Veterinary Assisting Ch. 11 Questions and Answers 2023

Abscess - Answer- an accumulation of fluid (pus) in a dead space between tissues containing bacteria, white blood cells, and dead tissue Banded - Answer- means of nonsurgical castration in which a band is placed above the testicles, thus cutting off the blood supply, causing atrophy Tetanus - Answer- acute bacterial infection causing muscle stiffness and rigidity; of ten called lock jaw Antigen - Answer- any foreign material that is capable of stimulating an immune response Lymph - Answer- transparent yellowish fluid that travels through the lymphatic system, which helps to remove bacteria and proteins, transport fat, and supply lymphocytes Stocking Up - Answer- term used to describe an accumulation of fluid in the legs of horses that have been tied for excessive periods of time Phagocytized - Answer- process in which a cell engulfs and ingests particles Edema - Answer- swelling due to an accumulation of fluid Numoral Immunity - Answer- production of antibody in response to an antigen Primary Response - Answer- initial antibody production that occurs when an antigen is first introduced to the body Secondary Response - Answer- quick response mounted against a second exposure to an antigen, which typically prevents disease development Pus - Answer- accumulation of infection fighting cells, destroyed pathogens, dying tissue cells, and tissue fluid that results at the site of infection Modified Live Vaccine - Answer- Immunizations that are manufactured from altered versions of pathogens Killed Vaccines - Answer- immunizations that are manufactured from dead versions of pathogens Active Immunity - Answer- disease resistance resulting from exposure of an animal to a pathogen either through disease contraction or vaccination Passive Immunity - Answer- disease resistance resulting from transfer of antibodies from one animal to another Colostrums - Answer- antibody rich milk that is first produced by the mother and secreated initially after parturition Intranasally - Answer- in the nose Kennel Cough - Answer- disease involving severe cough, commonly occurs in dogs kept in close quarters Pruritus - Answer- severe itchiness Atopy - Answer- sensitization to foreign antigens Anaphylaxis - Answer- generalized life threatening allergic reaction Titer - Answer- measure of antibody levels Seroconversion - Answer- change in titer readings by four times ELISA Test - Answer- enzyme linked immunosorbent assay True - Answer- True or False: Horses may experience leg swelling when tied for an extended period of time. False - Answer- True or False: All pathogens have only one site of determinant. Interstitial - Answer- Lymph begins as ___________ fluid that forms between the cells. 4 to 5 days - Answer- What is the typical life span of plasma cells? Larger Molecules - Answer- Do larger or smaller molecules typically elicit the immune response? Antigenic Determinat - Answer- What is the site of recognition on an antigen called? Spleen - Answer- What removes aged red blood cells from circulation? Hypothalmus Gland - Answer- What gland controls body temperature? Molecules that are foreign to the body. - Answer- What type of molecule are antigens? Smallpox - Answer- What human disease is closely associated with cowpox? Edward Jenner - Answer- Who is credited with the first vaccination? Neutrophils and Macrophages - Answer- What two cells have the primary responsibility for phagocytizing antigens when first detected by the body? They can. - Answer- Do naturally occuring molecules cause an immune reaction? Yes - Answer- Do blood vessels dilate at the site of infection, causing reddening or inflammation? The higher temperature hinders the replication or kills an invading organism. - Answer- How does fever aid in th