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Annual Budget - ✔✔-an outline, given by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, of planned government
expenditure for the next financial year.
Annual equivalent rate (AER) - ✔✔-the interest rate that would be paid on a savings account if you were
to leave the money in the account for a full year.
Annual percentage rate (APR) - ✔✔-the interest that would be charged on a sum borrowed over one full
year; used to measure the interest rate on
loans, mortgages and credit cards; the calculation includes the fees that lenders charge automatically on
the product, so that it gives a clear picture of the cost.
Asset - ✔✔-anything that a person owns that has a monetary value, such as a house, car, stereo,
jewellery and so on.
Austerity - ✔✔-a government measure to reduce the amount of money it
spends (usually reduced wages and benefits), resulting in difficult financial conditions for a population.
Bad debt - ✔✔-debt that can never be paid off.
Bank rate - ✔✔-the official interest rate as set by the Bank of England.
Banking industry - ✔✔-banks, buildings societies and other businesses that offer financial products and
services; part of the private sector.
,Barter - ✔✔-the exchange of goods and services for payment of other goods and services without using
money.
Basket of goods - ✔✔-the representative items that a household buys over a period of time on which
inflation calculations are based.
Benefits - ✔✔-(1) money and other financial support (such as reduced bus
and train fares or provision of housing) that the government provides for people who are unable to get
any other income; (2) payments that the
government makes to someone who is entitled to receive them (eg Jobseeker's Allowance).
Bill - ✔✔-a law that has been passed.
Birth rate - ✔✔-the numbers of children born in a year, compared to the
population total.
Bonds - ✔✔-a certificate that shows you have bought the debt from a
company or the government, in return for which the company or government pays a fixed amount of
money in interest each year.
Budget - ✔✔-a plan for how you will use your income, including spending
and saving.
Bureau de change - ✔✔-a business that deals in currency exchange.
Cabinet - ✔✔-a committee of senior government ministers who are
responsible for setting government policy.
Capacity building - ✔✔-making local communities self-sustaining.
, Capital - ✔✔-the money with which a business starts or the original amount of debt taken out.
Capital gains tax - ✔✔-a tax on the increase in value of an asset, such as land or shares.
Cash - ✔✔-banknotes and coins.
Cash flow - ✔✔-all of your money coming in and money going out.
Cashless society - ✔✔-a social system in which no cash is used to pay for
goods and services.
Charity - ✔✔-(1) an organisation set up to help a particular group or issue;
(2) the act of donating money or time to a cause.
Charity sector - ✔✔-charities and other non-government organisations that
are run not for profit, but for the good of society.
Coalition - ✔✔-when two or more political parties join together to form a
majority in Parliament because neither of them could do so by
themselves.
Commission - ✔✔-an amount charged by currency exchange services as a flat fee for the service of
buying or selling foreign currencies.
Communist economy - ✔✔-a type of market economy in which government makes all of the decisions.
Commuter belt - ✔✔-an area just outside a city, in which people live and from which they travel into the
city to work each day.