FTCE Professional Education Test| 306 questions| with complete solutions

Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development correct answer: The theory that holds moral reasoning, the basis for ethical behavior, has six identifiable developmental stages, each more adequate at responding to moral dilemmas than its predecessor. Kohlberg's Levels correct answer: Level 1. Preconventional Morality Level 11. Convetional Morality Level 111. Postconvetional Morality Kohlberg's 6 Stages correct answer: Stage 1. Obedience and Punishment Orientation Stage 2. Individualism and Exchange Stage 3. Good Interpersonal Relationships Stage 4. Maintaining the Social Order Stage 5. Social Contract and Individual Rights Stage 6. Universal Principles Stage 1. Obedience and Punishment Orientation correct answer: The child usually responds in terms of the consequences involved, explaining that stealing is bad "because you'll get punished." See morality as something external to themselves, as that which the big people say they must do. Stage 2. Individualism and Exchange correct answer: Children recognize that there is not just one right view that is handed down by authorities. Different individuals have different viewpoints. Punishment is simply a risk that one naturally wants to avoid. Stage 3. Good Interpersonal Relationships correct answer: Children entering their teens see morality as more than simple deals. They believe that people should live up to the expectations of the family and community and behave in "good" ways. Stage 4. Maintaining the Social Order correct answer: The respondent becomes more broadly concerned with society as a whole. Emphasis is on obeying laws, respecting authority, and performing one's duties so that the social order is maintained. Stage 5. Social Contract and Individual Rights correct answer: People begin to ask, "What makes for a good society?" They begin to think about society in a very theoretical way, stepping back from their own society and considering the rights and values that a society ought to be uphold. Stage 6. Universal Principles correct answer: Protect certain individual rights and settle disputes through democratic processes. Piaget's 4 Stages of Cognitive Development correct answer: 1. Sensorimotor: (birth to about age 2) 2. Preoperational: ( begins about the time the child starts to talk to about