LECTURE NOTES
ON
OPERATING SYSTEM
SUBJECT CODE: PCCS 4304 (3-0-0)
, PCCS4304 OPERATING SYSTEM (3-0-0)
MODULE-I 12 Hours
INTRODUCTION TO OPERATING SYSTEM:
What is an Operating System? Simple Batch Systems, Multiprogramming and Time Sharing
systems. Personal Computer Systems, Parallel Systems, Distributed Systems and Real time
Systems.
Operating System Structures: Operating System Services, System components, Protection
system, Operating System Services, system calls
PROCESS MANAGEMENT:
Process Concept, Process Scheduling, Operation on Processes, Interprocess communication,
Examples of IPC Systems, Multithreading Models, Threading Issues, Process Scheduling Basic
concepts, scheduling criteria, scheduling algorithms, Thread Scheduling.
MODULE-II 12 Hours
PROCESS COORDINATION: Synchronization: The Critical section problem, Peterson’s solution,
Synchronization hardware, Semaphores, Classical problems of synchronization, Monitors.
Deadlocks: System model, Deadlock Characterization Methods for Handling Deadlocks,
Deadlock Prevention, Deadlock avoidance, Deadlock Detection, recovery from Deadlock.
MEMORY MANAGEMENT: Memory Management strategies, Logical versus Physical Address
space, swapping, contiguous Allocation, Paging, Segmentation.
Virtual Memory: Background, Demand paging, performance of Demand paging, Page
Replacement, Page Replacement Algorithms. Allocation of frames, Thrashing, Demand
Segmentation.
MODULE-III 11 Hours
STORAGE MANAGEMENT:
File System Concept, Access Methods, File System Structure, File System Structure, File
System Implementation, Directory implementation, Efficiency and Performance, Recovery,
Overview of Mass Storage Structure, Disk Structure, Disk Scheduling, Disk Management, Swap-
Space Management, I/O System Overview, I/O Hardware, Application I/O Interface, Kernel I/O
Subsystem, Transforming I/O Request to Hardware Operation. CASE STUDIES: The LINUX
System, Windows XP, Windows Vista
TEXT BOOK:
Operating System Concepts – Abraham Silberschatz, Peter Baer Galvin, Greg Gagne, 8th
edition, Wiley-India, 2009.
Mordern Operating Systems – Andrew S. Tanenbaum, 3rd Edition, PHI
Operating Systems: A Spiral Approach – Elmasri, Carrick, Levine, TMH Edition
REFERENCE BOOK:
Operating Systems – Flynn, McHoes, Cengage Learning
Operating Systems – Pabitra Pal Choudhury, PHI
Operating Systems – William Stallings, Prentice Hall
Operating Systems – H.M. Deitel, P. J. Deitel, D. R. Choffnes, 3rd Edition, Pearson
,MODULE-I
Introduction to OS
A program that acts as an intermediary between a user of a computer and
the computer hardware
Operating system goals:
Execute user programs and make solving user problems easier
Make the computer system convenient to use
Use the computer hardware in an efficient manner
Computer System Structure
Computer system can be divided into four components
Hardware – provides basic computing resources
CPU, memory, I/O devices
Operating system
Controls and coordinates use of hardware among various
applications and users
Application programs – define the ways in which the system resources are
used to solve the computing problems of the users
Word processors, compilers, web browsers, database systems, video
games
Users
People, machines, other computers
, OS Definition
OS is a resource allocator
Manages all resources
Decides between conflicting requests for efficient and fair resource use
OS is a control program
Controls execution of programs to prevent errors and improper use of
the computer
Computer Startup
bootstrap program is loaded at power-up or reboot
Typically stored in ROM or EPROM, generally known as firmware
Initializes all aspects of system
Loads operating system kernel and starts execution
ON
OPERATING SYSTEM
SUBJECT CODE: PCCS 4304 (3-0-0)
, PCCS4304 OPERATING SYSTEM (3-0-0)
MODULE-I 12 Hours
INTRODUCTION TO OPERATING SYSTEM:
What is an Operating System? Simple Batch Systems, Multiprogramming and Time Sharing
systems. Personal Computer Systems, Parallel Systems, Distributed Systems and Real time
Systems.
Operating System Structures: Operating System Services, System components, Protection
system, Operating System Services, system calls
PROCESS MANAGEMENT:
Process Concept, Process Scheduling, Operation on Processes, Interprocess communication,
Examples of IPC Systems, Multithreading Models, Threading Issues, Process Scheduling Basic
concepts, scheduling criteria, scheduling algorithms, Thread Scheduling.
MODULE-II 12 Hours
PROCESS COORDINATION: Synchronization: The Critical section problem, Peterson’s solution,
Synchronization hardware, Semaphores, Classical problems of synchronization, Monitors.
Deadlocks: System model, Deadlock Characterization Methods for Handling Deadlocks,
Deadlock Prevention, Deadlock avoidance, Deadlock Detection, recovery from Deadlock.
MEMORY MANAGEMENT: Memory Management strategies, Logical versus Physical Address
space, swapping, contiguous Allocation, Paging, Segmentation.
Virtual Memory: Background, Demand paging, performance of Demand paging, Page
Replacement, Page Replacement Algorithms. Allocation of frames, Thrashing, Demand
Segmentation.
MODULE-III 11 Hours
STORAGE MANAGEMENT:
File System Concept, Access Methods, File System Structure, File System Structure, File
System Implementation, Directory implementation, Efficiency and Performance, Recovery,
Overview of Mass Storage Structure, Disk Structure, Disk Scheduling, Disk Management, Swap-
Space Management, I/O System Overview, I/O Hardware, Application I/O Interface, Kernel I/O
Subsystem, Transforming I/O Request to Hardware Operation. CASE STUDIES: The LINUX
System, Windows XP, Windows Vista
TEXT BOOK:
Operating System Concepts – Abraham Silberschatz, Peter Baer Galvin, Greg Gagne, 8th
edition, Wiley-India, 2009.
Mordern Operating Systems – Andrew S. Tanenbaum, 3rd Edition, PHI
Operating Systems: A Spiral Approach – Elmasri, Carrick, Levine, TMH Edition
REFERENCE BOOK:
Operating Systems – Flynn, McHoes, Cengage Learning
Operating Systems – Pabitra Pal Choudhury, PHI
Operating Systems – William Stallings, Prentice Hall
Operating Systems – H.M. Deitel, P. J. Deitel, D. R. Choffnes, 3rd Edition, Pearson
,MODULE-I
Introduction to OS
A program that acts as an intermediary between a user of a computer and
the computer hardware
Operating system goals:
Execute user programs and make solving user problems easier
Make the computer system convenient to use
Use the computer hardware in an efficient manner
Computer System Structure
Computer system can be divided into four components
Hardware – provides basic computing resources
CPU, memory, I/O devices
Operating system
Controls and coordinates use of hardware among various
applications and users
Application programs – define the ways in which the system resources are
used to solve the computing problems of the users
Word processors, compilers, web browsers, database systems, video
games
Users
People, machines, other computers
, OS Definition
OS is a resource allocator
Manages all resources
Decides between conflicting requests for efficient and fair resource use
OS is a control program
Controls execution of programs to prevent errors and improper use of
the computer
Computer Startup
bootstrap program is loaded at power-up or reboot
Typically stored in ROM or EPROM, generally known as firmware
Initializes all aspects of system
Loads operating system kernel and starts execution
