Pharmacology Hesi Study Guide

Pharmacology Hesi Study GuideChapter 1 Drug Action: Pharmaceutic, Pharmacokinetic, and Pharmacodynamic Phases The nurse recognizes that the administration of a drug influences cell physiology. What is the term for this concept? A. Pharmacokinetics B. Pharmacotherapeutics C. Pharmacodynamics Correct D. Pharmacology Pharmacodynamics refers to what the drug does to the body, that is, how it influences cellular physiology. Pharmacokinetics is the study of what the body does to the drug. Pharmacotherapeutics refers to the study of the therapeutic use of drugs. Pharmacology is the study of drugs. Which statement best indicates that the nurse understands the meaning of pharmacokinetics? E. “It involves the study of physiologic interactions of drugs.” F. “It explains the distribution of the drug between various body compartments.” Correct G. “It explains interactions between various drugs.” H. “It explains the adverse reactions to drugs.” Pharmacokinetics involves the study of how the drug moves through the body, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. The nurse is administering an injection to a patient and wants the medication to take effect as quickly as possible. Which injection site will the nurse select? I. Subcutaneous tissue J. Ventrogluteal K. Deltoid Correct L. Dorsogluteal Drugs given intramuscularly are absorbed faster in muscles that have more blood vessels (e.g., deltoids) than in those that have fewer blood vessels (e.g., gluteals). Subcutaneous tissue has fewer blood vessels, so absorption is slower in such tissue. The pharmacist states that the patient’s biotransformation of a drug was altered. The nurse interprets this to mean that M. absorption has affected the drug. N. dilution has affected the drug. O. excretion has affected the drug. P. metabolism has affected the drug. Correct Metabolism connotes a breakdown of a product. Biotransformation is actually a more accurate term because some drugs are actually changed into an active form in the liver in contrast to being broken down for excretion. Biotransformation of a drug does not occur during absorption, nor with dilution, nor during excretion. The nurse realizes that a drug administered by which route will require the most immediate evaluation of therapeutic effect? Q. Intravenous Correct R. Oral S. Subcutaneous T. Topical