ATI TEAS Exam Questions with Complete Solutions

ATI TEAS Exam Questions with Complete Solutions Respiratory System Oxygen/carbon dioxide exchange (Lungs, trachea, larynx, nasal cavities, and pharynx) Breakdown of which of the following begins in the small intestine? A. Fats B. Fiber C. Proteins D. Carbohydrates A. Fats Which of the following is the tube that carries both sperm and urine for release outside the body? A. Ureter B. Urethra C. Vans deferens D. Epididymis B. Urethra Which of the following is the region of the kidney that contains the glomerulus of the nephron? A. Medulla B. Pelvis C. Cortex D. Adrenal C. Cortex Which of the following anti-body-secreting cells is triggered to proliferate upon vaccination? A. Erythrocytes B. B-lymphocytes C. Leukocytes D. T-lymphocytes B. B-lymphocytes Which of the following produces ammonia by deamination in the liver? A. Proteins B. Carbohydrates C. Nucleic acids D. Lipids A. Proteins A cross between two heterozygous F1 plants produces a ratio of 15:1 in the F2 offspring. Which of the following best describes the ratio? A. Modified monohybrid ratio B. Modified dihybrid ratio C. Normal monohybrid ratio D. Normal dihybrid ratio B. Modified dihybrid ratio The normal dihybrid ratio is 9:3:3:1, so this isi a modified dihybrid ratio. The monohybrid ratio is 3:1. Which of the following best describes matter in which the components cannot be broken down into simpler substances? A. Molecule B. Element C. Mixture D. Compound B. Element An element is a substance made of a single type of atoms that are generally held together by physical forces. Which of the following formulas best summarizes a simple replacement reaction? A. A+B= AB B. AB+C= AC+B C. AB+CD= AD+BC D. AB= A+B B. AB+C= AC+B This is a single replacement reaction because element B is replaced by element C. Which of the following structures stores urine before excretion? A. Kidneys B. Ureters C. Bladder D. Urethra C. Bladder Which of the following structures is an irregularly shaped bone? A. Femur B. Metacarpal C. Rib D. Vertebra D. Vertebra Vertebrae are irregular bones. The femur is a long bone. Metacarpals are short bones. Ribs are flat bones. In which of the following stages of embroylogical development are the main germ layers (ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm) formed? A. Blastula B. Morula C. Gastrula D. Fetus C. Gastrula During the gastrula stage, the germ layers are formed. During the blastula stage, the inner cell pmass and blastopore are formed. Embryogenesis is completed by the fetus stage. Which of the following nervous system directs the skeletal muscles to respond in the body's fight-or-flight response? A. Enteric B. Central C. Parasympathetic D. Sympathetic D. Sympathetic The Sympathetic Nervous System activates the body;s fight-or-flight response. In the presence of stress, the heart beats faster and stronger, more blood is carried to the vital organs, and the pupils dilate to prepare the body to defend itself. The Enteric peripheral nervous system controls the digestive glands. The central nervous system typically produces reflex arcs and processes external stimuli. The parasympathetic nervous system promotes responses that are the opposite of the sympathetic nervous system, such as digestion and maintenance. Exchange of gases occurs in which of the following structures of the respiratory system? A. Alveoli B. Bronchioles C. Trachea D. Pleura A. Alveoli The alveoli are the structures in the respiratory system in which the exchange of gases occurs. Although the bronchioles, trachea, and pleura are components of the respiratory system, they are not directly responsible for gas exchange. Integumentary System Barrier to invading organisms and chemicals, temperature control (skin, hair, subcutaneous tissue) Skeletal System Supports and moves body, protects internal organs, mineral storage, blood formation (bones, cartilage, ligaments, bone marrow) Muscular System Locomotion and heat production (muscles and tendons) Nervous System Coordinates activities of other organ systems and responds to sensations (brain, spinal cord, eyes, nerves, ears) Endocrine System Regulates body functions by chemicals (hormones) --Pituitary gland, parathyroid gland, thyroid gland, adrenal gland, thymus, pancreas, gonads Cardiovascular System Transports oxygen and nutrients to tissues and removes waste products (heart, blood, blood vessels) Lymphatic System Returns tissue fluid to blood, defends against foreign organisms (Spleen, lymph nodes, thymus, lymphatic vessels) Digestive System Processes foods and absorption of nutrients into body (Stomach, intestinal tract, liver, pancreas, esophagus, and salivary glands) Urinary System Elimination of wastes, regulates pH volume of blood (kidneys, urinary bladder, urethra) Reproductive System Produces germ cells (eggs and sperm) and environment for growth of fetus (female) -- Ovaries, uterus, mammary glands, testes, prostate glands, and external genitalia Process of Fermentation It is an example of an ___ process where ___ acts on a sugar solution to produce carbon dioxide and ___. anaerobic, sugar, alcohol Facilitated Diffusion The movement of substances across a biological membrane using transmembrane integral proteins. Substances move down the concentrated gradient without the use of ATP hydrolysis as a form of energy. Ball and socket joints are ___-axial joints, which are highly mobile, allowing movement in ___ axes and planes. multi, multiple Synovial Joints Freely moveable joints of locomotion Which of the following is not a lymphoid organ? A. Thymus B. Tonsils C. Spleen D. Liver D. Liver Lymphoid organs are parts of body that produce lymphocytes such as the thymus, spleen, and tonsils. The liver does not produce lymphocytes and is not a lymphoid organ. Which structure is not considered a part of the rib cage? A. Sternum B. Costal Cartilage C. The Thoracic Vertebrae D. The Lumbar Vertebrae D. The Lumbar Vertebrae They are found in the lower back and not considered part of the rib cage. Where are T Cells produced and matured? They are produced in the bone marrow from progenitors, but they mature and develop in the thymus gland Deductive Reasoning Starts with basic premises that are assumed to be correct, and draws a specific logical conclusion A-B, C-A, therefore C-B Is DNA or RNA stable under alkaline conditions? DNA Taxonomy Ranks: Largest to Smallest Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Meiosis A two-step process, and the four cells that result each have half the normal genetic material of the original cell Power is equal to what divided by what? Energy divided by time What does Mitosis result in? Mitosis produces two diploid daughter cells that have the same genetic material as the original mother cell What type of bond between the complementary bases of DNA stabilizes the double helix structure? A. Covalent B. Ionic C. Hydrogen D. Nuclear C. Hydrogen Hydrogen bonds form between the bases to stabilize the double helix structure of DNA The spleen functions are part of the ___ system. A. Digestive B. Lymphatic C. Endocrine D. Circulatory B. Lymphatic What type of bond between the complementary bases of DNA stabilizes the double helix structure? A. Covalent B. Ionic C. Hydrogen D. Nuclear C. Hydrogen Hydrogen bonds form between the bases to stabilize the double helix structure of DNA. Cytokinesis Cytokinesis happens after telophase and it is the splitting of one cell into two. In plants it involves the formation of a cell plate whereas in animals it involves the formation of a cleavage furrow. Meiosis A type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores. In meiosis, the chromosome of chromosomes duplicate (during interphase) and homologous chromosomes exchange genetic information (chromosomal crossover) during the first division, called meiosis I. The daughter cells divide again in meiosis II, splitting up sister chromatids to form haploid gametes. Two gametes fuse during fertilization, creating a diploid cell with a complete set of paired chromosomes. It is a two step process, and the four cells that result each have half the normal genetic material of the original cell. Mitosis A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typically of ordinary tissue growth. Mitosis divides the chromosomes in a cell nucleus. Hippocampus The site of memory storage Medulla Oblonganta Involved in involuntary controls Corpus Callosum Involved in connections between the two lobes and in emotions Pituitary Gland An endocrine organ # of neutrons gives what? its specific isotope # of protons gives what? Determines which element it is # of electrons gives what? Determines if the atomic particle has a positive, negative, or neutral charge How do you find the momentum of an object? It is equal to mass of the object times the velocity of the object Kidneys remove which of the following from the blood? A. Platelets B. Salts C. Oxygen B. Salts Which of the following connects the kidneys to the bladder? A. Capillaries B. Ureters C. Urethras B. Ureters The nephridium in worms has a function most similar to which of the following organs in humans? A. Liver B. Spleen C. Lymph Nodes D. Kidney D. Kidney The use of an electron microscope would most benefit the study of...? A. The structure of atoms B. The structure of cellular organelles C. The structure of skeletal joints D. Chemical bonds in molecules B. The structure of cellular organelles Which of the following cell types provides a waterproofing function for the outer layers of skin? A. Melanocytes B. Keratinocytes C. Merkel cells B. Keratinocytes Which of the following produces progesterone to prepare the uterus for pregnancy? A. Endometrium B. Cervix C. Corpus Luteum C. Corpus Luteum Which of the following are sesamoid bones? A. Phalanges B. Patellae C. Scapulae D. Metatarsals B. Patellae In which of the following areas does protein breakdown begin in the human body? A. Mouth B. Stomach C. Small Intestine B. Stomach In which part of the body do T-cells mature? A. Bone Marrow B. Thymus C. Adrenal Glands B. Thymus The bands in muscle sacromere are formed by actin and which of the following other proteins? A. Myosin B. Dynein C. Keratin A. Myosin 1L=___mL=___cc 1L=1,000mL=1000cc Kilo 1,000 Deca 10 Deci 1/10 Centi 1/100 Milli 1/1,000 Which of the following food sources provides the majority of the urea that is filtered from the blood via the kidneys? A. Meat and some plant products, such as legumes B. Fruits, such as pineapple and pear C. Lard and various oils, such as vegetable and canola D. Grain products, such as bread and pasta A. Meat and some plant products, such as legumes These foods contain protein, which is broken down into amino acids, a component of urea that is removed through the urinary system. Which of the following connects bone to muscle? A. Ligaments B. Tendons C. Synovium D. Suture B. Tendons