NUR 641E FINAL 233 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

Pharmacokinetics involves CORRECT ANSWER absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination). Absorption: CORRECT ANSWER absorption from the administration site either directly or indirectly into the blood/plasma. Distribution: CORRECT ANSWER reversibly or irreversibly move from the bloodstream into the interstitial and intracellular Metabolism: CORRECT ANSWER bio transformed via hepatic metabolism or by other tissues. Elimination: CORRECT ANSWER tissues. lastly, the drug and its metabolites are eliminated from the body. route of administration with the highest bioavailability CORRECT ANSWER intravenous; putting entire dose into a patient's vein and bypassing absorption. avoids first-pass metabolism CORRECT ANSWER Intravenous route administration has variable and erratic absorption. n CORRECT ANSWER Rectal administration 4. Steady state (SS) CORRECT ANSWER absorption. n is usually reached within 4-5 half-lives of drug. Half-life of a drug is CORRECT ANSWER how long it takes for half the drug to be excreted from the body. Determines how frequently the drug must be administered. Predicts how long toxic effects can constant with first-order pharmacokinetics of a drug. Zero-order (nonlinear) pharmacokinetics CORRECT ANSWER means a drug is metabolized at a constant rate per unit time. CYP3A4 substrate drugs CORRECT ANSWER may have enhanced activity if any CYP3A4 inducer drugs are used along with it. Drug development process involves these steps according to the FDA: CORRECT ANSWER Discovery: laboratory research to develop the new drug. Preclinical research with animal testing for safety (Phase I). Clinical research on human subjects for medication safety (Phase II). Clinical research in humans