Ultrasound Vascular registry Question and answer 2023

Ultrasound Vascular registry Question and answer 2023claudication pain in the muscle during exercise that subsides with rest; due to inadequate blood supply ischemic rest pain more severe symptoms of diminished blood flow; occur when limb not dependent; BP decreased (sleeping) acute arterial occlusion A sudden blockage of arterial blood flow that occurs because of a thrombus, embolus, tumor, direct trauma to an artery. Symptoms include 6Ps : pallor, pain, pulselessness, paresthesia, paralysis, and polar Primary Raynauds Less severe Ischemia due to digital arterial spasm Common in young women May be hereditary, bilateral; hx of symptoms for 2 years w/o progression/ evidence of cause Benign condition with excellent prognosis Secondary Raynauds Worst form Also known as obstructive raynauds syndrome Normal vasoconstriction responses of arterioles superimposed on a fixed artery obstruction. Ischemia constantly present** May be the first manifestation of Buergers disease. Buerger's disease Occurs in men 40years, associated with heavy smoking, patients present with occlusions of distal arteries = rest pain & ischemic ulcers pallor result of deficient blood supply; skin pale. Rubor suggests dilated vessels or vessels dilated secondary to reactive hyperemia; skin is reddened Cyanosis blue discoloration of the skin caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood Arterial Lesions/Ulcers Ulcerations located: tibial area,foot, toes Deep and more regular shaped Quite painful as compared to venous ulcers Can lead to gangrene: death of tissue due to deficient or absent blood supply capillary filling An increase in what time can denotes decreased arterial perfusion what type of elevation/dependency changes occur with arterial disease? Cadaveric pallor (white) during elevation Ruborous red discoloration with dependency (dependent rubor) what pulses can be palpable in body? Aorta, femoral, popliteal, DPA, PTA NOT your Peroneal artery!!! A fistula, post-stenotic turbulence, or a patent dialysis access site A palpable thrill or vibrations over a pulse can indicate what? Coarctation of Aorta 1.Congenital anomaly; congenital narrowing or stricture of thoracic aorta 2.Clinical findings: HTN due to ↓Kidney perfusion, manifests as LE ischemia (↓ pulses and/or segmental pressures) Arteritis 1.Affects the tibial and peroneal arteries, as well as more distal arterioles and nutrient vessels. 2.Inflammation of arterial wall leads to thrombosis of vessel Dissection 1.Can affect aorta or peripheral arteries; May occur as result of HTN or severe chest trauma. 2.On US: thin membrane dividing the arterial lumen into 2 compartments 3.Media is weakened; intima develops tear through which blood leaks into the media (false lumen); flow velocities differ in each lumen. 4.Complications: Stenosis, occlusion, or thrombosis Spectral analysis 1.Individual frequencies displayed by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method. 2.More commonly used during duplex exams; time displayed on x-axis (horizontal) and frequency shift displayed on y-axis (vertical).