CNA Chapter 8: Nutrition and Hydration questions and answers with complete solutions

CNA Chapter 8: Nutrition and Hydration questions and answers with complete solutions Sources include seafood, dried beans, poultry, and soy products. Protein A person can only live a few days without this. Water These help the body store energy. Fats These add flavor to food and help to absorb certain vitamins. Fats They are essential for tissue growth and repair. Proteins These may come from olives, nuts, and dairy products. Fats The body cannot make most of these nutrients; they must be obtained through certain foods. Vitamins These provide fiber, which is necessary for bowel elimination. Carbohydrates Examples include bread, cereal, and potatoes. Carbohydrates This is the most essential nutrient for life. Water Categories include monounsaturated and saturated. Fats Through perspiration, this helps to maintain body temperature. Water Can be fat-soluble or water-soluble. Vitamins These build bones and help in blood formation. Minerals Iron and calcium are examples. Minerals MyPlate's guidelines state that half of a person's plate should be made up of Vegetables and fruits What vegetable colors have the best nutritional content? Dark green, red, and orange Most of a person's fruit choices should be whole, cut-up, or puréed What kinds of grains are best to consume? whole grains What is considered a plant-based protein? beans, peas, soy-based products, vegetarian meat substitute, nuts, and seeds Oatmeal and pasta are examples of foods made up from which food group? Grains Most dairy choices should be low fat (0%-1%) What is an example of a food considered high in sodium? pickle Diabetic Diet Carb counting may be part of this diet, as the amount of carbohydrates eaten must be carefully regulated Fluid-Restricted Diet to prevent further heart or kidney damage, doctors may restrict fluid intake on this diet Liquid Diet This diet consists of foods that are in a liquid state at body temperature and are usually ordered as clear or full Low-Fat Diet People who have heart disease or who have had heart attacks may be placed on this diet, which limits the intake of saturated fat. Low-Protein Diet People who have kidney disease may also be on this diet which encourages food like Breads and pasta Low-Sodium Diet Salt is restricted on this diet Modified Calorie Diet This diet is used for losing weight or preventing weight gain Puréed Diet This diet consists of soft or chopped foods that are easy to chew. Foods that are hard to chew and swallow, such as raw vegetables, are restricted. Soft diet and mechanical soft diet The food used in this diet has been ground into a thick paste of baby-food consistency. Vegetarian Diet Health reasons, a dislike of meat, a compassion for animals, or a belief in non-violence may lead a person to this diet True/False: Fluid overload occurs when the body is unable to handle the amount of fluid consumed. True True/False: If a resident has an NPO order, he can drink water but no other type of fluid. False True/False: The sense of thirst lessens as a person ages. True True/False: People can become dehydrated by vomiting too much. True True/False: A symptom of fluid overload is edema if the extremities. True True/False: In order to prevent dehydration, the nursing assistant (NA) should offer fresh fluids to residents often. True True/False: One symptom of dehydration is dark urine. True True/False: A resident who has swallowing problems should suck on ice chips regularly. False True/False: The NA should make sure that the water pitcher and cup are light enough for the resident to lift. True Encourage residents to ___. eat Give _________ before and after meals. oral care Honor residents' ____ likes and dislikes. food Offer different kinds of foods and _________. beverages Allow enough ____ for residents to finish eating. time Tell the nurse if a resident has trouble using ________. utensils Position residents sitting _______. Upright If a resident has had a loss of _______________________, ask about it. appetite and/or seems sad Record meal/snack ______. intake Should be washed before residents eat hands Proper position for eating that helps prevent swallowing problems. Upright Something that has a positive effect on eating and helps prevent loneliness and boredom. socializing Use of eyeglasses, hearing aids, and these should be encouraged dentures Devices that help residents with eating. assistive noise level should be kept_______when residents are eating low True/False: It is important for the NA to identify each resident before serving a meal tray. True True/False: The NA should remain standing while feeding a resident. False True/False: The resident's mouth should be empty before the NA offers another bite of food. True True/False: The NA should refer to puréed carrots as "orange stuff" so the resident knows which food the NA is talking about. False True/False: To promote a healthy appetite, the NA should remain silent while helping a resident eat. False True/False: If the food is too hot, the NA should blow on it for a few minutes until it is cool enough for the resident to eat. False True/False: Residents should be sitting upright at a 90 degree angle for eating. True True/False: If a resident wants to eat his dessert first, the NA should explain that it is unhealthy and suggest that he begin with his entree. False True/False: Alternating cold and hot foods or bland foods and sweets can help increase appetite. True True/False: The NA should insist that resident's use clothing protectors when eating to help keep clothing clean. False