NSG5003 WEEK 4 QUIZ: ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

NSG5003 WEEK 4 QUIZ: ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, EXAM Q&As-What is the effect of oxidized low density lipoproteins (LDLs) in atherosclerosis - LDLs cause smooth muscle proliferation Which inflammatory cytokines are released when endothelial cells are injured - Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), interferon-gamma (IFN-y), and interleukin 1 (IL-1) When endothelia cells are injured, which alteration contributes to atherosclerosis - Cells are unable to make the normal amount of vasodilating cytokines Which factor is responsible for hypertrophy of the myocardium associated with hypertension - Angiotensin II Which effect does atherosclerosis have on the development of an aneurysm - Atherosclerosis erodes the vessel walls Regarding the endothelium, what is the difference between healthy vessel walls and those that promote clot formation - Inflammation and roughening of the endothelium of the artery are present Which form of angina occurs most often during sleep as a result of vasospasms of one or more coronary arteries - Prinzmetal The pulsus paradoxus that occurs as a result of pericardial effusion is caused by a dysfunction in which mechanism - Diastolic filling pressure of the left ventricle and reduction of blood volume in all four heart chambers Ventricular dilation and grossly impaired systolic function, leading to dilated heart failure, characterize which form of cardiomyopathy - Congestive Amyloidosis, hemochromatosis, or glycogen storage disease usually causes which form of cardiomyopathy - Restrictive In systolic heart failure, what effect does the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) have on stroke volume - Increases preload and increase afterload What is the cause of the dyspnea resulting from a thoracic aneurysm - Pressure on surrounding organs Which statement is true concerning the cells' ability to synthesize cholesterol - Most body cells are capable of producing cholesterol