Deductive and Inductive Topic 4 & 5

Deductive and Inductive Topic 4 & 5 The two major types of reasoning .....and...... deductive and inductive ........ and......., refer to the process by which someone creates a conclusion as well as how they believe their conclusion to be true. deductive and inductive ........requires one to start with a few general ideas, called premises, and apply them to a specific situation. Deductive reasoning Deductive reasoning requires one to start with a few general ideas, called......., and apply them to a specific situation. premises .......,......,......., and other widely accepted truths are used to prove that a conclusion is right Recognized rules, laws, theories The concept of deductive reasoning is often expressed ......using a funnel that narrows a .......into a........ visually, general idea, specific conclusion In practice, the most basic form of deductive reasoning is the......, where two premises that share some idea support a conclusion. syllogism Syllogism refers to..... where two premises that share some idea support a conclusion .........uses a set of specific observations to reach an overarching conclusion; it is the opposite of deductive reasoning. Inductive reasoning All forms of inductive reasoning, though, are based on finding a conclusion that is most likely to fit the premises and is used when making....,......,.....,.... 1/ predictions, 2/ creating generalizations, 3/ analyzing cause and effect. An inductive argument is either considered .....or....based on whether its conclusion is a probable explanation for the premises. weak or strong The premises prove the conclusion, not justify it. (T or F) True Deductive reasoning is meant to demonstrate that the conclusion is absolutely true based on the logic of the premises. (T or F) True a few particular premises create a pattern which gives way to a broad idea that is likely true. (T or F) True In the Inductive reasoning we use an inverted funnel (or a pyramid) that starts at the narrow premises and expands into a wider conclusion. (T or F) True There is an equivalent to a syllogism in inductive reasoning, meaning there is a basic standard format. (T or F) False Correction: There is no equivalent to a syllogism in inductive reasoning, meaning there is no basic standard format. Just as deductive arguments are meant to prove a conclusion, inductive arguments are meant to predict a conclusion. (T or F) True