C182 (Introduction to IT) - Flashcards
Assembly and machine language are examples of which type of programming
language?
These are examples of low-level programming languages.
JavaScript, Python, PHP, and JSP are examples of what type of programming
language?
These are examples of scripting languages.
BASIC, C, C++, FORTRAN, and LISP are examples of which kind of programming
language?
These are known as high-level programming languages.
A system comprised of different parts working together to accomplish a goal is
known as what?
This loosely defines Information Technology.
Maintaining computer systems, installing hardware/software, configuring OSs,
and performing some scripting are the roles of which type of administrator?
These are typically some of the roles associated with a Systems Administrator.
Running wire, working with network hardware, configuring machines for network
communication, and troubleshooting the network are roles of which type of
administrator?
These are typically some of the roles associated with a Network Administrator.
Designing, developing, and supporting DBMSs (Database Management Systems)
are roles of which type of administrator?
These are typically some of the roles associated with a Database Administrator.
Installing, configuring, and administering firewall security are some of the roles
of which type of administrator?
These are typically some of the roles associated with a Security Administrator.
Installing, configuring, maintaining, securing, and troubleshooting web servers
are the roles of which type of administrator? These admins may be referred to as
a "webmaster" and may or may not be responsible for the server hardware.
These are typically the roles associated with a Web Administrator.
What are some skills desired for IT personnel?
Troubleshooting/problem-solving, knowledge of operating systems, system level
programming (scripting), system security, hardware.
Information can be defined as _________ data.
Processed
Is data more or less structured than information?
Data is less structured than information.
__________ is the output of some process.
Information
What does DIKW refer to?
Data -> Information -> Knowledge -> Wisdom
What is the difference between information and data?
Data consists of raw inputs, whereas information consists of data that has been
processed into more useful material.
A set of tools, such as computer hardware & software, and the people that use
these tools in order to manipulate data to obtain information describes what?
,This is an Information System.
What 5 characteristics does quality data consist of?
Relevant - timely - thorough - accurate - reliable
What does IPO / IPO+S refer to?
Input - Processing - Output - Storage
What four operations does a computer perform?
IPO / IPO+S - Input - Processing - Output - Storage
The physical components of the computer are referred to as what?
The physical components of the computer are referred to as hardware.
Programs and other operating information used by the computer is known as
what?
Software
A collection of computers and resources connected by various media to enable
communication with each other refers to what in a computer system?
A computer network.
The people who use the computer system are known as what?
Users
What is a network protocol?
A standard set of rules used to determine how networks communicate with each other.
What is the most common network protocol?
TCP/IP
What are the 4 main components of a computer system?
CPU - memory - input/output (I/O) - bus
The hardware in a computer that executes instructions and commands the
computer components is known as what?
This is the Central Processing Unit (CPU).
What contains peripheral devices (mouse, keyboard, monitor, etc) used for input,
output, and long-term storage?
The I/O system.
What stores programs being executed and the data that the programs use?
Computer memory (RAM)
The component on the motherboard that consists of several wires and allows
hardware to communicate with other hardware on the motherboard.
The system bus.
The main circuit board which houses the CPU, memory chips, and expansion
cards in any computer.
The motherboard.
The device used for long-term storage that saves data even when the computer is
shut down.
The hard drive.
A video card or wireless network card may be located in an _______________
slot.
Expansion
A CPU consists of what two parts?
The ALU (arithmetic logic unit) and the CU (control unit).
What controls the speed at which instructions are processed?
, The system clock.
What retrieves instructions and raw input data and sends that data to the ALU for
processing?
The Control Unit (CU).
What does the actual processing of the data, sent by the CU, to display on the
screen?
The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU).
What is the measurement unit used to identify the clock speed of today's
computers (Hz, MHz, GHz, etc)?
The clock speed of computers today is measured in GHz.
A computer can only run programs if it has a sufficient amount of ___________.
Memory
Is system memory used for short-term storage or long-term storage?
Short-term storage
What are the two main forms of RAM?
Dynamic RAM (DRAM) and static RAM (SRAM).
What does ROM stand for?
ROM stands for read-only memory.
What does BIOS stand for?
BIOS stands for Basic Input Output System.
Where is the BIOS stored?
In the ROM chip located on the motherboard.
What is the smallest unit of storage in a computer system?
A bit is the smallest unit of storage.
How many bits are in a byte?
There are 8 bits in 1 byte.
What would a docking station be used for?
A docking station allows a laptop or tablet to function like a desktop and provides more
peripherals.
Vacuum tubes, relay switches, and the need to program in machine language are
characteristics of which generation of computers?
These are characteristics of the first generation of computers.
What replaced vacuum tubes around the year 1959?
Transistors.
Magnetic core memory, along with the introduction of transistors, led to which
generation of computers?
These innovations led to the second generation of computers.
What was invented in 1964, incorporated dozens of transistors, and brought
about the third generation of computers?
The silicon chip, also known as a printed circuit or integrated circuit (IC).
In which generation did computers become cheap enough for organizations to
purchase them?
This occurred during the third generation of computers.
Which generation of computers introduced simple operating systems?
Operating systems were introduced in the third generation of computers.
Which generation of computers led to the rise of computer networking?
Assembly and machine language are examples of which type of programming
language?
These are examples of low-level programming languages.
JavaScript, Python, PHP, and JSP are examples of what type of programming
language?
These are examples of scripting languages.
BASIC, C, C++, FORTRAN, and LISP are examples of which kind of programming
language?
These are known as high-level programming languages.
A system comprised of different parts working together to accomplish a goal is
known as what?
This loosely defines Information Technology.
Maintaining computer systems, installing hardware/software, configuring OSs,
and performing some scripting are the roles of which type of administrator?
These are typically some of the roles associated with a Systems Administrator.
Running wire, working with network hardware, configuring machines for network
communication, and troubleshooting the network are roles of which type of
administrator?
These are typically some of the roles associated with a Network Administrator.
Designing, developing, and supporting DBMSs (Database Management Systems)
are roles of which type of administrator?
These are typically some of the roles associated with a Database Administrator.
Installing, configuring, and administering firewall security are some of the roles
of which type of administrator?
These are typically some of the roles associated with a Security Administrator.
Installing, configuring, maintaining, securing, and troubleshooting web servers
are the roles of which type of administrator? These admins may be referred to as
a "webmaster" and may or may not be responsible for the server hardware.
These are typically the roles associated with a Web Administrator.
What are some skills desired for IT personnel?
Troubleshooting/problem-solving, knowledge of operating systems, system level
programming (scripting), system security, hardware.
Information can be defined as _________ data.
Processed
Is data more or less structured than information?
Data is less structured than information.
__________ is the output of some process.
Information
What does DIKW refer to?
Data -> Information -> Knowledge -> Wisdom
What is the difference between information and data?
Data consists of raw inputs, whereas information consists of data that has been
processed into more useful material.
A set of tools, such as computer hardware & software, and the people that use
these tools in order to manipulate data to obtain information describes what?
,This is an Information System.
What 5 characteristics does quality data consist of?
Relevant - timely - thorough - accurate - reliable
What does IPO / IPO+S refer to?
Input - Processing - Output - Storage
What four operations does a computer perform?
IPO / IPO+S - Input - Processing - Output - Storage
The physical components of the computer are referred to as what?
The physical components of the computer are referred to as hardware.
Programs and other operating information used by the computer is known as
what?
Software
A collection of computers and resources connected by various media to enable
communication with each other refers to what in a computer system?
A computer network.
The people who use the computer system are known as what?
Users
What is a network protocol?
A standard set of rules used to determine how networks communicate with each other.
What is the most common network protocol?
TCP/IP
What are the 4 main components of a computer system?
CPU - memory - input/output (I/O) - bus
The hardware in a computer that executes instructions and commands the
computer components is known as what?
This is the Central Processing Unit (CPU).
What contains peripheral devices (mouse, keyboard, monitor, etc) used for input,
output, and long-term storage?
The I/O system.
What stores programs being executed and the data that the programs use?
Computer memory (RAM)
The component on the motherboard that consists of several wires and allows
hardware to communicate with other hardware on the motherboard.
The system bus.
The main circuit board which houses the CPU, memory chips, and expansion
cards in any computer.
The motherboard.
The device used for long-term storage that saves data even when the computer is
shut down.
The hard drive.
A video card or wireless network card may be located in an _______________
slot.
Expansion
A CPU consists of what two parts?
The ALU (arithmetic logic unit) and the CU (control unit).
What controls the speed at which instructions are processed?
, The system clock.
What retrieves instructions and raw input data and sends that data to the ALU for
processing?
The Control Unit (CU).
What does the actual processing of the data, sent by the CU, to display on the
screen?
The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU).
What is the measurement unit used to identify the clock speed of today's
computers (Hz, MHz, GHz, etc)?
The clock speed of computers today is measured in GHz.
A computer can only run programs if it has a sufficient amount of ___________.
Memory
Is system memory used for short-term storage or long-term storage?
Short-term storage
What are the two main forms of RAM?
Dynamic RAM (DRAM) and static RAM (SRAM).
What does ROM stand for?
ROM stands for read-only memory.
What does BIOS stand for?
BIOS stands for Basic Input Output System.
Where is the BIOS stored?
In the ROM chip located on the motherboard.
What is the smallest unit of storage in a computer system?
A bit is the smallest unit of storage.
How many bits are in a byte?
There are 8 bits in 1 byte.
What would a docking station be used for?
A docking station allows a laptop or tablet to function like a desktop and provides more
peripherals.
Vacuum tubes, relay switches, and the need to program in machine language are
characteristics of which generation of computers?
These are characteristics of the first generation of computers.
What replaced vacuum tubes around the year 1959?
Transistors.
Magnetic core memory, along with the introduction of transistors, led to which
generation of computers?
These innovations led to the second generation of computers.
What was invented in 1964, incorporated dozens of transistors, and brought
about the third generation of computers?
The silicon chip, also known as a printed circuit or integrated circuit (IC).
In which generation did computers become cheap enough for organizations to
purchase them?
This occurred during the third generation of computers.
Which generation of computers introduced simple operating systems?
Operating systems were introduced in the third generation of computers.
Which generation of computers led to the rise of computer networking?
