PFT exam questions with complete solutions

What are the indications of PFT? correct answer: -evaluate symptoms and signs of lung disease -assess progression of lung disease -monitor effectiveness of therapy -evaluate preoperative patients to confirm tolerance of anesthesia -to screen people at risk for pulmonary disease -to monitor for potentially toxic effects of certain drugs or chemicals like chemotherapy -screen smokers and people exposed to toxic substances -monitor beryllium and amiodorone what are the limitations of PFT? correct answer: NOT DIAGNOSTIC! -must be in context of history, PE and other tests -not indicated in absence of symptom -can be confusing -it's a sensitive test, not a specific test -can be used to identify the pattern and severity of a physiologic abnormality-not indicated unless exposed (ex: in CHF and other non-pulmonary diseases that affect the pulmonary system). what is tidal volume? correct answer: breathing normally what is inspiratory capacity? correct answer: entire capacity lungs can hold what is FEV1? correct answer: breathe out as hard as you can in 1 second. what is forced vital capacity? correct answer: complete max amount lung holds that you can breathe all the way out. it includes the expiratory reserve volume -(big breath in, then out as long and hard as possible - amount exhaled) what is residual volume? correct answer: air staying in lungs that you can't get all the way out what is total lung capacity? correct answer: max air in / out and residual what are the components of spirometry? correct answer: how much air can be inhaled and exhaled how fast can't measure residual volume or total lung capacity. BIG THREE COMPONENTS: -FVC -FEV1 -FEV1/FVC ratio