APHA Immunization Exam 2023 with Complete Solutions

Which of the following vaccines is recommended for infants to receive at birth? - ANSWER-Hepatitis B The documentation system that health care providers should use to report serious adverse events after vaccination is: - ANSWER-VAERS. Which of the following is most likely to result in an influenza pandemic? - ANSWER-Antigenic shift in an influenza A virus Barbara is a 60-year-old woman who presents to the pharmacy for two vaccines: HZV and IIV. Which of the following are the appropriate doses and routes for administering these vaccines to this patient? - ANSWER-HZV 0.65 mL subcutaneously; IIV 0.5 mL intramuscularly. According to ACIP recommendations, which of the following needle lengths would be appropriate for administering HZV to an adult patient? - ANSWER-⅝ inch. Which of the following statements is true regarding varicella-containing vaccines? - ANSWER-The potency of HZV is greater than that of varicella vaccine All Medicare Part B enrollees are covered for which vaccines? - ANSWER-Influenza and pneumococcal. Kyle is a 5-year-old boy who is up to date with his vaccinations. He has never experienced any adverse effects from vaccinations. At his next well-child check-up, Kyle will be receiving the following vaccines: IPV, MMR, varicella vaccine, and a tetanus-containing vaccine. Which of the following tetanus-containing vaccines would be appropriate for him? - ANSWER-DTaP Which of the following is a requirement of Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA's) Bloodborne Pathogens Standard? - ANSWER-Health care providers must use safety devices when administering injectable vaccines. Where should vaccines that require refrigeration be stored? - ANSWER-In the middle of the refrigerator. What is the minimum needle length is recommended for administering HepB vaccine to an adult patient weighing 130 lb? - ANSWER-1 inch. Which of the following statements would be accurate when responding to a patient's concerns about vaccines? - ANSWER-The immune system is capable of stimulating an immune response to multiple vaccines administered at the same time. Which type of immune response targets pathogens that have entered the cells of the host? - ANSWER-Cell-mediated immunity. Which of the following best describes an opportunity for pharmacists to use diagnosis-based screening to identify people at risk for vaccine-preventable diseases? - ANSWER-Performing a medication review for a patient who has diabetes. In the event that a young child is fussy following the receipt of a vaccine, pharmacists should advise parents to: - ANSWER-Comfort the child and engage in quiet activities. RotaTeq should be administered as a: - ANSWER-3-dose series to infants at 2, 4, and 6 months of age. Which of the following documents must be given to every patient or patient's caregiver before administration of a vaccine covered by the NCVIA? - ANSWER-VIS. A history of anaphylaxis caused by gelatin would be a contraindication to receiving which of the following vaccines? - ANSWER-Varicella. Alex is a 32-year-old man who is scheduled to travel to a country where hepatitis A is endemic. He received his first dose of hepatitis A vaccine today. Alex should be counseled to return for his second dose of hepatitis A vaccine: - ANSWER-A second dose of vaccine is not recommended for this patient. HZV should not be administered to a patient with a history of anaphylaxis to: - ANSWER-Gelatin. Which of the following key questions is important to ask a patient before administering IIV? - ANSWER-Are you sick today? Which of the following vaccine-preventable diseases had the highest incidence in the United States in 2012? - ANSWER-Pertussis. According to ACIP recommendations, what is the maximum number of doses of PPSV23 a patient should receive in his or her lifetime? - ANSWER-3 doses Robert is a 48-year-old pharmacist who is preparing to provide immunizations in his pharmacy for the first time next fall. He has no documentation of receiving the hepatitis B vaccine and would like to be vaccinated before administering vaccines in his practice. What is the recommended routine schedule for vaccination against hepatitis B? - ANSWER-0, 1, and 6 months. Herd immunity refers to which of the following situations? - ANSWER-Vaccination of enough individuals in a community to prevent disease from circulating. Which of the following statements is true regarding administration of LAIV? - ANSWER-Administer with the patient's head tilted slightly backward. Live vaccines are contraindicated in a patient who: - ANSWER-Is immunosuppressed. Which of the following diseases has been successfully eradicated worldwide through vaccination efforts? - ANSWER-Smallpox David is a healthy 5-year-old boy who is scheduled to see his pediatrician for a checkup in July prior to starting kindergarten. David's immunization record reveals that he has received the following vaccines: 3 doses of HepB 4 doses of PCV 2 doses of HepA 3 doses of IPV 3 doses of rotavirus 1 dose of MMR 4 doses of DTaP 1 dose of varicella 4 doses of Hib Which vaccines should David receive at this visit? - ANSWER-DTaP, IPV, MMR, and varicella. If a patient received the first dose of HepB but did not return for the remaining doses in the series, under what circumstances should the HepB series be restarted? - ANSWER-The series should not be restarted; resume the series where it was interrupted. Which of the following statements is true regarding how vaccines evoke an immune response? - ANSWER-The antigen in the vaccine activates B cells, which produce antigen-specific antibodies and memory cells. According to ACIP recommendations, HZV is indicated for the prevention of herpes zoster in adults aged: - ANSWER-60 years and older. Which disease was the leading cause of acquired mental retardation before introduction of a vaccine? - ANSWER-Rubella. HealthMap Vaccine Finder is a free online tool that allows pharmacists to: - ANSWER-List their vaccination services so patients can find them when searching the website for nearby immunizers. The presence of fever, diffuse maculopapular rash, and Koplik spots are characteristic of which of the following diseases? - ANSWER-Measles. Mark, a 65-year-old man, is a candidate for the following vaccines: IIV3 or IIV4, PPSV23, zoster, and a booster dose of Td. Which of these vaccines is a live attenuated vaccine? - ANSWER-Zoster. According to ACIP, which of the following is a contraindication to receiving HZV? - ANSWER-Current treatment for lymphoma. Which of the following statements about pharmacy-based vaccination programs is true? - ANSWER-Administratively, billing for vaccines covered by Medicare Part D may be easier for pharmacists than physicians. Federal law makes offering an influenza vaccination a requirement for continued federal funding in which setting? - ANSWER-Long-term care facilities. John is a 46-year-old man with diabetes. He requests a refill of his diabetes testing supplies on October 21st. His immunization record indicates that he has completed the primary series of MMR, DTaP, HepA, and HepB vaccines. John has a documented history of chickenpox, and his last Td booster dose was 19 years ago. Which of the following vaccines should he receive? - ANSWER-PPSV23, Tdap, and IIV. Kate is a 24-year-old woman with asthma. She requests a refill of her albuterol inhaler on November 1st. Kate's immunization record indicates that she completed the primary series of MMR, varicella, DTaP, HepA, and HepB vaccines, and she received a dose of Tdap 2 years ago. For complete coverage, which of the following vaccines should she receive? - ANSWER-PCV13 and IIV. Which of the following tetanus booster vaccines would be most appropriate for administration to a 12-year-old boy who has completed a primary series with DTaP and has no known allergies? - ANSWER-Tdap. Which entity determines the specific vaccines that a pharmacist may administer? - ANSWER-States through laws and regulations. After reconstitution, within what time frame must HZV be administered? - ANSWER-30 minutes. Which of the following vaccines is a live vaccine? - ANSWER-Which of the following vaccines is a live vaccine? Which of the following vaccines may be administered to boys and young men aged 9 to 26 years to reduce the likelihood of acquiring genital warts? - ANSWER-HPV4. Name the vaccine-preventable disease that may be contracted by unimmunized children from adults (who can serve as a reservoir for the disease), which causes a paroxysmal cough and potentially can result in pneumonia, seizures, encephalopathy, hypoxia, and death. - ANSWER-Pertussis. Emily is a 16-year-old high-school student with no chronic medical conditions. Emily's immunization record shows that she completed the primary series for IPV, HepA, Hib, DTaP, and MMR, and she had a physician-diagnosed case of chickenpox at 2 years of age. Which of the following would be the most appropriate recommendation for her today? - ANSWER-Tdap, HPV, MCV, HepB, and influenza, if during influenza season. What is the standard dose of epinephrine for managing anaphylaxis? - ANSWER-0.01 mg per kg body weight, up to a maximum of 0.5 mg. What is meant by the term "immunization neighborhood"? - ANSWER-Immunization stakeholders collaborate to meet community immunization needs. Which of the following patients should receive the MMR vaccine? - ANSWER-A pharmacist born in 1975 with documentation of 1 dose of MMR vaccine. Which of the following statements is true regarding the difference in coverage between Gardasil and Cervarix? - ANSWER-Gardasil will provide protection against diseases caused by HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18, whereas Cervarix will provide protection against diseases caused by HPV types 16 and 18. Kimberly is a 34-year-old woman who is 30 weeks pregnant. She received a Td booster dose 1 year ago when she cut her hand while working in the kitchen. She has no documentation of receiving a Tdap vaccine. The most appropriate recommendation would be to administer: - ANSWER-Tdap as soon as possible. Justin is a healthy 16-year-old boy who has no documentation of varicella vaccine or history of the disease. He should receive: - ANSWER-2 doses of varicella vaccine separated by at least 4 weeks. Which of the following is recognized by sociologists as a factor in a patient's decision whether to be vaccinated? - ANSWER-Influence of a health care provider. Which of the following vaccines should be administered to all pregnant women? - ANSWER-IIV. Aiden is a 6-month-old healthy boy with no known allergies. He has received vaccinations in the past with no reported adverse reactions. Aiden's father asks about having his son vaccinated against influenza. The most appropriate response would be to inform the father that Aiden: - ANSWER-Should receive 1 dose of Fluzone today followed by a second dose of Fluzone administered 4 weeks later.