4N051 SSgt WAPS - Full SKT EXAM(ELABORATIONS) 100% Correct

4N051 SSgt WAPS - Full SKT EXAM(ELABORATIONS) 100% Correct Anterograde (Posttraumatic) Amnesia - ANSWER Inability to remember events after an injury. Basilar Skull Fractures - ANSWER Usually occur following diffuse impact to the head (such as falls, motor vehicle crashes); generally result from extension of a linear fracture to the base of the skull and can be difficult to diagnose with a radiograph (x-ray). Battle's Sign - ANSWER Bruising behind an ear over the mastoid process that may indicate a skull fracture. Cerebral Edema - ANSWER Swelling of the brain. Closed Head Injury - ANSWER Injury in which the brain ahs been injured but the skin has not been broken and there is no obvious bleeding. Concussion - ANSWER A temporary loss or alteration of part of all of the brain's abilities to function without actual physical damage to the brain. Connecting Nerves - ANSWER Nerves in the spinal cord that connect the motor and sensory nerves. Coup-Contrecoup Injury - ANSWER Dual impacting of the brain into the skull; coup injury occurs at the point of impact; Contrecoup injury occurs on the opposite side of impact, as the brain rebounds. Distraction - ANSWER the action of pulling the spine along its length. Epidural Hematoma - ANSWER An accumulation of blood between the skull and the dura mater. Eyes-Forward Position - ANSWER A head position in which the patient's eyes are looking straight ahead and the head and torso are in line. Four-Person Log Roll - ANSWER The recommended procedure for moving a patient with a suspected spinal injury from the ground to a long backboard. Intervertebral Disk - ANSWER The cushion that lies between two vertebrae. Intracerebral Hematoma - ANSWER Bleeding within the brain tissue (parenchyma) itself; also referred to as an intraparenchymal hematoma. ICP - ANSWER Intracranial Pressure. Intracranial Pressure (ICP) - ANSWER The pressure within the cranial vault. Involuntary Activities - ANSWER Actions of the body that are not under a person's conscious control. Linear Skull Fractures - ANSWER Account for 80% of skull fractures; also referred to as nondisplaced skull fractures; commonly occur in the temporal-parietal region of the skull; not associated with deformities to the skull. Meninges - ANSWER Three distinct layers of tissue that surround and protect the brain and the spinal cord within the skull and the spinal canal. Open Head Injury - ANSWER Injury to the head often caused by a penetrating object in which there may be bleeding and exposed brain tissue. Primary (Direct) Injury - ANSWER An injury to the brain and its associated structures that is a direct result of impact to the head. Raccoon Eyes - ANSWER Bruising under the eyes that may indicate a skull fracture. Retrograde Amnesia - ANSWER The inability to remember events leading up to a head injury. Secondary (Indirect) Injury - ANSWER The "after effects" of the primary injury; includes abnormal processes such as cerebral edema, increased intracranial pressure, cerebral ischemia and hypoxia, and infection; onset is often delayed following the primary brain injury. Subarachnoid Hemorrhage - ANSWER Bleeding into the subarachnoid space, where the cerebrospinal fluid circulates. Subdural Hematoma - ANSWER An accumulation of blood beneath the dura mater but outside the brain. Subluxation - ANSWER A partial or incomplete dislocation. TBI - ANSWER Traumatic Brain Injury Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) - ANSWER A traumatic insult to the brain capable of producing physical, intellectual, emotional, social, and vocational changes. Voluntary Activities - ANSWER Actions that we consciously perform, in which sensory input or conscious thought determines a specific muscular activity. developmental disability - ANSWER insufficient development of the brain resulting in some level of dysfunction or impairment. Can include intellectual, hearing, or vision impairments that surface during infanthood or childhood autism spectrum disorder (ASD) - ANSWER a group of complex disorders of brain development characterized by difficulties in social interaction, repetitive behaviors, and verbal and nonverbal communication down syndrome - ANSWER a genetic chromosomal defect that can occur during fetal development and that results in intellectual impairment as well as certain physical characteristics such as a round head with a flat occiput and slanted wide set eyes. Increased maternal age and family history are known risk factors for this condition.