Summary Vocabulary year 1

Cram

Answer: Study in a very concentrated way for a short time

Rote-learning

Answer: Learning purely by repetition

Mnemonics

Answer: Trick that helps you remember something

Dissertation

Answer: A long, research-based work, perhaps 10-15k words, for a degree or diploma

Acknowledge

Answer: Give details of

Adherent

Answer: A person who supports a particular idea or party

Convert

Answer: Someone who has taken on a new set of beliefs

Reactionary

Answer: (Disapproving) Someone opposed to change or new ideas

Derives from

Answer: Has its origins in

Eradicate

Answer: Abolish or get rid of

Diplomacy

Answer: Activity concerning the relationships between governments

Sanctions

Answer: Official orders, such as the stopping of trade, taken against a country to make it obey international law

Casualties

Answer: People injured or killed (Who are not members of the military or the police)

Escalate

Answer: Gecome greater or more serious

Brutal suppression

Answer: Violent and cruel ending of the right or freedom to do something

Once upon a blue moon

Answer: Very infrequently

Till the cows come home

Answer: Forever

Over the hill

Answer: Too old

Fleeting

Answer: Brief or quick

Transient

Answer: Lasting for only a short time - formal

Generate

Answer: Often used in contexts where people are forced to do more than usual, and in computer contexts. It sometimes has a rather negative feel. -Formal

Provoked

Answer: To trigger a reaction

Percipitated

Answer: Quickly, suddenly caused

Stem for

Answer: Be a result of

Two/threefold

Answer: Multiplied by that number

Drastic

Answer: Severe and sudden

Deviated from the norm

Answer: Moved from the standard of accepted form

Fluctuate

Answer: Changed to a higher number

Seesawed

Answer: Gone up and down at regular intervals

Tally with

Answer: Match or agree with

Concurs with

Answer: Share/agree with an idea/opinion

Accord with

Answer: Be in complete agreement with

Coincide with

Answer: Be the same as

Dissent

Answer: Opposition to the accepted way of thinking

Advocate

Answer: Argue in favor of

Deduce

Answer: Reaching a conclusion by thinking carefully about the known facts

Infer

Answer: Reaching a conclusion indirectly

Complement

Answer: Combines well with someone else\'s work, so that each piece of work becomes more effective

Empirical

Answer: Based on what is observed rather than theory

Reiterated

Answer: Repeated, restated

Epitomise

Answer: Are a perfect example of

Expounded

Answer: Developed, proposed

Posited

Answer: Suggested as a basic fact of principle

Subsumed

Answer: Brought together, united

Attained

Answer: Reached

Bestowed on

Answer: Given to

Demolished

Answer: Knock down

Adjoining

Answer: Next to

Undersigned

Answer: The person who wrote this letter

Let\'s cross the street (US)

Answer: Let\'s cross the road (UK)

Kitty-corner (US)

Answer: Diagonally opposite (UK)

Gas station (US)

Answer: Petrol station (UK)

Crosswalk (US)

Answer: Pedestrian / zebra crossing (UK)

Intersection (US)

Answer: Junction (UK)

Have a craving / thirst

Answer: Want very strongly

Coveted

Answer: Want to possess something very much

Defuse

Answer: Make a dangerous situation calmer

Placate

Answer: Stop someone from feeling angry

Conciliate

Answer: To end a disagreement between two people or groups by acting in a friendly way towards both sides

Highbrow / lowbrow

Answer: Highbrow: Intended for educated, intelligent people. Often used in a disapproving way. Lowbrow: Opposite of Highbrow

Inured to

Answer: Not affected by

Impenetrable

Answer: Extremely difficult to understand

Evocative

Answer: Calling up images and memories

Thought-provoking

Answer: Making people think

Poingnant

Answer: Moving and sad

Chronicle

Answer: Description of a sequence of events

Enigmatic

Answer: Mysterious

Macabre

Answer: Often cruel or disgusting, concerned with dead

Lightweight

Answer: Not complex, slightly negative connection

Squat

Answer: Empty building where people start living without the owner\'s permission

Hovel

Answer: Very small, dirty house or a flat in a bad condition

Run down

Answer: Bad condition

Council/social housing

Answer: Rented accommodation provided by the state for people who cannot afford to buy their own house

High rise/tower blocks

Answer: Flats in a tall, modern building with a lot of floors

Overrate

Answer: Not as good as people say

Hackneyed

Answer: Done so often it is boring

Disjointed

Answer: Unconnected and not in clear order

Risqué

Answer: Against accepted social standards and likely to shock some people

Far-fetched

Answer: Impossible to believe

Off colour Out of sorts Under the weather Coming down with

Answer: Not well but not seriously ill, said in an unformal way

Bunged up

Answer: Blocked (informal)

On the mend

Answer: Getting better

Aches and pains

Answer: Non-serious way to refer to minor problems

Shivery

Answer: Shaking slightly, usually because of a fever

Limp

Answer: Uneven step because one leg hurts

Stagger

Answer: Unsteady step because you\'re drunk or ill

Lurch

Answer: Sudden or irregular movement because you\'re drunk, ill, or walking on a moving ship

Amble

Answer: Easy, gentle movement for pleasure or relaxations

Stride

Answer: Long, purposeful steps

Insolent

Answer: Rude and not showing respect

Straitlaced

Answer: Having old-fashioned and fixed morals

Twitch

Answer: Nervous small repeated movement with parts of the body

Flinch

Answer: Sudden small movement because of pain or fear

Squirm

Answer: Move from side to side in an awkward way because of embarrassment or nervousness

Snag Hitch

Answer: Fairly small difficulties

Impediment

Answer: Prevents free action, progress or movement

Setback

Answer: Progress has been stopped by something

Stumbling block

Answer: Something that prevents action or agreement

Pitfall

Answer: Unexpected difficulty (often used in the plural)

Fishing for Back-handed compliment Heap/shower praise

Answer: To give a compliment

Pay tribute to

Answer: Praise (formal)

Extol the virtues

Answer: Praise highly (formal)

Laud

Answer: To praise highly in official situations

Worked like a dream

Answer: A plan succeeded absolutely perfectly

Went/ran like clockwork

Answer: It went smoothly with no difficulties

It is up and running

Answer: It has begun to work as planned

It is falling into place

Answer: It is on the point of starting to work well

Is looking up

Answer: Is looking very positive

Opportunistic

Answer: Using situations for your own benefit

Methodical

Answer: Systematic, careful

Chauvinistic

Answer: Too patriotic

Obliging

Answer: Ready to help

Superficial

Answer: Not caring about serious things

Scrawny

Answer: Unattractively thin and bony-looking

Lanky

Answer: Very tall, thin and usually moving awkwardly

Ganging/gangly

Answer: TTall, with long, thin arms and legs and usually awkward movements, usually used of men and boys

Stout

Answer: With a quite fat, solid body: Used of men and women

Stocky

Answer: Short and with a body that is wide across the chest

Impetuous

Answer: Acts on a sudden idea without thinking first. Often said in a negative way

Effusive

Answer: Gives exaggerated expressions of pleasure, praise or gratitude

Taciturn

Answer: Reserved or says very little generally used in a negative way

Diffident

Answer: Lacks confidence

Aloof

Answer: Unfriendly and not sociable

Head over heels

Answer: Fall deeply and madly in love

Infatuated with

Answer: Romantiaclly obsessed with

Besotted with

Answer: Almost stupidly or blindly in love with

Platonic relationship

Answer: Affectionate relationship between people of the opposite sex that is not sexual

Hit it off

Answer: Like each other the moment you met

Staunchest ally

Answer: Someone you can always rely on to support you

Arch rivals

Answer: People in competition with each other in a negative, aggressive way

Sworn enemies

Answer: People who will always hate each other

Scrupulously honest

Answer: Extremely honest

Unswerving loyalty

Answer: Support in good or bad times

Antipathy

Answer: A feeling of strong, often active, dislike or opposition towards something or someone

Have an aversion of

Answer: A feeling of intense dislike or an unillingness to do something

Loathing

Answer: Intense hatred

Abhorrence

Answer: Intense disgust

Scorn

Answer: Lack of respect for something

Fruitful

Answer: Produces good results

Lucrative

Answer: Makes a lot of money

Dabbler

Answer: PPerson who never kkeeps doing one activity for long

Went off

Answer: Stopped liking, lost interest in

Keen participant

Answer: Takes part enthusiastically

Give way

Answer: Stop at a junction if there is traffix passing before entering a bigger road

Has the right of way

Answer: Is allowed to go before other traffic

Pedestrian crossing

Answer: Often called a zebra crossing

Ban

Answer: Removal of one\'s driver\'s license

Exhaust emissions

Answer: Waste gases produces by the vehicle

Half board

Answer: Usually breakfast and one other meal

Full board

Answer: All meals included

Low cost

Answer: Cheap

National carrier

Answer: National airline

Scheduled flight

Answer: A normal, regular flight

Sweltering

Answer: Hot

Chucking it down

Answer: Pouring

Muggy/clammy

Answer: Humid

Prevailing

Answer: Collocats strongly with social climate

Snowed under

Answer: Overworked, exceptionally busy

Landing card

Answer: Form with your personal details and date of arrival

Custom declaration form

Answer: Form showing how much money and what goods you are carrying

Entry regulations

Answer: Rules about who can enter the country and for how long

Vaccination certificate

Answer: Paper proving you have the necessary health injections

Spot checks

Answer: Checks done as sample, rather than checking everyone or everything

Cenetary

Answer: 100th anniversary

Bi-cenitary

Answer: 200th anniversary

Flamboyant

Answer: Extremely colourful and eaggerated

Coronation

Answer: Event where a king or queen receives his or her crown

Conquests

Answer: When somebody or an army defeats and takes over another country

Shreds

Answer: Very small amounts

Infantry

Answer: Soldiers on foot (uncountable)

Calvary

Answer: Soldiers on horseback (uncountable)

Fundamentally

Answer: In a basic and important way

Denial

Answer: Not allowing people to have

Violation

Answer: Act that spoils or destroys something

Poverty line

Answer: Fixed minimum standards

Penury

Answer: Extreme poverty

Lobby

Answer: Try to influence the opinions of MB and lords

Petition

Answer: Formal process involving sending written appeal to an MP, following a set format, which is then presented to the commons by the MP

Bill

Answer: Proposal for a law currently under discussion

Rallies

Answer: Large political meetings or demonstrations

Constitutes

Answer: People who voted for them

Liberation

Answer: The act or process of trying to achieve equal rihts and status

Solidarity

Answer: Unity of purpose, interest or sympathy

Delegates

Answer: Representatives

Infrastructure

Answer: Basic system and services such as transport

Undertaken

Answer: Promise

Bend the law/rules

Answer: To break the law/rules in a way that is considered not to be very harmful

Contravene

Answer: To break a law

Infringe

Answer: To break a law/rule

Impeach

Answer: To make a formal statement saying that a person in public office has commited a serious offence

Verdict

Answer: Decision made in court

Broadcast

Answer: Radio and TV

Pressure groups

Answer: People trying to influence what other people think about a particular issue

Soundbite

Answer: Short, memorable sentence or phrase that will be repeated in news bulletins and articles

Coverage

Answer: Media attention

Rag, gutter press

Answer: A disapproving term used about the kind of newspapers and magazines that are more interested in crime and sex than serious news

Primary care

Answer: A patien\'s main source for regular medical care

Surgery

Answer: Small centre offering primary care, run by a single GP or a group of GP\'s

Clinic

Answer: Centre which specialises in treating a particular condition or group of conditions

Rambling

Answer: A lot of space

Cramped

Answer: A very small space

Congested

Answer: Full of traffic, people etc.

Hemmed in

Answer: Surrounded by people and not able to move

Poky

Answer: Informal way of saying there\'s too little space