Exam 1 General Psychology 1301 TCC
Questions and answers. Verified.
What is psychology? - ✔✔-The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
What is the difference between an experimental psychologist and an applied
psychologist? - ✔✔-Experimental psychologsists gather data and primarily do research that creates new
new psychological knowledge. Applied psychologists use the knowledge developed by experimental
psychologists and use it to tackle human problems such as equipment design, personnel selection, and
psychological treatment.
What is the difference between a psychologist and a psychiatrist? - ✔✔-Psychiatrist can prescribe
medicine and deals with mental disturbances. Psychologists deal with systemic behavior and experience
What was the focus of structuralism? What research method did it use? - ✔✔-Emphasized studying the
most basic components, or structures of conscious experiences. Introspection - reconstructing one's
sensation and feelings immediately after viewing a stimulus
What was the focus of functionalism? - ✔✔-Stressed the importance of how behavior functions to allow
people and animals to adapt to their environments
What two processes or drives did Freud claim were the key to understanding human behavior? - ✔✔-
libidinal energy/Eros included all creative, life-producing instincts, death instinct/Thanatos, allows to
stay calm
What are Freud's 3 components of personality? Be able to describe them - ✔✔-The Id is the instinctive
and primitive behaviors. The ego ensures that the impulses of the id can be expressed in a manner
acceptable in the real world. The superego provides guidelines for making judgements.
Behavioral - ✔✔-observable behaviors and the fundamental laws of learning.
, Humanistic - ✔✔-motivation of people to grow psychologically, the influence of interpersonal
relationships on a person's self concept, importance of choice and self direction in striving to reach one's
potential
Cognitive - ✔✔-important role of mental processes in how people process information, develop
language, solve problem and think
Cross-cultural - ✔✔-how cultural factors influence patterns of behavior. Study diversity in human
behavior in different settings.
natural selection - ✔✔-produce organisms to be better adapted to the environment to survive.
What are the steps of the scientific method? - ✔✔-formulate a hypothesis that can be tested
empirically, design the study and collect the data, analyze the data and draw conclusions, report the
results.
What is an operational definition? - ✔✔-a description of an experimental procedure for the translation
of a variable into measurement or numeric value.
What is a representative sample? - ✔✔-when a subset of a group represents the whole group.
What are the strengths and weaknesses of the three descriptive methods for studying psychology
(naturalistic observation, case study, survey)? - ✔✔-Based on a few cases/hard to generalize, Most
common approach/are we reliable reporters? Observe phenomenon as it naturally occurs/data may be
difficult to deal with for analyses.
Describe Correlational research. What does it mean to have a positive versus negative relationship?
What can this type of research conclude? - ✔✔-Variables are measured, not manipulated. Correlation
coefficient yields the nature of the relationship.
Describe Experimental research. What is an experimental group versus a control group? What is an
independent versus dependent variable? - ✔✔-tests cause and effect. An experimental group is the
Questions and answers. Verified.
What is psychology? - ✔✔-The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
What is the difference between an experimental psychologist and an applied
psychologist? - ✔✔-Experimental psychologsists gather data and primarily do research that creates new
new psychological knowledge. Applied psychologists use the knowledge developed by experimental
psychologists and use it to tackle human problems such as equipment design, personnel selection, and
psychological treatment.
What is the difference between a psychologist and a psychiatrist? - ✔✔-Psychiatrist can prescribe
medicine and deals with mental disturbances. Psychologists deal with systemic behavior and experience
What was the focus of structuralism? What research method did it use? - ✔✔-Emphasized studying the
most basic components, or structures of conscious experiences. Introspection - reconstructing one's
sensation and feelings immediately after viewing a stimulus
What was the focus of functionalism? - ✔✔-Stressed the importance of how behavior functions to allow
people and animals to adapt to their environments
What two processes or drives did Freud claim were the key to understanding human behavior? - ✔✔-
libidinal energy/Eros included all creative, life-producing instincts, death instinct/Thanatos, allows to
stay calm
What are Freud's 3 components of personality? Be able to describe them - ✔✔-The Id is the instinctive
and primitive behaviors. The ego ensures that the impulses of the id can be expressed in a manner
acceptable in the real world. The superego provides guidelines for making judgements.
Behavioral - ✔✔-observable behaviors and the fundamental laws of learning.
, Humanistic - ✔✔-motivation of people to grow psychologically, the influence of interpersonal
relationships on a person's self concept, importance of choice and self direction in striving to reach one's
potential
Cognitive - ✔✔-important role of mental processes in how people process information, develop
language, solve problem and think
Cross-cultural - ✔✔-how cultural factors influence patterns of behavior. Study diversity in human
behavior in different settings.
natural selection - ✔✔-produce organisms to be better adapted to the environment to survive.
What are the steps of the scientific method? - ✔✔-formulate a hypothesis that can be tested
empirically, design the study and collect the data, analyze the data and draw conclusions, report the
results.
What is an operational definition? - ✔✔-a description of an experimental procedure for the translation
of a variable into measurement or numeric value.
What is a representative sample? - ✔✔-when a subset of a group represents the whole group.
What are the strengths and weaknesses of the three descriptive methods for studying psychology
(naturalistic observation, case study, survey)? - ✔✔-Based on a few cases/hard to generalize, Most
common approach/are we reliable reporters? Observe phenomenon as it naturally occurs/data may be
difficult to deal with for analyses.
Describe Correlational research. What does it mean to have a positive versus negative relationship?
What can this type of research conclude? - ✔✔-Variables are measured, not manipulated. Correlation
coefficient yields the nature of the relationship.
Describe Experimental research. What is an experimental group versus a control group? What is an
independent versus dependent variable? - ✔✔-tests cause and effect. An experimental group is the
