NR 283 Pathophysiology Exam 2 Questions And Answers

NR 283 Pathophysiology Exam 2 Questions And Answers Arteries - CORRECT ANSWERS transport blood away from heart Veins - CORRECT ANSWERS transport blood to the heart capillaries - CORRECT ANSWERS microcirculation within tissue systemic circulation - CORRECT ANSWERS exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes in tissues pulmonary circulation - CORRECT ANSWERS gas exchange in the lungs function of plasma proteins - CORRECT ANSWERS osmotic pressure, antibody, and blood clots erythrocytes - CORRECT ANSWERS contain hemoglobin, life span of about 20 days erythropoietin - CORRECT ANSWERS produced in the kidney, stimulates erythrocyte production 3 steps of blood clotting (hemostasis) - CORRECT ANSWERS 1. vasoconstriction of vascular spasm after injury 2. platelet clot 3. coagulation mechanism Rh+ - CORRECT ANSWERS antigen D in plasma membrane Rh- - CORRECT ANSWERS absence of antigen D anemia - CORRECT ANSWERS causes a reduction in oxygen transport, basic problem is hemoglobin deficit oxygen deficit leads to - CORRECT ANSWERS less energy production in all cells, tachycardia and peripheral vasoconstriction-compensation mechanisms general signs of anemia - CORRECT ANSWERS fatigue, pallor, dyspnea, tachycardia, decreased regeneration of epithelial cells, severe anemia may lead to angina of CHF iron deficiency anemia - CORRECT ANSWERS insufficient iron impairs hemoglobin synthesis etiology of iron deficiency anemia - CORRECT ANSWERS dietary intake of iron below minimum, chronic blood loss, impaired duodenal absorption of iron, severe liver disease signs and symptoms of iron deficiency anemia - CORRECT ANSWERS general signs of anemia + spoon shaped and ridged nails, brittle hair, stomatitis, glossitis, menstrual irregularities, delayed healing pernicious anemia (vitamin B12 deficiency) - CORRECT ANSWERS lack of intrinsic factor, intrinsic factor secreted by gastric mucosa, required for intestinal absorption of vitamin B12, B12 needed for function of neurons etiology of pernicious anemia - CORRECT ANSWERS dietary insufficiency, malabsorption, surgery, such as gastrectomy signs and symptoms of pernicious anemia - CORRECT ANSWERS general signs, tongue enlarged, red, sore, and shiny, digestive discomfort, feeling of pins and needles, tingling of limbs aplastic anemia - CORRECT ANSWERS impairment or failure of bone marrow leading to loss of stem cells and pancytopenia pancytopenia - CORRECT ANSWERS decreased numbers of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets in the blood etiology of aplastic anemia - CORRECT ANSWERS myelotoxins: radiation, industrial chemicals, drugs, genetic abnormalities, hep C, SLE