marketing research company asked members of a focus group to describe several brands as animals. The purpose of the request is to measure the prestige of the various brands. This is an example of . A) brand strength analysis B) interpretive consumer research C) quantitative research D) buzz marketing E) brand extension Answer: B AACSB: Analytical thinking Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 49) Maslow's theory is that can be arranged in a hierarchy. A) marketing stimuli B) personal beliefs C) perceptions D) human needs E) decisions Answer: D Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 16 50) Which of the following is NOT part of Maslow's hierarchy of needs? A) physiological needs B) safety needs C) spiritual needs D) esteem needs E) social needs Answer: C Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 51) According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following is the LEAST pressing need? A) physiological needs B) social needs C) esteem needs D) self-actualization needs E) safety needs Answer: D AACSB: Analytical thinking Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy 52) is the process by which people select, organize, and interpret information to form a meaningful picture of the world. A) Motivation B) Perception C) Dissonance D) Learning E) Self-actualization Answer: B Skill: Concept Objective: LO 5.2: Name the four major factors that influence consumer buyer behavior. Difficulty: Easy