CompTIA 220-1001 Core 1 A+ Course Notes (2022/2023)

CompTIA 220-1001 Core 1 A+ Course Notes (2022/2023) Laptop Storage • SSD (Solid-state drive)• All memory, no moving parts • Silent, fast access time, less latency • 2.5 inch and 1.8 inch form factors Hybrid drive (SSHD) • Solid-state hybrid drive • Flash memory and hard drive storage • SSD caches the hard drive data Magnetic disk • Traditional spinning drive platters Replacing Laptop Storage • Can be very modular • Two screws and the drive slides out • All internal • Open a cover on the back • Open the entire laptop Laptop Memory • SO-DIMM Small Outline Dual In-line Memory Module • Micro-DIMM Micro-Dual In-line Memory Module • Memory used in laptops and mobile devices Smart card reader Integrated card reader • Built into the laptop External reader • USB connected Optical Drive Too large for today's portable devices • Becoming difficult to find Often removable • Replace with other media Read and write CD-RW/CD-ROM and DVD-RW/DVD- ROM • In a portable device Video Cards Often built into the processor • Not upgradable Sometimes part of the system board • Again, not upgradable Some laptops have upgradeable video cards • Not the slimline models screen LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) • Light and high-resolution Very, very fragile - Get a good case! Resolutions are fixed • Changes to native resolution may look blurry or not as crisp Laptop power - AC adapters Auto-switching or fixed input • Converts AC to DC • Input voltage - 110 volts / 220 volts DC jack on the laptop • Specific to the power supply type Laptop power - batteries Lithium-Ion (Li-ion) • Common in consumer electronics • No "memory effect" • Charging the battery diminishes capacity Laptop frame Plastic • Lightweight, mobile • Durable, difficult to break • Inexpensive, cost-effective Metal • More durable than plastic • Can be more difficult to repair Speaker Self-contained - Portable audio Not the highest quality - Very small Often stereo (L/R) - May include a subwoofer! system board Proprietary • Built to fit Replacement isn't easy • Swap the entire board • Most components are on the system board CPU (Central Processing Unit) Designed for mobility • Power management Integrated features • Memory controller, video controller Not very upgradeable • Replaceable, but not upgradeable Often slower than desktops • Size and heat are disadvantages Portable LCD Liquid crystal display - Light shines through liquid crystals Advantages • Lightweight • Relatively low power and relatively inexpensive Disadvantages • Black levels are a challenge • Requires separate backlight • Florescent, LED, etc. / Difficult to replace OLED on laptops Organic Light-Emitting Diode • Organic compound emits light when receiving an electric current Thinner and lighter • Flexible and mobile - no glass needed No backlight - The organic compound provides the light Not quite ready for laptops • Organic materials degrade over time • Decayed images can remain on the screen • More costly and power hungry than LCD Wi-Fi Antennas Multiple antennas - WiFi main and aux and Bluetooth Antenna wires wrap around the laptop screen Laptop webcam Video capture - Built-in camera and microphone Usually includes both audio and video • Specialized drivers and software microphone Built-in to the laptop - Useful for video calls Not good for non-casual use • Analog or USB microphones can help Fluorescent vs. LED backlighting LED-backlit LCD display • Backlight is LEDs instead of florescent • LEDs around the edge of the screen • An array of LEDs behind the screen CCFL - Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp