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OMPI 1 - Espaces Vectoriels normés

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Condensé du cours de OMPI abordant les principaux thèmes de la matière comme : Espaces vectoriels, norme, produit scalaire...

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Uploaded on
March 13, 2023
Number of pages
14
Written in
2022/2023
Type
Class notes
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Gioana
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OMPI 1 - ESPACES
VECTORIELS NORMÉS

I ) Nornes


Soit F- 1K
Def : un sur sur E
'
eu , une norme :




II. 11
E -
R -1
vérifiait :



Hay ) C- F-2
i ) inégalité triangulaire :
, Katy " ≤ Hall -11411


ii )
homogénéité : tbc IR ,
the EE
;
Udall = HI Hall


iii ) the C- F-
Hall
, =
OR x =
0E

Exemple sur F- = Reki a


)
"
"
.




( ¥ lait)
"


norme euclidienne l
'
: txt =
Hella =
,
the =
Ë ,
E R
→ notre associée au
produit scalaire :

"

( Esa )
'

Valls =




R

Hall
.IE lait
'

norme l :
,
=



d "
°
'
→ norne l' , Vp C- 21 ; llxllp =
( .
/ai /P)




Exemple : sur F- = Ca / [aib]iR ) avec - • < a < b<
b
+ a
fixés
/
'

→ norme L : Hull - = lulu) / du
^ ,
a


b
Np
' → norme
LP :
Hully :( | lulu) / du .




Ï
a
(




i Ca Hull UK)
'
→ norme :
,
=
sup
a b relais]




II. Normes et distances




De / ✗ ensemble ✗
soit
quelconque Une distance



: un .
sur et une



application d : ✗ ✗ ✗ →
☒ + vérifiant :




i ) Inégalité triangulaire : d /x , z
) ≤ dla ,y ) +
dly , 2)
ii )
symétrie
:
they ) C- ✗ , dln , y ) =
dly , ) x

2
iii ) tla y ) ,
E ✗ ; dlu y )=o ,
✗ =
y

, 2

Distance associée à une norme :


set F- un ev et II. Il ne noue sur F-

l' d F- E distance
application : : ✗ → Rt et une .




thy ) →
dla , y) = Ux -


yll





Exemple Rd ?


1-
: sur




norme euclidienne distance euclidienne x
o




'
→ norme l
"
distance l ( taxi -
distance ) -




.
Remarque : il existe des distances non -
issues de normes




dans R2
Exemple distance SNCF

: :



^




a

+



Y
+



S




II. Élements de
topologie de F- UN




Set F- un K -
eu muni d' une nerve II. NE


Def Sat E E et 70 note

: x r
; on .




*
BE / x
,
r ) = { YEE ,
Ha y " <- r } ( boule ouverte )

* BE ln, r ) =
fy c- E ; Ha -

yl ≤ r } ( boule ferrée )


R2
Exemple dans


:



n d d




> > >




BIO ;) par II. 112 BIO, , ) par II. Il , 1310,1 ) par II. Ita
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