CCNA 1: Introduction to Networks v7.0 correctly answered latest 2023

CCNA 1: Introduction to Networks v7.0 correctly answered latest 2023What two ICMPv6 message types must be permitted through IPv6 access control lists to allow resolution of Layer 3 addresses to Layer 2 MAC addresses? neighbor solicitations echo requests neighbor advertisements echo replies router solicitations router advertisements 1) neighbor solicitations 2) neighbor advertisements Which range of link-local addresses can be assigned to an IPv6-enabled interface? FEC0::/10 FDEE::/7 FE80::/10 FF00::/8 FE80::/10 Link-local addresses are in the range of FE80::/10 to FEBF::/10. The original IPv6 specification defined site-local addresses and used the prefix range FEC0::/10, but these addresses were deprecated by the IETF in favor of unique local addresses. FDEE::/7 is a unique local address because it is in the range of FC00::/7 to FDFF::/7. IPv6 multicast addresses have the prefix FF00::/8. What would be the interface ID of an IPv6 enabled interface with a MAC address of 1C-6F-65-C2-BD-F8 when the interface ID is generated by using the EUI-64 process? 0C6F:65FF:FEC2:BDF8 1E6F:65FF:FEC2:BDF8 C16F:65FF:FEC2:BDF8 106F:65FF:FEC2:BDF8 1E6F:65FF:FEC2:BDF8 To derive the EUI-64 interface ID by using the MAC address 1C-6F-65-C2-BD-F8, three steps are taken. Change the seventh bit of the MAC address from a binary 0 to a binary 1 which changes the hex C, into a hex E. Insert hex digits FFFE into the middle of the address. Rewrite the address in IPv6 format. The three steps, when complete, give the interface ID of 1E6F:65FF:FEC2:BDF8. An organization is assigned an IPv6 address block of 2001:db8:0:ca00::/56. How many subnets can be created without using bits in the interface ID space? 256 512 1024 4096 256 Refer to the exhibit. If host A sends an IP packet to host B, what will the destination address be in the frame when it leaves host A? DD:DD:DD:DD:DD:DD 172.168.10.99 CC:CC:CC:CC:CC:CC 172.168.10.65 BB:BB:BB:BB:BB:BB AA:AA:AA:AA:AA:AA BB:BB:BB:BB:BB:BB When a host sends information to a distant network, the Layer 2 frame header will contain a source and destination MAC address. The source address will be the originating host device. The destination address will be the router interface that connects to the same network. In the case of host A sending information to host B, the source address is AA:AA:AA:AA:AA:AA and the destination address is the MAC address assigned to the R2 Ethernet interface, BB:BB:BB:BB:BB:BB. When a switch configuration includes a user-defined error threshold on a per-port basis, to which switching method will the switch revert when the error threshold is reached? cut-through store-and-forward fast-forward fragment-free store-and-forward Which two statements are correct about MAC and IP addresses during data transmission if NAT is not involved? * Destination IP addresses in a packet header remain constant along the entire path to a target host. * Destination MAC addresses will never change in a frame that goes across seven routers. * Every time a frame is encapsulated with a new destination MAC address, a new destination IP address is needed. * Destination and source MAC addresses have local significance and change every time a frame goes from one LAN to another. * A packet that has crossed four routers has changed the destination IP address four times. 1) Destination IP addresses in a packet header remain constant along the entire path to a target host. 2) Destination and source MAC addresses have local significance and change every time a frame goes from one LAN to another. What is one main characteristic of the data link layer? * It generates the electrical or optical signals that represent the 1 and 0 on the media. * It converts a stream of data bits into a predefined code. * It shields the upper layer protocol from being aware of the physical medium to be used in the communication. * It accepts Layer 3 packets and decides the path by which to forward the packet to a remote network. It shields the upper layer protocol from being aware of the physical medium to be used in the communication. What are three characteristics of the CSMA/CD process? * The device with the electronic token is the only one that can transmit after a collision. * A device listens and waits until the media is not busy before transmitting. * After detecting a collision, hosts can attempt to resume transmission after a random time delay has expired. * All of the devices on a segment see data that passes on the network medium. * A jam signal indicates that the collision has cleared and the media is not busy. * Devices can be configured with a higher transmission priority. 1) A device listens and waits until the media is not busy before transmitting. 2) After detecting a collision, hosts can attempt to resume transmission after a random time delay has expired. 3) All of the devices on a segment see data that passes on the network medium. The Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) process is a contention-based media access control mechanism used on shared media access networks, such as Ethernet. When a device needs to transmit data, it listens and waits until the media is available (quiet), then it will send data. If two devices transmit at the same time, a collision will occur. Both devices will detect the collision on the network. When a device detects a collision, it will stop the data transmission process, wait for a random amount of time, then try again. What are two primary responsibilities of the Ethernet MAC sublayer? error detection frame delimiting accessing the media data encapsulation logical addressing 1) accessing the media 2) data encapsulation Which two commands can be used on a Windows host to display the routing table? netstat -s route print show ip route netstat -r tracert 1) route print 2) netstat -r On a Windows host, the route print or netstat -r commands can be used to display the host routing table. Both commands generate the same output. On a router, the show ip route command is used to display the routing table. The netstat –s command is used to display per-protocol statistics. The tracert command is used to display the path that a packet travels to its destination. What are two functions that are provided by the network layer? * directing data packets to destination hosts on other networks * placing data on the network medium * carrying data between processes that are running on source and destination hosts * providing dedicated end-to-end connections * providing end devices with a unique network identifier 1) directing data packets to destination hosts on other networks 2) providing end devices with a unique network identifier Which two statements describe features of an IPv4 routing table on a router? * Directly connected interfaces will have two route source codes in the routing table: C and S. * If there are two or more possible routes to the same destination, the route associated with the higher metric value is included in the routing table. * The netstat -r command can be used to display the routing table of a router.​ * The routing table lists the MAC addresses of each active interface. * It stores information about routes derived from the active router interfaces. * If a default static route is configured in the router, an entry will be included in the routing table with source code S. 1) Directly connected interfaces will have two route source codes in the routing table: C and S. 2) If a default static route is configured in the router, an entry will be included in the routing table with source code S. How does the service password-encryption command enhance password security on Cisco routers and switches? * It requires encrypted passwords to be used when connecting remotely to a router or switch with Telnet. * It encrypts passwords that are stored in router or switch configuration files. * It requires that a user type encrypted passwords to gain console access to a router or switch. * It encrypts passwords as they are sent across the network. It encrypts passwords that are stored in router or switch configuration files. The service password-encryption command encrypts plaintext passwords in the configuration file so that they cannot be viewed by unauthorized users. Why would a Layer 2 switch need an IP address? * to enable the switch to send broadcast frames to attached PCs * to enable the switch to function as a default gateway * to enable the switch to be managed remotely * to enable the switch to receive frames from attached PCs * to enable the switch to be managed remotely A switch, as a Layer 2 device, does not need an IP address to transmit frames to attached devices. However, when a switch is accessed remotely through the network, it must have a Layer 3 address. The IP address must be applied to a virtual interface rather than to a physical interface. Routers, not switches, function as default gateways. What characteristic describes identity theft? * the use of stolen credentials to access private data * software on a router that filters traffic based on IP addresses or applications * software that identifies fast-spreading threats * a tunneling protocol that provides remote users with secure access into the network of an organization the use of stolen credentials to access private data Match each description to its corresponding term. Need to know: * message encoding * message sizing * message encapsulation Not all options are used. A user sends an HTTP request to a web server on a remote network. During encapsulation for this request, what information is added to the address field of a frame to indicate the destination? * the network domain of the destination host * the IP address of the default gateway * the MAC address of the destination host * the MAC address of the default gateway * the MAC address of the default gateway A frame is encapsulated with source and destination MAC addresses. The source device will not know the MAC address of the remote host. An ARP request will be sent by the source and will be responded to by the router. The router will respond with the MAC address of its interface, the one which is connected to the same network as the source. Data is being sent from a source PC to a destination server. Which three statements correctly describe the function of TCP or UDP in this situation? * The source port field identifies the running application or service that will handle data returning to the PC. * The TCP process running on the PC randomly selects the destination port when establishing a session with the server. * UDP segments are encapsulated within IP packets for transport across the network. * The UDP destination port number identifies the application or service on the server which will handle the data. * TCP is the preferred protocol when a function requires lower network overhead. * The TCP source port number identifies the sending host on the network 1) The source port field identifies the running application or service that will handle data returning to the PC. 2) UDP segments are encapsulated within IP packets for transport across the network. 3) The UDP destination port number identifies the application or service on the server which will handle the data. Layer 4 port numbers identify the application or service which will handle the data. The source port number is added by the sending device and will be the destination port number when the requested information is returned. Layer 4 segments are encapsulated within IP packets. UDP, not TCP, is used when low overhead is needed. A source IP address, not a TCP source port number, identifies the sending host on the network. Destination port numbers are specific ports that a server application or service monitors for requests. Match each description with the corresponding TCP mechanism. Know the following: * acknowledgment * retransmission * FCS * sequence numbers * window size Not all options are used. Refer to the exhibit. Which two network addresses can be assigned to the network containing 10 hosts? Your answers should waste the fewest addresses, not reuse addresses that are already assigned, and stay within the 10.18.10.0/24 range of addresses. * 10.18.10.200/28 * 10.18.10.208/28 * 10.18.10.240/27 * 10.18.10.200/27 * 10.18.10.224/27 * 10.18.10.224/28 1) 10.18.10.208/28 2) 10.18.10.224/28 Addresses 10.18.10.0 through 10.18.10.63 are taken for the leftmost network. Addresses 192 through 199 are used by the center network. Because 4 host bits are needed to accommodate 10 hosts, a /28 mask is needed. 10.18.10.200/28 is not a valid network number. Two subnets that can be used are 10.18.10.208/28 and 10.18.10.224/28. Refer to the exhibit. A company uses the address block of 128.107.0.0/16 for its network. What subnet mask would provide the maximum number of equal size subnets while providing enough host addresses for each subnet in the exhibit? * 255.255.255.192 * 255.255.255.0 * 255.255.255.128 * 255.255.255.240 * 255.255.255.224 * 255.255.255.128 The largest subnet in the topology has 100 hosts in it so the subnet mask must have at least 7 host bits in it (27-2=126). 255.255.255.0 has 8 hosts bits, but this does not meet the requirement of providing the maximum number of subnets. A network administrator wants to have the same subnet mask for three subnetworks at a small site. The site has the following networks and numbers of devices: Subnetwork A: IP phones – 10 addresses Subnetwork B: PCs – 8 addresses Subnetwork C: Printers – 2 addresses What single subnet mask would be appropriate to use for the three subnetworks? * 255.255.255.0 * 255.255.255.240 * 255.255.255.248 * 255.255.255.252 255.255.255.240 If the same mask is to be used, then the network with the most hosts must be examined for number of hosts. Because this is 10 hosts, 4 host bits are needed. The /28 or 255.255.255.240 subnet mask would be appropriate to use for these networks. ​ Match each item to the type of topology diagram on which it is typically identified. Need to know the topology for the following items: 1) IP address of a server 2) location of a desktop PC in a classroom 3) USB port on a desktop PC in a classroom 4) path of cables that connect rooms to wiring closets Not all options are used. What two pieces of information are displayed in the output of the show ip interface brief command? * IP addresses * interface descriptions * MAC addresses * next-hop addresses * Layer 1 statuses * speed and duplex settings 1) IP addresses 2) Layer 1 statuses The command show ip interface brief shows the IP address of each interface, as well as the operational status of the interfaces at both Layer 1 and Layer 2. In order to see interface descriptions and speed and duplex settings, use the command show running-config interface. Next-hop addresses are displayed in the routing table with the command show ip route, and the MAC address of an interface can be seen with the command show interfaces. A user is complaining that an external web page is taking longer than normal to load. The web page does eventually load on the user machine. Which tool should the technician use with administrator privileges in order to locate where the issue is in the network? * ping * nslookup * tracert * ipconfig /displaydns tracert A network technician is researching the use of fiber optic cabling in a new technology center. Which two issues should be considered before implementing fiber optic media? * Fiber optic cabling requires different termination and splicing expertise from what copper cabling requires. * Fiber optic cabling requires specific grounding to be immune to EMI. * Fiber optic cabling is susceptible to loss of signal due to RFI. * Fiber optic cable is able to withstand rough handling. * Fiber optic provides higher data capacity but is more expensive than copper cabling. 1) Fiber optic cabling requires different termination and splicing expertise from what copper cabling requires. 2) Fiber optic provides higher data capacity but is more expensive than copper cabling. What technique is used with UTP cable to help protect against signal interference from crosstalk? * wrapping a foil shield around the wire pairs * twisting the wires together into pairs * terminating the cable with special grounded connectors * encasing the cables within a flexible plastic sheath twisting the wires together into pairs To help prevent the effects of crosstalk, UTP cable wires are twisted together into pairs. Twisting the wires together causes the magnetic fields of each wire to cancel each other out. A network administrator is designing the layout of a new wireless network. Which three areas of concern should be accounted for when building a wireless network? * extensive cabling * mobility options * packet collision * interference * security * coverage area 1) interference 2) security 3) coverage area The three areas of concern for wireless networks focus on the size of the coverage area, any nearby interference, and providing network security. Extensive cabling is not a concern for wireless networks, as a wireless network will require minimal cabling for providing wireless access to hosts. Mobility options are not a component of the areas of concern for wireless networks. Match each description with an appropriate IP address. Need to know the IP address ranges for the following: * Link-local address * Public address * Experimental address * Loopback address Not all options are used. Users report that the network access is slow. After questioning the employees, the network administrator learned that one employee downloaded a third-party scanning program for the printer. What type of malware might be introduced that causes slow performance of the network? * virus * worm * phishing * spam worm A cybersecurity specialist needs to be familiar with the characteristics of the different types of malware and attacks that threaten an organization. Which scenario describes a function provided by the transport layer? * A student is using a classroom VoIP phone to call home. The unique identifier burned into the phone is a transport layer address used to contact another network device on the same network. * A student is playing a short web-based movie with sound. The movie and sound are encoded within the transport layer header. * A student has two web browser windows open in order to access two web sites. The transport layer ensures the correct web page is delivered to the correct browser window. * A corporate worker is accessing a web server located on a corporate network. The transport layer formats the screen so the web page appears properly no matter what device is being used to view the web site. A student has two web browser windows open in order to access two web sites. The transport layer ensures the correct web page is delivered to the correct browser window. The source and destination port numbers are used to identify the correct application and window within that application. Refer to the exhibit. Host B on subnet Teachers transmits a packet to host D on subnet Students. Which Layer 2 and Layer 3 addresses are contained in the PDUs that are transmitted from host B to the router? Layer 2 destination address = 00-00-0c-94-36-ab Layer 2 source address = 00-00-0c-94-36-bb Layer 3 destination address = 172.16.20.200 Layer 3 source address = 172.16.10.200 What does the term “attenuation” mean in data communication? * strengthening of a signal by a networking device * leakage of signals from one cable pair to another * time for a signal to reach its destination * loss of signal strength as distance increases loss of signal strength as distance increases Refer to the exhibit. An administrator is trying to configure the switch but receives the error message that is displayed in the exhibit. What is the problem? * The entire command, configure terminal, must be used. * The administrator is already in global configuration mode. * The administrator must first enter privileged EXEC mode before issuing the command. The administrator must first enter privileged EXEC mode before issuing the comman